Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710 DOI 10.1007/s10103-017-2327-2

ABSTRACTS

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

1670

Abstracts Laser Florence 2017

LASER LIGHT and DRUG Laser Florence 2017 is a traditional event, where leading experts in laser medicine and surgery coming from all over the world, meet each other. The 2017 event is particularly rich in interesting topics, also because it hosts the quadriennial conference of World Federation of Laser Medicine and Surgery Societies and of International Society of Laser Surgery and Medicine, which are the world's most prestigious scientific institutions in the field. Particular attention to the relationship between laser and traditional therapies will be paid. Drugs and physical therapies may also have synergistic effects to those of the light, or opposite, or be indifferent. it is the task of the investigator to understand how to use these associations. Similarly, lasers are used in many surgical procedures, where they can be of the scalpel substitutes, or assist it, simplifying many interventions and ensuring a better result. Laser and light are then used together with drugs also in the diagnostic field, from the prevention of cancers up to the early diagnosis of many degenerative and metabolic diseases. Synergistic effects will ultimately be found with the association between laser and rehabilitative physical therapy, both in sporting performance in spinal and brain lesions post - trauma. A special area will be ' dedicated to the use of lasers in veterinary medicine, in particular nonsurgical laser to the anti-inflammatory and analgesic therapies. The fact that these treatments are effective in animals is a confirmation of their validity on the same human diseases. Laser Florence 2017 will cover these topics, in a scientifically correct way, without commercial and other constraints, under the aegis of IALMS, WFLMS and ISLSM. All this will happen in a very friendly and constructive atmosphere, hoping to continue to acquire new data, immediately applicable to clinical practice. As usual, best papers will be awarded and there will be some scholarships available for young researchers; the conference abstracts will be published on the official newspaper of IALMS, Lasers in Medical Sciences (Springer Publishers), while the Proceedings on peer book Advance in Laserology. Looking forward meeting you in Florence, Best regards

Leonardo Longo, M.D.

1671

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

LASER FLORENCE 2017 Scientific Committee °J.J. Anders, BiD, PhD (USA) – Prof of Anatomy, Physiology, Genetics, Neurosci., USUHS Bethesda °H. Avetissian, PhD (Armenia) – Physic Institute, Yerevan University °A. Baruchin, MD, PhD (ISR) – Plastic Surgery Dept, Ben-Gurion Univ. Beer-Sheba, Askelon °G. Bastianelli, MD (I) – ENT, Firenze °G.D. Baxter, TD, BSc, DPhil, MCSP (GB) – Dean, Otago Univ.(NZ), School of Health Sciences °G. Calderhead, PhD DrMedSci, FRSM (UK) - Korean Inst. Photomed. & Photosurg. Res. (KIPPR), Goyang, South Korea °Cheng-Jen Chang, MD (TW) – Plastic Surgery Dept. – Univ. of Taipei °A. Del Vecchio, MD, DDS (I) – Dept of Oral and Maxillofacial Science, Sapienza University of Rome °T. Dostalova, MD (Czech Rep) – Charles Univ. 1st Medicine Faculty, Dept of Stomatology, Prague °C. Fornaini, MD, DDS (I) – Odontostomatology Institute, Parma University °S. Gonchukov, PhD (Russia) – Physic Institute, Moscow State University ° A. Goran, MD (UK) – Dept of Dermatology, Marconi University, Rome °A. Ignaciuk, MD (PL) – President, Poland Society of Aesthetic Medicine and Surgery °H. Jelinkova, MD, PhD (Czech Rep) – Czech Technical Univ. -Nuclear Sciences Phys. Eng, Prague °Ming Chen Kao, MD, DMSC (Taiwan) – Emeritus Professor Neurosurgery National University of Taipei °K. Khatri, MD (USA) – Skin & Laser Center, Boston °K. Kovacs, DVM, PhD (HU) – Laser Vet Clinic, Budapest °S. Krishna, MD (India) – President, International Society for Laser Surgery and Medicine °I. Ilev, PhD (USA) – FDA Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Bethesda °J. Jagdeo, MD, PhD (USA) - Associate Professor, University of California - Davis, Brooklin, N.Y. °R. Lanzafame, MD, PhD (USA) –Res. Associate Professor, SUNY Buffalo School of Dentistry.Rochester,New York °A. Lauto, PhD (AUS) – Physics Dept, Sidney University °P. Lippi, PT, MSc (I) - DAF, Florence University °L Longo, MD (I) – President, International Academy Laser Medicine and Surgery, Firenze (Brazil) °R. Lopes-Martins, PhD (Brazil) - Dean of Biomedical Engineering at University of Mogi das Cruzes - SP - Brazil °T. Lotti, MD, PhD Hon (I) – President, World Health Academy, Zurich-Rome-Firenze °R. Lubart, BiD, PhD (ISR) – Biology Dept, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan °A. Mester, MD, PhD – Budapest University °E. Merigo, MD, DDS (I) - Fac.of Dentistry - University of Nice "Sophia Antipolis" °L. Navratil, MD, PhD (Czech Rep) – Czech Tech. University in Prague, Fac of Biomedical Engineering °N. Nimsakul, MD, PhD (Thailand) – Plastic Surgery Institute Bangkok University °T. Ohshiro, MD, PhD (Japan) – Director, Japan Laboratory of Laser Medicine and Surgery, Tokyo °A. Panti, MD (I) – President, Florence Medical Association, Firenze °P.F. Parra, MD (Italy) – Physical Science, Pisa University °M.L. Pascu, PhD (Rom) – Physic Institute, Bucharest University °A. Pinheiro, DDS, PhD (Brazil) – Dentistry Dept., Bahia University °R. Pirvulescu, MD (Rom) – Institute of Ophtalmology, Bucharest University °M. Postiglione, MD (I) – Former Director, W.H.O., Firenze °B.K. Rau, MD, PhD (India) – Gastroenterology Dept, Chennai University °J.P. Rocca, DDS, PhD (France) – Lab of Oral Health and Aging-Univ. of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice °S. Rochkind, MD, PhD (ISR) – Neurosurgery dept, Tel Aviv University °K. Samoilova, PhD (RUS) - Inst. of Cytology-Russian Acad Sciences, St. Petersburg °F. Sicurello, PhD (I) – Associate Professor, Medical Informatics, Bicocca University, Milano °P. Smalley, TN (USA) – Tecnology Concepts International, Chicago °M. Stark, MD, PhD (ISR) – NESA President, Berlin University °G.P. Tassi, MD (I) – Neurosurgeon, Queen Anne Street Medical Centre, London, UK °H. Teixeira (Portugal) – Medilaser Clinic Surgery, Aveiro °A. Tenenbaum, MD, PhD (CH)- Facial Plastic Surgeon, President ESPAS, Lugano °F. Tomaselli, MD (I) – University G. Marconi, Rome °V. Tsepolenko,MD (UKR) – President, Ukraine Society of Aesthetic Medicine, Odessa °A. Vaitkuviene, MD, PhD (Lithuania) – Div. of Biomed. Technology. Inst. Applied Res. Vilnius University °J. Vaitkus, PhD (Lithuania) – President, Lithuanian Physical Society, Vilnius University

