International Journal of Primatology, Vol. 1L No. 6, 1990

Proceedings of the XIIIth Congress of the International Primatological Society Nagoya Congress Center, July 18-21, 1990; Kyoto Heian Kaikan and Kyoto Shigaku Kaikan Hotels, July 23-24, 1990.

The Intemational Primatological Society, on the invitation of Professor Akiyoshi Ehara and the Primate Society of Japan, held its 13th biannual Congress in Japan. Professor Ehara as the Congress Chairman was supported by an Organizing Committee as well as Advisory, Administration, and Symposia Committees comprising many outstanding Japanese primatologists. Between the Nagoya and the Kyoto meetings, on July 22nd, the Congress visited the Primate Research Institute of the University of Kyoto and the Japan Monkey Center in Inuyama. The congress was formally opened on July 18th by the Congress Chairman (A. Ehara), the President of IPS (1L Dukelow), and the President of the Primate Society of Japan (M. Kawai). During the Congress, three plenary lectures were given by J. Fooden ("New perspectives on macaque evolution"), M. Goodman ("Molecular evolution of the Primates"), and J. Goodall ("Thirty years of observing the chimpanzees of Gombe, in Tanzania, East Africa"). Altogether 500 registered members of the IPS from 34 countries and visitors made approximately 500 presentations in 39 paper sessions, 25 symposia, 20 poster sessions, and 10 video sessions. In addition 6 workshops and 4 meetings on special topics had been arranged. The results will be published by the organizers within the next months. The Congress was characterized by high standards, perfect organization, and an overwhelming hospitality. Before the opening of the Congress, on July 17th, the Conservation Committee, the Committee for Captive Care and Breeding, and the Council of IPS held their first meetings in the Nagoya Crown Hotel. President W. Richard Dukelow welcomed the Council at 4:00 P.M. to its meeting. The minutes of the 1988 meetings in Brasilia, which had pre619 0164-0291/90/1200-0619506.00/09

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viously been distributed by the former Secretary-General Gisela Epple, were approved. The present Secretary Hans-Juerg Kuhn reported on invitations for future meetings. An invitation from Wisconsin is expected. Bertrand Deputte, Secretary for Europe, announced that an invitation to Madagascar can be expected. The President stressed that the decisions for 1994 and 1996 are needed here in Japan so that the organizers can attend the 1992 and 1994 meetings. Richard G. Rawlins, Treasurer, presented his report for 1988 and 1989. For 1991 Plenum Press will increase the subscription rate for the International Journal of Primatology from $28 to $32. The President reported on the Martha J. Galante Endowment for Conservation. The fund stands at $33,640 with an additional $5000 promised from Mr. Galante under the condition that a level of $34,000 is reached. 85% of the expected interest of the fund will be used each year for the Galante Conservation Fellowships. The first Galante Fellow is Mr. Damian Rumiz from Argentina. The Council approved purchase of a plaque with the names of recipients of the Galante Fellowships (at a cost of approximately $70) and that printed certificates for all conservation fellowship awardees should be produced. Akiyoshi Ehara, Congress Chairman of the 13th Congress, presented announcements to the present meeting. The Organizing Committee was able to support 50% of the 60 applicants for travel funds from "habitat"-countries to the 13th Congress. The Council congratulated the Organizers for their successful work. Dorothy Fragaszy, Vice-President for Membership, reported on production and distribution of the IPS Newsletter. The new form of the Newsletter has been very well received and appreciated by the Council and the membership. Possibly, shipping costs can be reduced by sending numbers of the newsletters to local representatives of IPS in some of the larger affiliated societies, for distribution. A move to establish a free emeritus membership category was defeated after lengthy discussion. Trevor B. Poole, the Vice-President for Captive Care and Breeding, reported on the meeting of his committee. It moved that codes of practice for dealers should be designed as a supplement to the guidelines of/PS (Primate Report No. 25, 1989). This motion was approved. The Council also voted to support the establishment of a European register of primates, proposed by the Committee for Captive Care and Breeding. Indonesia has asked IPS support to screen captive populations of macaques for the Ebola-like virus. The ban on transportation of macaques harms research. The Council voted to encourage the CZ)C to investigate the situation in countries of origin as rapidly as possible.

