ECONOMICS

ASSESSMENT

OF

THE

ORGANIZATION

WITH

OF

WORK

SCIENTIFIC A.

A.

Korotovskii

LEVEL THE

OF

WORK

COEFFICIENTS

ORGANIZATIO-N and

L.

A.

/~ntina

UDC 666.762;1:338.45

The Semiluk R e f r a c t o r i e s P l a n t has a p e r s o n n e l of s e v e r a l thousand w o r k e r s . The plant p r o d u c e s a wide range of r e f r a c t o r i e s and in t e r m s of output is one of the l e a d i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s of the i n d u s t r y . The plant c o n s i s t s of 29 s u b d i v i s i o n s , among them seven main s e c t i o n s for r e f r a c t o r i e s production, a s e c t i o n for c a l c i n i n g c l a y to c h a m o t t e , a mine a d m i n i s t r a t i o n with t h r e e clay p i t s , a c a p i t a l c o n s t r u c t i o n d e p a r t m e n t , and a u x i l i a r y s e c t i o n s and d e p a r t m e n t s . In 1972 the plant i n t r o d u c e d a s y s t e m f o r the quantitative a s s e s s m e n t of work o r g a n i z a t i o n with a view to s t i m u l a t i n g the i n t e r e s t of the p e r s o n n e l in b r i n g i n g about i m p r o v e m e n t s in this field. pare level level work

A quantitative a s s e s s m e n t of w o r k o r g a n i z a t i o n m a k e s it p o s s i b l e to d e t e r m i n e , i l l u s t r a t e , and c o m the l e v e l s of work o r g a n i z a t i o n in the s e c t i o n s , clay pits, and d e p a r t m e n t s of the plant; to plan a h i g h e r of w o r k o r g a n i z a t i o n on the b a s i s of a n a l y s i s r e s u l t s ; to o r g a n i z e an a c t i v e c o m p e t i t i o n f o r a h i g h e r of work o r g a n i z a t i o n ; and e f f e c t i v e l y to s t i m u l a t e the i n t e r e s t of the work f o r c e in r a i s i n g the l e v e l of organization.

Scientific w o r k o r g a n i z a t i o n (SWO) c o v e r s all a s p e c t s of the a c t i v i t i e s of the e s t a b l i s h m e n t and its s e c t i o n s , c l a y p i t s , and d e p a r t m e n t s . The l e v e l of work o r g a n i z a t i o n in the individual s u b d i v i s i o n s is d e t e r m i n e d on the b a s i s of the SWO c o e f f i c i e n t which is c a l c u l a t e d by a method evolved by the Rybinsk Motor P l a n t and modified to suit the conditions of the r e f r a c t o r i e s i n d u s t r y . The c o e f f i c i e n t s may v a r y f r o m z e r o to one. A c o e f f i c i e n t of one i n d i c a t e s the peak l e v e l of the s t a t e of a given e l e m e n t while c o e f f i c i e n t z e r o i n d i c a t e s the l o w e s t level of o r g a n i z a t i o n . The Semiluk P l a n t uses eight SWO c o e f f i c i e n t s and these a r e c a l c u l a t e d e v e r y month f o r e v e r y s u b d i v i s i o n of the plant. In this a r t i c l e the SWO c o e f f i c i e n t s of the main group of p r o d u c t i o n s e c t i o n s a r e c o m p a r e d f o r the y e a r s 1973 and 1974. The c o e f f i c i e n t K 1 of the work r h y t h m is d e t e r m i n e d f r o m the equation Kx = f f - ~ , w h e r e Bmi n is the l o w e s t l e v e l of p l a n f u l f i l l m e n t o v e r a t e n - d a y p e r i o d in a given month, %, and B is the l e v e l of plan f u l f i l l m e n t for that month, %. This index is c a l c u l a t e d f r o m d a t a s u p p l i e d by the planning d e p a r t m e n t . The c o e f f i c i e n t of w o r k r h y t h m f o r m s the b a s i s f o r an a n a l y s i s of the c a u s e s of i n f r i n g e m e n t s of the p r o d u c t i o n s c h e d u l e , f o r d r a w i n g up the n e c e s s a r y c o r r e c t i n g m e a s u r e s , and f o r an i m p r o v e m e n t in i n t e r d e p a r t m e n t a l planning. The m e a s u r e s put into affect f o r the p u r p o s e of i m p r o v i n g o p e r a t i o n a l planning r e s u l t e d in K 1 b e i n g i n c r e a s e d f r o m 0.956 to 0.965. The l e v e l of work s a f e t y is defined by c o e f f i c i e n t K2: .L K2 = l N '

Semiluk Refractories Plant. Translated from Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 15-17, August, 1975.

01976 Plenum Publishing Corporation, 227 West 17th Street, New York, N. Y. 10011. No part o f this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, 9recording or otherwise, without written permission o f the publisher. A copy o f this article is available from the publisher for $15.00.