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

1672

Laser Florence 2017 – PROGRAM AT-A-GLANCE PLENARY SESSION - LEADING LECTURE Room A – November 10th, 2017 Chairpersons: M.C. Kao, Toshio Ohshiro, B.K. Rau 8:15

42 YEARS EXPERIENCES IN OUR LASER CLINIC AND LABORATORY

Takafumi Ohshiro MD. PhD.1, Toshio Ohshiro MD.PhD.2, Katsumi Sasaki MD., PhD.3, Reiko Sakio MD. PhD.4 1 Associate Professor of the School of Medicine, Keio University, Vice-president of the Ohshiro Clinic. Tokyo 2 Prof. of the school of medicine, Keio University, President of the Ohshiro Clinic, and Japan Medical Laser Laboratory. 3 Assistant Professor of the school of medicine, Keio University, Vice-president of the Ohshiro Clinic. 4 Assistant of the school of medicine, Keio University, Fellow of the Ohshiro Clinic.

8:35

LASER APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE: AN EVOLUTION LASER THERAPY: EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN BIOPHOTONIC FIELD AND THIN ENERGY INTHE COHERENCE'S REACTIVATION OF LIFE ENERGY

Raymond J. Lanzafame, M.D., M.B.A., F.A.C.S. Raymond J. Lanzafame, MD PLLC; Rochester, NY USA P. Manzelli, PhD, President of EGOCREANET /ONG, University of Florence, Italy

8:55

LASER DENTISTRY - 1 Room A – November 10th, 2017 Chairpersons: T. Dostalova, C. Fornaini, J.P. Rocca PHOTOTHERAPIES USAGE FOR IMPROVING BONE A.L.B. Pinheiro1,2,3, Amanda P. Soares1,2, Luiz G. P. Soares1,2, REPAIR: FROM THE BENCH TO THE DENTAL CHAIR Fabiola B. Carvalho1,2, Aparecida M. C. Marques1,2 1 Center of Biophotonics, Sch. of Dentistry, Federal Univ. of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil 2 National Inst. Basic Optics and Applied to Life Science, São Carlos, SP, Brazil 3 Biomedical Engineering PhD Program, Brazil University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil C. Fornaini1, Elisabetta Merigo2, Federica Poli1, Jean-Paul 9:30 ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF DENTAL Rocca2, Ahmed El Ghamal2, Stefano Selleri1, Annamaria CERAMIC SURFACE PROCESSED BY A 1070 NM FIBER LASER Cucinotta1 1 Dept of Engineering and Architecture, Parco Area delle Scienze – Parma, Italy. 2 Micoralis Lab, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cote d’Azur, 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, Nice, France. Merigo E1,2 Rocca JP 1, Oppici A 2, Cella L 2, Fornaini C1 9:45 AT HOME” LASER THERAPY: A NEW 1 APPROACH FOR LLLT? Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice, 24 Av des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice, France 2 “Special needs” Dental Unit, Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, via Taverna, 10 – 29100 - Piacenza – Italy 10 :00 LOW-LEVEL LASER THERAPY AFTER WISDOM T. Dostalova, Veronika Kroulikova, Stepan Podzimek, Helena TEETH SURGERY: EVALUATION OF IMMUNOLOGIC Jelinkova MARKERS-SECRETORY IGA, LYSOZYME LEVELS, Charles University, 2nd Medical Faculty, Department of Stomatology, AND THERMOGRAPHIC Vuvalu 84, Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Nuclear EXAMINATION-PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY Sciences and Physical Engineering, Prague Charles University, 1st and 2nd Medical Faculty, Czech Republic 10 :15 FUNDAMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF ER,CR:YSGG Salam Alakash, MD LASER IN COMBINATION WITH DIODE 980 nm Amman, Jordan Private clinic, Conservative and Laser Dentistry, WAVELENGTH Jordan Katalin Kovacs, DVM 10 :30 LASER DENTAL APPLICATION: LASER Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical ASSISTED ENDODONTICS TREATMENT Research and Techniques; Small Animal Laser Clinic, laser IN ZOO ANIMALS medicine, laser surgery, Budapest, Hungary 9:15