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The President announced the appointment of three ad hoe committees: (a) an Oversight Committee for the Galante Fellowships; (b) a Constitution and Bylaws Review Committee; and (c) an ~ Historian Committee. William Mason reported on the Election Committee. The Committee is preparing the coming elections of the Officers of IPS, in 1992. A nomination committee of approximately 30 members was approved by the Council. Article 5 of the IPS Constitution states that the term of all officers is four (4) years. Consecutive reelection is permitted for the Treasurer and VicePresident for Membership. In addition elections will be held according to the following rules: Bylaws, Article 5. Section 1. Elections. Slates of candidates for Officers shall be prepared every four (4) years from the roll of members by an Election Committee appointed by the Council. Candidates may be proposed in writing by members up to nine (9) months before the Congress. The Election Committee shall present a slate with the names of two (2) individuals willing to serve for each position six (6) months before the Congress, taking into consideration the representation of scientific disciplines and geographical region, and with due regard to the proposals received in writing from the members. Section 2. Ballots. The ballot will be sent to the Chair of the Election Committee who will tabulate and record the vote three (3) months preceding the opening of the next Congress of the society. A simple majority of mail votes cast will constitute election for all offices. The Chair formally reports the results of the election to the Council and to the candidates. Section 3. Accession. The newly elected Officers will assume their positions as the last item of business at the next meeting of the General Assembly. For the coming elections the deadline dates are: 1 Nov., 1991: Deadline for membership to propose candidates i Feb., 1992: Proposed slate of nominees due from Election Committee 1 May, 1992: Report of Election Committee due to Council Aug., 1992: General Assembly meeting in Strasbourg. New Officers take over. The Council discussed representation of IPS in the IUCN of which the Society is a member. The president will appoint an IPS member to serve as the voting representative at IUCN meetings. Richard Rawlins, Treasurer, moved that the IPS dues from affiliated societies must be transferred to /PS by a fixed deadline. The motion was approved.

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The General Assembly of IPS was held in the new Nagoya Congress Center on 20 July 1990. It was opened by the President at 4:10 P.M. Besides the Council, 84 members attended. Richard Rawlins, Treasurer, presented his report. Trevor Poole reported on-the activities of the Committee for Captive Care and Breeding dealt with in the Council before. Hans-Juerg Kuhn, Secretary-General, reported on the sites of future meetings. The Council will decide. The decision will be announced in the IPS Newsletter. David Chivers, Vice-President for Conservation, reported on the resolutions of his committee. Russell Tuttle, Managing Editor, reported on the International Journal of Primatology. Since becoming a managing editor in March 1989, with the advice and assistance of Matt Cartmill and Gerry Doyle, he has assembled 13 issues of the IJP (Vol. 9, No. 6 (Dec. 1988)--Vol. 11, No. 6 (Dec. 1990)), which contain two symposia (constituting 5 issues), 65 articles (including the symposia papers), 13 book reviews, and the constitution, bylaws, and membership list of IPS. The topics of articles and book reviews in Volumes 10 and 11 and the nations from which they were submitted are presented in Tables I and 1I, respectively. Threatened and endangered species of primates were subjects in 49% (29/59) of articles and 31% (4/13) of book reviews in Volumes 10 and 11. Beginning with Vol. 10, No. 4 (August 1989), papers and reviews which feature threatened and endangered primates are flagged with a portrait of Daubentonia madagascariensis and the slogan: Vivamus (Let us live!). Volume 10 (1989), with 32 articles and 7 book reviews, has a total pagination of 619. Volume 11 (1990), with 27 articles and 6 book reviews, contains 600 pages. During calendar 1989, 47 papers were submitted to the IJP; 28 of them (60%) are accepted for publication, 9 (19%) were rejected, and, 10 (21%) are currently under revision or review. Thus far (July 15, 1990) during calendar 1990, IJP has received 24 manuscripts. Four of them (17%) are accepted, 2 (8%) have been rejected, and 18 of them (75%) are in review or under revision. The IJP now has a greater number of competitors for manuscripts than it had when it was founded a decade ago. The Editors of Plenum are eager to keep the IJP up-to-date. The Editors of IJP will continue to do everything possible to move papers expeditiously through the review process. Whenever possible, same day service is given to virtually all manuscripts, reviews, and proofs. A new Editorial Board was assembled, which will maintain the size, quality, and diversity of the journal. All its members are committed to preserving primates and their habitats. In keeping with the emphasis of the IJP on the behavior and ecology of primates in natural habitats, the majority of its Editorial Board are students and conservators of free-ranging primates. They include 6

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Table I. Topics of Articles and Book Reviews in Volumes 10

and 11 (Notation: Numberof Articles/Numberof Book Reviews on Each Topic) Topic Fidd studies of primate behaviorand ecology Behavior of captives Communication RL'production Comparativepsychology Systematics Genetics Paleobiology Neuroscience Growth and development Morphology TheoIy and methods Captive maintenance Apes New World monkeys Old World monkeys Prosimians Mixes of apes, monkeysand prosimians