485

where

L is the total man-days

Coefficient K 2 equals multiple accident.

lost as a result of industrial unity when

no accidents

occur

accidents

and N is the number

and zero when

there has been a serious

Assessing the level of work safety means that there is a systematic and that effective measures are taken to improve working conditions. The specific nature of the production of air-borne dust:

process

of workers~

analysis

is defined by coefficient

of the causes

K~ which

expresses

or a

of accidents

the level

DI K3 = 1 -

D~ '

where Dl is the excess measured dust level above the established health norm, mg/m 3, and D2 is the dust level according to the established norm, mg/m 3. Coefficient K3 is calculated from the results of laboratory analyses of the dust level in the work rooms. D u r i n g the p e r i o d u n d e r r e v i e w K 3 i n c r e a s e d f r o m 0.96 to 1.00 as a r e s u l t of the i m p l e m e n t a t i o n of a d d i t i o n a l r e l e v a n t m e a s u r e s , v i z . , e n c l o s i n g the p r o d u c t i o n e q u i p m e n t , w e t - s w e e p i n g the r o o m s , and the i n s t a l l a t i o n of a d d i t i o n a l v e n t i l a t i o n s y s t e m s . The i m p o r t a n t p a r t played by t e c h n i c a l n o r m s in i m p r o v i n g the p r o d u c t i o n o r g a n i z a t i o n is taken into a c c o u n t by c o e f f i c i e n t K 4 which c o v e r s the t e c h n i c a l l y s u b s t a n t i a t e d n o r m s :

Nt. S" where

Nt. s is the number

of technically

substantiated

norms

and N is the total number

of operational

norms.

The ratio of key to ancillary workers is one of the factors which express the level of work organization of a production section or department. This ratio depends mainly on the state of organization and level of mechanization of ancillary jobs. Other conditions being the same, the number of ancillary workers is large when the level of organization and mechanization of their jobs is low. The

ratio of key to ancillary workers

is expressed

by coefficient Ks: A

K5 = 1 - - - - W - ,

w h e r e A is the n u m b e r of a n c i l l a r y w o r k e r s and w is the a v e r a g e l i s t e d total n u m b e r of w o r k e r s in the work r o o m o r p r o d u c t i o n s e c t i o n . Coefficient K s i m p e l s the m a n a g e m e n t of s e c t i o n s and d e p a r t m e n t s to i m p r o v e the o r g a n i z a t i o n of the a n c i l l a r y p r o d u c t i o n p r o c e s s e s and to place m o r e e m p h a s i s on m e c h a n i z a t i o n . The adoption of m e a s u r e s for c e n t r a l i z i n g and m e c h a n i z i n g e q u i p m e n t o v e r h a u l and c e n t r a l i z i n g the supply of m a t e r i a l s to the p r o d u c t i o n s e c t i o n s has r e s u l t e d in a r e d u c t i o n in the n u m b e r of a n c i l l a r y w o r k e r s in the m a i n s e c t i o n s so that K 5 i n c r e a s e d f r o m 0.71 to 0.72. The p l a n t c u r r e n t l y e m p l o y s about 500 e n g i n e e r s and t e c h n i c i a n s of v a r y i n g l e v e l s of t e c h n i c a l t r a i n ing and g e n e r a l e d u c a t i o n . The l e v e l of t r a i n i n g of the e n g i n e e r s and t e c h n i c i a n s is defined by c o e f f i c i e n t Ks:

K, =

h --~--,

w h e r e E1 is the n u m b e r of e n g i n e e r s and t e c h n i c i a n s with h i g h e r o r m i d d l e s p e c i a l e d u c a t i o n and E 2 is the total n u m b e r of e n g i n e e r s and t e c h n i c i a n s . Coefficient K~ is used f o r the o p e r a t i o n a l c o n t r o l of the i n c r e a s e in the q u a l i f i c a t i o n s of e n g i n e e r s and t e c h n i c i a n s and r o s e f r o m 0.94 i n 1973 to 0.97 in 1974. L a b o r t u r n o v e r a m o n g t r a i n e d p e r s o n n e l is a weak point. The r e a s o n s for the t u r n o v e r v a r y . At the S e m i l u k P l a n t the l e v e l of l a b o r t u r n o v e r has r e m a i n e d c o n s t a n t f o r a l o n g t i m e . The effort of p r o d u c t i o n s e c t i o n s to r e d u c e l a b o r t u r n o v e r is e x p r e s s e d by a c o e f f i c i e n t which d e f i n e s the s t a b i l i t y in the n u m b e r of trained workers:

486

NI

K7 = 1-- i ~ , where N1 is the number of production w o r k e r s who are d i s c h a r g e d f r o m the plant at their own request d u r ing a given period and N is the a v e r a g e listed total number of w o r k e r s . Strengthening discipline is one of the important aims of scientific work organization. Like o t h e r establishments in the Soviet Union, the Semiluk Plant has introduced m e a s u r e s aimed at s t r e n g t h e n i n g l a b o r and production discipline. The state of labor discipline among the personnel is e x p r e s s e d by coefficient Ks: L

Ks= 1 ----~-, where L is the number of m a n - d a y s lost as a r e s u l t of infringements of labor discipline and N is the total n u m b e r of w o r k e r s in the section o r d e p a r t m e n t concerned. Coefficient K 8 p e r m i t s an a s s e s s m e n t of the state of labor disipline in a given production section. M e a s u r e s intended to strengthen labor and production discipline have resulted in coefficient K s being inc r e a s e d f r o m 0.98 to 0.99. The overall coefficient KSWO of the level of work organization in a given work r o o m , clay p i t , o r production section is determined f r o m the equation Kswo =

~/: KIK2K.~K~KsKeKTKs.

Coefficient KSWO is taken into account in the reviews of the results of the socialist competition b e tween work r o o m s , clay pits, and production sections. The m e a s u r e s introduced f o r the purpose of improving the level of work, production, and m a n a g e m e n t organization caused coefficient KSWO to i n c r e a s e f r o m 0.86 in 1973 to 0.88 in 1974. T h e adoption of scientific work organization helped to improve the c o s t - e f f e c t i v e n e s s indices of the p e r f o r m a n c e of the plant.

487