1673

10 :45

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

LASER MINIMALLY INVASIVE BACTERICIDAL APPROCH FOR THE 21 CENTURY DENTISTRY

11 :00

Roly Kornblit, DMD, DDS, Ms Rome

COFFEE-BREAK

LASER DENTISTRY 2 Room A – November 10th, 2017 Chairpersons: A. Baruchin, E. Merigo, A. Pinheiro

11:15

ROLE OF PHYSICAL PARAMETERS IN ACHIEVE THE BEST DENTAL TREATMENT RESULTS

Mohammed Abdelfattah, BDS,MSc Laser Dentistry Reviewer in Lasers in Dental Sciences Journal. Bologna, Italy

11 :30

FENTON REAGENT PLUS LED LIGHT 400 NM AS DISINFECTANT FOR THE ROOT CANAL

11 :45

PERI-IMPLANTITIS: A MULTI WAVELENGTH APPROACH

12 :00

LASER AND BIOSCAFFOLDS IN ORO-MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

12 :15

LOW-LEVEL LASER THERAPY EQUIPMENT NEEDS CALIBRATION BEFORE CLINICAL USE

G. Lagori, C. Fornaini, JP. Rocca, E. Merigo Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice, 24 Av. des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice, France JP Rocca1,2, Y. Zhang2, E. Merigo1,2, Y. Zhen2, C. Fornaini1, Z. Zhao2 1 University of Nice « Sophia Antipolis », UFR Odontologie, Nice - France 2 Shijiazhuang 2nd Hospital, Department of Stomatology, Shijiazhuang - China L. Cella1, E. Merigo1, C. Fornaini1, F. Clini1, N. Tinelli2, M. Fontana1, G. Lagori1, A. Oppici1 1 Odontostomatology and Maxillofacial Unit; “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, Piacenza – Italy 2 ENT Unit; “G. da Saliceto” Hospital, Piacenza - Italy Andre Machado de Senna, Rosa Maria Machado-de-Sena, Arseni Lázaro Facundes, Patrícia Barros Nepomuceno, Renato Erothildes Ferreira ITPAC, IFTO, UFJF - Palmas, Brazil

12 :30

LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY, BENEFIC FOR THE BONE REGENERATION IN THE TREATMENT OF THE PERIODONTAL DISEASE

12 :45

NEW APPROACH IN THERAPY OF COMPLICETED GANGRAENA USING INFRARED PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY COMPARISON OF ORTHODONTIC BRACKETS RE-BONDING: PREPARATION WITH ER:YAG LASER VERSUS CONVENTIONAL ACID ETCHING TECHNIQUE

13 :00

Dana York, Azamat Butayev, Iskander Beibecov, Agafitza Lefter, Afiya Thaha, Sonia Herman, Anca Dumitriu, Mark Wolff Cannes, France Robert Szabo Min-Dent 69 Bt, Budapest, Hungary Ying Zhao, Xiaowan Zheng, Lu Qin,Yuhao Bai, Chen Liang Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

1674

13:15 - ROOM A - WFSLMS, ISLSM, IPTA, IALMS GENERAL ASSEMBLY BASIC SCIENCE AND LASER PHYSICS 1 Room B – November 10th, 2017 Chairpersons: H. Avetissian, H. Jelinkova, L. Scalise 9:00

9:15

9:30

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE RED LIGHT FOR PSORIASIS IN VITRO SELECTION OF PHOTOBIOMODULATORY PARAMETERS MICROSCOPY WITH ULTRAVIOLET SURFACE EXCITATION (MUSE) FOR RAPID, DIAGNOSTIC-GRADE IMAGES OF SKIN BIOPSY SPECIMENS LASER MICROSPECTROSCOPY IN FIGHTING MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE

9:45

A SUTURELESS CONDUCTIVE PATCH FOR ENHANCING THE CARDIAC ELECTRIC SIGNAL

10:00

GENDER AND AGE RELATED PECULIARITIES OF FLUORESCENCE FROM MEDICAL SAMPLES

10:15

EXPLORATORY AND CLASSIFICATORY ANALYSIS FOR MEDICAL SPECIMENS’ SPECTROSCOPIC SIGNALS OBTAINED BY LASER EXCITATION

10:30

NON-CONTACT PROCEDURE TO MEASURE HEART AND LUNG ACTIVITIES IN PRETERM PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH SKIN DISORDERS. CHITOSAN ADHESIVE SCAFFOLDS FOR TISSUE REPAIR AND STIMULATION