Vol. 10

Vol. 11

19/2

12/1

2/0 2/0 4/1 1/0 4/1 1/0 0/2 0/1 0/0 4/1 2/0 0/1 6/0 5/0 13/0 7/0 1/7

1/1 0/0 0/0 2/1 0/0 3/0 2/3 3/0 2/0 3/0 6/1 0/0 7/0 4/1 7/0 2/0 3/2

Africans, 5 Asians, 1 Australian, 7 Europeans, 25 North Americans, and 2 South Americans. Richard Rawlins, in the absence of the Vice-President for Membership Dorothy Fragaszy, reported that the membership files had been transferred from Herman Dienske in Rijswijk to Dorothy Fragaszy in December, 1989. The General Assembly thanked Herman Dienske for long and excellent services to IPS by, among other activities, preparing the newsletters in the past. At present IPS has around 1,000 members. The President, Richard Dukelow, reported on ad hoc Committees appointed: (a) Elections Committee (William Mason) Co) Galante Fellowship Committee (Richard Dukelow, Richard G. Rawlins, John Robinson). At this occasion the president read a letter by Mr. Galante of July 1, 1990 in which the $5,000 announced at the preceding Council Meeting was sent to IPS. (c) Historical Committee (R. J. Hutz). (d) Committee for Review of the Constitution and Bylaws (Orville Smith).

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T a b l e II. Nations of O r i g i n f o r Articles in V o l u m e s 10 a n d 11 Nation

Vol. 10

Vol. 11

Australia Brazil Canada China France Germany Italy Japan South Africa Spain Sri L a n k a Switzerland United Kingdom U n i t e d States o f A m e r i c a

1 1 1 -3 3 1 2 1 5 14

1

20

Total

32

27

1 1 1 1 1 1

Milton Thiago de Mello, Secretary for the Americas, reported that a new national society has been formed in Columbia recently. Meetings have been held by the national societies in Brazil, Mexico, and Peru. Bertrand Deputte, Secretary for Europe, reported on the organization of the 1992 IPS meeting in Strasbourg. In 1988 the "Gesellschaft fuer Primatologie" was created in Goettingen, Germany. At the second Meeting of the Council, on July 23rd, in the Youandi Hotel in Kyoto, Donald Lindburg (San Diego, visitor to the Council) reported on problems with the conservation and breeding of bonobos. The Council invited the Zoological Society of San Diego to sponsor a meeting for the formulation of an action plan for the conservation of the bonobo in the wild and in captivity. IPS offered its assistance to the Zoological Society of San Diego in organizing such a meeting. William Mason, in the absence of the Committee Chairman Trevor Poole, reported on resolutions of the Committee on Captive Care and Breeding. The following resolutions were approved by the Council: -

IPS will write to international organizations such as WHO, ICLAS, and CDC to ask for endorsement for the IPS guidelines. Subsequently, IPS will write to the relevant government officials in source countries and send 5 copies of the IPS guidelines. -- IPS should communicate the following issues to IUCN: ll:'S is concemed that primates bred in captivity have been introduced into the wild unsuccessfully because certain necessary precautions were not -

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(a) (b) (c)

(d)

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observed. IPS would like to make the following recommendations to IUCN with regard to the introduction of nonhuman primates into the wild: 1UCN guidelines should be observed. Nonhuman primates should be adequately trained in the skills for survival in the wild. Those releasing nonhuman primates into the wild must accept responsibility for their welfare after release. Ongoing management and postrelease monitoring are essential to assess the success of such procedure because they are still at the experimental stage. Pressure to release captive nonhuman primates into the wild, as a result of a surplus in captivity, should be resisted.

David Chivers, Vice-President for Conservation, presented resolutions of the Conservation Committee of the Council that had already been presented to the General Assembly. These resolutions were approved by the Council: I.

IPS is deeply concerned that Appendix 1 primate species (Endangered) are still common in commercial trade, even in countries that are parties to CITES: for example, the import of gorillas and bonobos into Japan, and the large number of orangutans in trade especially in Taiwan and through Singapore. Therefore, IPS appeals to: 1. The Government of Japan, in support of proposals by the Primate Society of Japan, to establish the relevant municipal laws for the enforcement of CITES standards, to prevent further violations, such as the import of two gorillas into Japan from Spain and their purchase by Chiba Municipal Zoo. 2. The Government of Taiwan to enforce its national laws conforming to CITES, and to introduce any other measures to prevent, for example, imports of large numbers of orangutans. 3. The Governments of Thailand and Singapore to comply with the regulations of CITES (of which both countries are parties) to prevent trade in endangered species (Appendix 1). II. IPS appeals to the Government of Japan on behalf of the Primate Society of Japan to take measures to conserve the Yakushima macaques, including a program for preventing crop damage by the monkeys and reconsideration of the land use policy. HI. IPS is concerned by the lack of protection of endangered primate species in some protected areas (National Parks) and of the need to establish new protected areas. Therefore IPS appeals to: 1. IUCN/WWF to assist in the development, including funding of:

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Proceedings of the XIIIth Congress Table III. Priority Projects for IPS and Affiliates 1990-1992

Africa 1. 2. 3, 4. 5.