10:45

11:00

Jared Jagdeo, Associate Professor of Dermatology, UC Davis Department of Dermatology, USA D Ho, MD1,2,3, A Ghorbani-Aghbolaghi, MD4, M Fung, MD3,4, F Fereidouni, PhD4, R Levenson, MD4, and J Jagdeo, MD, MS2,4,5 Mihail Lucian Pascu 1, Ruxandra Pirvulescu1, Ionut Relu Andrei1, Mihai Boni1, Tatiana Tozar1 1 National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Bucharest, Romania 2 University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency University Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinic, Bucharest, Romania Damia Mawad, PhD School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia Aurelija Vaitkuviene, I. Ciplys, D. Varanius, V. Gegzna, R. Kurtinaitiene, J.V. Vaitkus Vilnius University, Obstetrics & Gynecology Dept, Vilnius, Lithuania V. Gegzna, I. Ciplys, J.V. Vaitkus, O. Kurasova, R. Kurtinaitiene, A. Vaitkuviene, G. Dzemyda Vilnius University L. Scalise, P. Marchionni, V.P. Carnielli, E.P. Tomasini Faculty of Engineering, Ancona University Antonio Lauto, PhD. The Biomedical Engineering and Neuroscience Group Western Sydney University - NSW Australia

COFFEE-BREAK

BASIC SCIENCE AND LASER PHYSICS - 2 Room B – November 10th, 2017 Chairpersons: M.L. Pascu, F. Sicurello, J. Vaitkus LASER SYNTHESIS OF HYBRID NANOPARTICLES FOR BIOMEDICINE MID-INFRARED LASERS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

H. Avetissian, Phisics Institute, Yerevan University

11:45

DIABETES DETECTION BASED ON SERUM SAMPLES RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

12:00

AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF FLUORESCENCE AND OPTICAL DIFFUSION SPECTROSCOPY DATA IN NEUROONCOLOGY ADJUNCTIVE INDICATIONS OF 830 NM LED-LLLT FOR THE AESTHETIC SURGEON LASERS LIGHT& DRUGS, COMBINED OR COMPERED, FOR PDT & LPL THERAPY

Jose Gonzalez, J. L. González-Solís, J. R. Villafan-Bernal, S. Sánchez-Enriquez Lagos De Morena, Jalisco Centro Universitario De Los Lagos, Universidad De Guadalajara, Raman Spectroscopy, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud Tatiana Savelieva, Ph GPI RAS Moscow, Russia

11:15 11:30

12:15 12:30

Helena Jelinkova, Maxim Doroshenko, Jan Sulc, Michal Nemec, Michal Jelinek Czech Technical Univ in Prague, Faculty of biomedical emgineering

R Glen Calderhead, PhD DrMedSci, FRSM (SK) -Korean Inst. Photomed. & Surg. Res. (KIPPR), Goyang Farouk Al Watban, PhD

1675

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

12:45

LASER TISSUE INTERACTION

13:00

POLYCHROMATIC VISIBLE AND INFRARED LIGHT OF SUN (480-3400 NM): MECHANISMS OF THE VARIETY OF THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS AND ONCOLOGICAL SAFETY ROOM A - WFSLMS, ISLSM, IPTA, IALMS GENERAL ASSEMBLY

13:15

K.Khatri, Skin & Laser Center, Boston, USA K. Samoilova, PhD Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia

LASER ENT AND SAFETY Room B - November 10th, 2017

Chairpersons: G. Bastianelli, Cheng-Jen Chang, K. Kovacs 15:00

SNORING: AN OUTPATIENT NON INVASIVE TREATMENT WITH ERBIUM:YAG LASER

Isabelle Fini Storchi, MD Studio Medico Dr. Isabelle Fini Storchi, Florence, Italy

15:15

CONTINUOUS COOLING SYSTEM IN CONJUNCTION WITH LASER SURGERY FOR EAR RESHAPING

15:30

NEW TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PROLIFERATIVE AND OBSTRUCTIVE OTITIS EXTERNA IN DOGS WITH COMBINATION OF HARD PHOTODYNAMIC- AND LOW LEVEL LASERS LASER IN NOSE OBSTRUCTION: SURGICAL AND NOT SURGICAL TREATMENT OF INCREASING PROBLEM

Cheng-Jen Chang, MD, PhD, FACS Department of Plastic Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei,, Taiwan K. Kovacs, VMD Laser Vet Clinic, Budapest, Hungary

15:45

16:00

16:15

G. Bastianelli, F. Consagra, L. Longo* Studio Medico ORL Bastianelli, Firenze *Institute Laser Medicine, Florence, Italy

STAFF SAFETY FIRST = PATIENT SAFETY ALWAYS: USING WORKPLACE AUDIT TO ENSURE LASER SAFETY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE NO SMOKING IN THEATRE - IT’S TIME TO CLEAR THE AIR

16:30

Penny J. Smalley, R.N., CMLSO Chicago, Illinois, USA Penny J. Smalley, R.N., CMLSO Chicago, Illinois, USA

COFFEE-BREAK TALK POSTER SESSION Room B - November 10th, 2017 h 16:45 – 19:00

Chairpersons: F. Al-Watban, G. Calderhead, K. Samoilova, Ying Zhao 16:45 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CASTOR OIL USING RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY TECHNIQUE AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS

16:50 COMPACT ND:YAG LASER OPERATING AT 1.06, 1.32, AND 1.44 UM IN DENTISTRY

J. C. Martinez Espinosa1, T. A. Gallegos de los Santos2, T. Córdova Fraga2, J. Bernal Alvarado2, M.S. Osegueda Robles2 1 Instituto Politecnico Nacional-Upiig, Silao de la Victoria 2 Departamento de Ingeniería Física – DCI, Universidad de Guanajuato campus León, Loma del Bosque N. 103, Lomas del Campestre, 37150 León, GTO, México M. Kadlecová, T. Dostalova, H. Jelinkova, M. Nemec, J. Sulc, M. Fibrich, K. Nejezchleb, N. Kapitch Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Crytur, Turnov, Czech Republc

16:55 COMPACT PASSIVELY Q-SWITCHED 1064 NM LASER SOURCE WITH OUTPUT BEAM CORRECTION FOR OPHTHALMIC APPLICATION

Nickalai Kapitch1, Turnov, K. Nejezchleb, V. Škoda, H. Jelinkova, M. Nemec, M. Čech 1 Czech Republic Crytur Ltd., Laser Physics Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Department of Physical Electronics

17:00 PHOTOBIOMODULATION THERAPY ASSOCIATED WITH TREADMILL TRAINING IN THE OXIDATIVE STRESS IN A COLLAGEN-INDUCED ARTHRITIS MODEL

S. A. dos Santos; A. J. Serra; M. A. S. Vieira; M. C. Brandão; T. G. Stancker; B. Lemes; E. C. L. Junior; P. T. C. Carvalho São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo Univ. Nove de Julho - Uninove, PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

1676

17:05 CLINICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF LASER THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF ORAL MUCOSITIS IN AN ANIMAL MODEL

Lívia Vitória*, RM Machado**, CRB Oliveira *, TT Rodriguez***, MCT Cangussu*, CC Mathias****, LMP Ramalho* * School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brasil ** School of Medicine, Bahia Foundation for the Development of Sciences, Salvador, Brazil *** Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil **** NOB/Oncoclínicas

17:10 EVALUATION OF PHOTOTHERAPY IN THE DIFFERENTIATION OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN THE TISSUE REPAIR OF RATS SUBMITTED TO A HYPERLIPIDEMIC DIET

L. Ramalho*, LS Santos**, VDU Silva*, LA Vitória*, TT Rodriguez**, AMC Marques*, FCA Xavier* *School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brasil ** Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil

17:15 DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF MYOFIBROBLASTS ON CO2 LASER WOUNDS AND SCALPEL WOUNDS: AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL.

R. Machado, CRB Oliveira, LA Vitória, FCA Xavier, ALB Pinheiro, AC Freitas, L M P Ramalho School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brasil

17:20 TREATING POSTSTROKE LIMB PAIN

Bela Hegedus*, Szilvia Hegedus** *Ss. Cosmas and Damian Rehabilitation Institute, Visegrád, Hungar, Locomotor Rehabilitation, Szeged **Institute of Education, University of Szeged, Hungary Soraya Piccirillo1; Patrícia Almeida1; Romildo Torres Da Silva2; Rodrigo Alvaro Brandao Lopes-Martins2; Rodrigo Leal De Paiva Carvalho3; Paulo De Tarso Camilo De Carvalho1; Antônio Soares4; Marcelo Nicolas Muscará4; Rodrigo Labat Marcos1 1 Uninove, Sao Paulo - SP - Brazil 2 UMC, Mogi Das Cruzes - SP - Brazil 3 USC, Bauru - SP - Brazil 4 ICB - USP, São Paulo - SP - Brazil Virgínia Uzêda* e Silva, Tania Tavares Rodriguez, Flávia Calo Aquino Xavier, Jean Nunes dos Santos, Rebeca Mota Vasconcelos, Luciana Maria Pedreira Ramalho *Federal Univ. of Bahia, Estomatology Salvador Bahia NYU Langone Medical Center

17:25 PHOTOBIOMODULATION OF PAIN IN A COLLAGENASE-INDUCED MODEL OF TENDINITIS IN RATS - MOLECULAR AND FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS

17:30 PHOTOBIOMODULATION LASER IMPROVES THE EARLY REPAIR PROCESS OF HYPOTHYROID RATS

17:35 THE EFFECT OF PHOTOTHERAPIES ON BONE REPAIR OF EUTHYROID AND HYPOTHYROID RATS: RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY.