Tanzania Tanzania Kenya Ivour Coast Equatorial Guinea 6. Madagascar 7. Madagascar 8. Madagascar

Jozani Reserve Uzungwa Tana River Tai Forest Bioka

Zanzibar red colobus endangered primates in relict forest Mangabey and colobus endangered primates endangered primates

Daraine N.F_, N.E

Propithecus tattersalli Hapalerrmr spp. Allocebus

9. Indonesia

Sulawesi Mentawai Is. north

Asia 10. Indonesia 11. Vietnam 12. China 13. Sarawak 14. India

Macaca nigra, M. hecla" 5 endangered, endemic species Rhinopithecus avuncutus Hytobates, concolor south Rhinopithecus roxellanae, Rhinopitlrecus b&ti, H. concolor Samunsam and other areas endangered Presbytis taxa Western Ghats Macaca silenus

Americas 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Brasil Brasil Brasil Peru Columbia Costa Rica

Atlantic forest Atlantic forest Amazon

Leontopithecus caissara Brachyteles arachnoides Saguinus bicolor Lagothrix flavicauda Saguinus leucopus Saimiri oerstedi citrinellus

(a) the Luo Scientific Reserve, near Wamba, Zaire, and Co) the Ndoki Forest, Congo in association with the Zanga-Sangha Reserve of the Central African Republic. 2. The Government of Congo to establish the Ndoki Forest as a protected area as soon as possible. 3. The G o v ~ t of 7aim. to upgrade and enforce the status of Luo Scientific Reserve and Lomako and Hlanga Forests to national park status. 4. The Government of Indonesia (a) to implement plans for the Mentawi Islands as a Biosphere Reserve in view of proposals to convert rain forest there. (b) to reaffirm its commitment to promoting research and training at Ketambe, Gunung Leuser National Park, and (c) to reassess the protected areas in Indonesia in view of new information on the distribution and abundance of endangered species, such as orangutans.

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5. The Government of Tanzania to protect the Zanzibar red colobus by upgrading the status of Jozani forest, Zanzibar, to a national park, with a permanent research station. 6. The Government of Myanmar (Burma) to reconsider their logging policy in eastern Myanmar, including threats to endangered species such as the hoolock gibbon. IV. IPS appeals to the Government of Japan to take emergency measures (a) to reduce the volume of imports and wasteful use of plywood in Japan; (b) to reduce the level of timber extraction from countries such as Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia in view of the environmental impact; (c) to reform ODA, OECF, and other Aid agencies so that conservation and environmental protection receive the highest priority; and (d) to promote conservation science in Japan, to produce experts to help reduce environmental damage in all relevant fields (e.g. timber, shrimp, gold). V. IPS appeals to the Government of Uganda to become a signatory to CITES, and to enforce existing laws so as to eliminate the import and export of endangered primates into and out of Uganda, VI. IPS congratulates Brazil on the discovery of a new primate species, the black-faced lion tamarin from the State of Parana, expresses its concern over the future of this highly endangered species, and offers its support to help ensure the survival of this species. The Conservation Committee presented to the Council a recommended list of high priority conservation projects (Table l]~I). The Council approved this recommended priority list. Conservation International and WCI might also want to support these projects. The Council accepted the motion that IPS would cooperate with CI and WCI on these projects under the condition that communication before action is guaranteed whenever the name of IPS is used. The Council approved the following resolution: Resolved: "That IPS express their appreciation to Professor l~aara and all his associates on the Congress Committees for their strong efforts in organizing an outstanding 13th International Congress of the IPS." Dr. Sugardijto speaking for Indonesia, Dr. Albignac speaking for Madagascar, and 1L Dukelow (for Professor John Hearn of the Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center) presented invitations to the Council of IPS for the 15th (1994) and 16th (1996) Congresses of IPS. Those inviting IPS will have to provide further details on their capabilities to organize the 15th or 16th IPS Congress.

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The Council approved, tentatively, to hold the 15th Congress in Madagascar in 1994, and the 16th Congress in Indonesia in 1996. When the President has received all information from Madagascar and Indonesia the Council will make the final decision on congress sites for 1994 and 1996. Hans-Juerg Kuhn, Secretary-General of IPS