17:40 ER:YAG LASER APPLICATION IN BONE APOPHYSIS ABLATION:A CASE REPORT 17:45 ER:YAG LASER ABLATION IN CARIES REMOVAL: A CASE REPORT 17:50 ER:YAG LASER-ACTIVATED IRRIGATION ASSISTEDNON-SURGICAL RE-TREATMENT OF MAXILLARY FIRST MOLARS TREATED WITH “RUSSIAN RED CEMENT”: A CASE REPORT 17:55 PERCUTANEOUS APPLICATION OF POLICHROMATIC VISIBLE AND INFRARED LIGHT (480-3400 nm) SIMILAR TO SOLAR RADIATION, TRIGGERS SYSTEMIC MECHANISM OF DOWNREGULATION

Amanda P. Soares1, Luiz G. P. Soares1, Jean Nunes dos Santos2, Landulfo Silveira Jr3, Antonio Luiz B. Pinheiro1,2,4,5 1 Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal Univ. of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil 2 Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil 3 Center for Innovation, Technology and Education – CITE, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi – UAM, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil 4 National Inst. Basic Optics and Applied to Life Science, São Carlos, SP, Brazil 5 Biomedical Engineering PhD Program, Brazil University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Chen Liang, DDS, MD Department of Dentistry, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China Lu Qin, DDS, MD Stomatology Department, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital (China) Yuhao Bai, DDS, MSc Dept of Dentistry, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China Anna Shcherbanyuk1, N.V. Kalmykova1, S.I.Moiseev1, K.A.Samoilova2 1 The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia

1677

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

17:55

PERCUTANEOUS APPLICATION OF POLICHROMATIC VISIBLE AND INFRARED LIGHT (480-3400 nm) SIMILAR TO SOLAR RADIATION, TRIGGERS SYSTEMIC MECHANISM OF DOWNREGULATION OF THE HUMAN MYELOMA CELL PROLIFERATION AND ENHACES EFFECT OF CYTOSTATIC DRUG

Anna Shcherbanyuk1, N.V. Kalmykova1, S.I.Moiseev1, K.A.Samoilova2 1 The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia 2 Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia

18:00

APPROACH AND POTENTIALITY OF LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY IN VETERINARY MEDICINE

V.Paterniani, VMD Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

LASER AND DRUGS Room A – November 10th, 2017

Chairpersons: J. Jagdeo, R. Lubart, V. Tsepolenko 14:15 ÌNIR ILLUMINATION INDUCES ROS FORMATION BY ZnO NANO PARTICLES

R. Lubart, U. Dotan and H. Friednann Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel

14:30 NANOTECHNOLOGY AND LIGHT FOR P. ACNIS TREATMENT

L. Longo*, O. Sheykh*, A. Gedanken, A. Lipovsky, D. Fixler, I. Yariv and R. Lubart Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, *Institute Laser Medicine, Firenze,Italy A. Goren, J. McCoy, M. Kovacevic, M. Situm, A. Stanimirovic, Z. Bolanca 1 Applied Biology, Inc., Irvine, CA 92614, USA 2 Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Rome "G.Marconi", Rome, Italy. Vladmir Tsepolenko President, Ukraine Society of Aesthetic Medicine, Odessa Anna Tsepkolenko Dermatovenerologist, Chief of the regenerative, laser and photo-technologies Dept, Course instructor at the European school of aesthetic medicine of USEM Institute of esthetic medicine “Virtus”, Odessa, Ukraine.

14:45 DOPPLER LASER IMAGING PREDICTS RESPONSE TO TOPICAL MINOXIDIL IN THE TREATMENT OF FEMALE PATTERN HAIR LOSS

15:00 COMPLEX APPROACH TO SKIN REJUVENATION BY MEANS OF LASER AND CELL TECHNOLOGIES 15:15 CORRECTION OF CICATRICIAL SKIN DEFORMITIES BY MEANS OF LASER AND CELL TECHNOLOGIES

15:30 COMPLICATIONS AND UNFAVORABLE RESULTS OF LASER CO2 SURGERY OF INGROWN TOENAILS AND PLANTAR WARTS 15:45 NEW PERSPECTIVES IN PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY: A NEW PROTOCOL FOR THE TREATMENT OF ONYCHOMYCOSIS 16:00 MEDICAL COSMETOLOGY AROUND THE LASER THERAPY 16:15 USE OF LASERS DURING ISOTRETINOIN THERAPY

16:30

A. Baruchin, MD, O. Baruchin, MD Plastic Surgery Dept, Ben-Gurion Univ. Beer-Sheba, Askelon, Israel C. Pedrinazzi1, L. Longo2, J. Houang3, A. Lauto3 1 University of Pavia, Italy 2 IALMS, Florence, Italy 3 University of Western Sidney, Australia Gloriana Assalti, Cosmetology Professor, Servizio di medicina estetica FBF Hospital Rome, Italy K. Khatri1, MD, F. Mirza2, MPH 1 Skin & Laser Center, Boston, USA 2 Yale School of Medicine | MS 2

COFFEE-BREAK LASER/LIGHT IN AESTHETIC MEDICINE AND SURGERY Room A – November 10th, 2017

16:45 HAEMANGIOMA - LASER MANAGEMENT. A CASE STUDY

Sharon Krishna MS, FAGE, FAIS Billroth Hospital R A Puram,52, Second main Road, R A Puram Chennai 600028, India

17:00 HERBIUM LASER AND LOW DOSE CYTOKINES THERAPY: A NEW TOOL FOR VITILIGO TREATMENT

Gianfaldoni S.*, Gianfaldoni R.*, Lotti T.** * MD, Dermatologist and Venereologist, Pisa, Italy **MD (Hon), Professor & Chair of Dermatology University of Rome “G. Marconi”, Italy Fulvio Tomaselli, MD Honorary President, SIME, Rome Consorzio Universitario Humanitas – Roma, Italy

17:15

MINIMALLY INVASIVE METHODS IN REGENERATIVE AND AESTHETIC MEDICINE

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

1678

17:30

LASER RESURFACING IN ASIAN PATIENTS

Cheng-Jen Chang, MD, PhD, FACS Taipei Medicine University Hospital

17:45

LASER LIPOLYSIS with 1470 nm AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION

Zoran Zgaljardic MD, PhD, Ivonne Zgaljardic, MD Zagreb - Croatia

18:00

FACE AND LABIAL REJUVENATION WITH THE NEW ND-YAG 1064 PICOSECONDS LASER LASER VS RF FOR FACIAL REJUNEVATION AND LIFTING: CLINICAL OUTCOME FOR STAND ALONE TREATMENT AND COMBINATION TECHNIQUE ND-YAG 1064 PICOSECONDS LASER TATTOO ABLATION PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF ND:YAG LASER FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERPIGMENTED SPLIT-THICKNESS SKIN GRAFTS

Heitor Teixeira and Carolina Teixeira Medilaser Clinic Surgery, Aveiro, Portugal

18:15

18:30 18:45

19:00

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF LASER HAIR REMOVAL FOR ASEAN PEOPLE

19:15

INNOVATIVE COMBINATION TECHNIQUE FOR LOWER FACE AND NECK CONTOURING AND REJUVENATION

19:30

OPEN CEREMONY WITH WELCOME COCKTAIL Welcome from the Presidents of the IALMS, WFSLMS, ISLMS, IPTA L. Longo, M.C. Kao, S. Krishna, Cheng-Jen Chang MEMORIAL TO ISAAC KAPLAN T. Ohshiro MEMORIAL TO VENKATASAMI JEGANATHAN B.K. Rau HUMANITARIAN ACTIVITY with LASER AND DRUGS – B-Sacs Campaign and Colostrum

Pol.Col. Bunjert Titapiwatanakun MD, PhD Dermatology Division, Police General Hospital. Bangkok, Thailand Heitor Teixeira and Carolina Teixeira Medilaser Clinic Surgery, Aveiro, Portugal Apirag Chuangsuwanich, MD, PhD Thailand Department of plastic surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, Thailand Pol.Col. Bunjert Titapiwatanakun MD,PhD Dermatology Division, Police General Hospital. Bangkok, Thailand. Pichansak Bunmas, MD. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, VPast Institute of Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery Center. Bangsaen & Pattaya Beach, Chon Buri, Thailand

PLENARY SESSION - LEADING LECTURE Room A – November 11th, 2017

Chairpersons: Apirag Chuangsuwanich, H. Teixeira, A. Vaitkuviene 8:15

THE APALMS - ASIAN PACIFIC ASSOCIATION FOR LASER MEDICINE AND SURGERY: HISTORY

8:30

PHOTOBIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY OF TISSUE EXPOSURE

Apirag Chuangsuwanich,MD, PhD, Bunmas Pichansak, MD Vplast Institute of Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery Center, Bangkok, Thailand D. Sliney, Biophisicist Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Public Health, Fallston, USA

LASER/LIGHT IN SURGERY Room A – November 11th, 2017

Chairpersons: S. Krishna, R. Lanzafame, M. Stark 9:00

THE VISION OF VIEZION: A NEW APPROACH TO ONCOLOGICAL TREATMENTS

M. Stark, MD, PhD President, The New European Surgical Academy (NESA) Unter den Linden 21 - 10117 Berlin, Germany

9:15

RETROSPECTIVE SURVIVAL ANALYSIS OF 84 PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE PULMONARY METASTASES FROM SOLID TUMORS TREATED BY A 1318-NM DIODE LASER COMBINED WITH ANATOMIC LUNG RESECTION

Alexander Kern, Steffen Drewes, Beata Bis, Axel Rolle Dresden, Saxony Department of Thoracic Surgery; Fachkrankenhaus Coswig, Thoracic Surgery, Germany

1679 9:30

9:45

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710 VARICOSE VEINS ENDOLUMINAL LASER ABLATION FROM THE BEGINNING EVLT TILL NOW CELIV LASER THERAPY OF FEMALE INFERTILITY

Heitor Teixeira, MD Medilaser Clinic Surgery, Aveiro, Portugal Toshio Ohshiro MD. PhD1, Takafumi Ohshiro MD, PhD2, Katsumi Sasaki MD, PhD3, Reiko Sakio MD, PhD4 1 Prof. of the School of Medicine, Keio Univ., President of the Ohshiro Clinic., Tokyo, Japan 2 Associate Prof., School of Med., Keio Univ., Vice-president, Ohshiro Clinic. 3 Assistant Prof., School of Med., Keio Univ., Vice-president, Ohshiro Clinic. 4 Assistant of the Sch. of Medicine, Keio Univ. Fellow of the Ohshiro Clinic. 1 Daniela Brinzan, MD, 2L. Pausan, MD, 2C. Smeu, MD 1 Arad County Hospital Arad,, Obstetrics-Gynecology, 2 Vasile Goldis Medicine University, Arad, Rumania J.V. Vaitkus, D. Varanius, V. Gegzna, I. Ciplys, G. Terbetas, A. Vaitkuviene Vilnius University, Lithuania

10:00 LASER THERAPY IN WOMEN GENITAL CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS INFECTION COMPLICATED WITH PID AND INFERTILITY 10:15 LASER DIAGNOSTICS TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEGENERATION AND MODIC CHANGES DETECTION IN HUMAN INTERVERTEBRAL DISC SAMPLES I. Ciplys, V. Gegzna, D. Varanius, A. Vaitkuviene, G. 10:30 THE ANALYSIS OF TECHNIQUES FOR Terbetas, INTERVERTEBRAL DISC SAMPLES' J.V. Vaitkus. AUTOFLUORESCENCE-SPECTRA-BASED Vilnius University, Lithuania CLASSIFICATION 10:45 THE PERCUTANEOUS LASER DISC G.P. Tassi, Neurosurgeon, Queen Anne Street Medical Centre, DECOMPRESSION FOR SLIPPED DISC London, UK ACCORDING TO THE CHOY'S METHOD: PERSONAL EXPERIENCE ON 4,000 PATIENTS AND LONG FOLLOW-UP 11:00 COFFEE-BREAK

LASER BIOMODULATION: SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH and CLINICAL PRACTICE Room A – November 11th, 2017

Chairpersons: R. Lopes Martins, A. Mester, L. Navratil 11:15 LASER THERAPY IN TENDINOPATHIES

11:30 LASER BIOSTIMULATION THERAPY PLANNING SUPPORTED BY IMAGING 11:45 PHOTOBIOMODULATION CLINICAL APPLICATIONS AND EFFECTS: AN UPDATE ON MECHANISMS 12:00 DYNAMIC CHANGES IN GAMMAIRRADIATED MICE TREATED WITH LASER

12:15 PHOTOBIOMODULATON OF AUTOIMMUN SKIN DISEASES IN SMALL ANIMALS 12:30 THE MICROVASCULAR RESPONSE TO PHOTOBIOMODULATION WITH NON-COHERENT LIGHT SOURCES IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS – THE ROLE OF WAVELENGTH, GENDER, AND AGE

R. Lopes Martins, Ph.D. Dean of Biomedical Engineering at University of Mogi das Cruzes - SP - Brazil Adam Mester, MD., Ph.D., National Laser Therapy Centre Peterfy Sandor Teaching Hospital, Budapest Raymond J. Lanzafame, M.D., M.B.A., F.A.C.S. Raymond J. Lanzafame, MD PLLC, Rochester, NY USA Yulia Efremova1, Zuzana Sinkorova2, Jaroslav Racek3, Anna Lierova2, Marcela Jelicova2, Leos Navratil1 1 Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection 2 University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Radiobiology 3 University Hospital in Pilsen Dept of Clinical Biochemistry Kitti Szenasi, K., Kovacs DVM, PhD Small Animal Laser Clinic, laser medicine Budapest, Hungary Lilach Gavish1, L. Dudai2, M. Halak3, B. Gavish4, Z. Ovadia-Blechman2 1 The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel 2 Afeka Tel-Aviv Academic College of Engineering, 3 Sheba Medical Center, 4 Yazmonit Ltd.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

1680

12:45 PBM FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Richard L. Godine, DVM Ruckersville Animal Hospital and Veterinary Laser Therapy Center

13:00 THE ROLE OF LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY (LLLT) IN POST OPERATIVE CARE OF AESTHETIC PLASTIC SURGERY 13:15 LASER BIOMODULATION OF FEMALE GENITALIA

Pichansak Bunmas, MD Vplast Institute of Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery Center, Plastic surgery, Chon Buri, Thailand

13:30

Khalil A. Khatri, MD Skin & Laser Surgery Center of New England Boston, MA, USA LIGHT LUNCH

LASER REHABILITATION IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INJURIES Room A November 11th, 2017 Chairpersons: J. Anders, Y. Asagai, S. Rochkind 14:30

WATTS A JOULE: LASER TERMINOLOGY REVISITED

14:45

TREATMENT AND SUPPORTIVE EFFECT OF LASER PHOTOBIOMODULATION IN PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SPINAL CORD INJURIES. PHOTOBIOMODULATION THERAPY (PBMT) PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION FOR THREE WAVELENGTHS USING AN IN VITRO HUMAN DERMAL FIBROBLASTS (HDF) MODEL

15:00

15:15

15:30

26 YEARS’ EXPERIENCE OF LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY (LLLT) FOR CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY THE ROLE OF MULTIWAVELENGHTS LASER THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INJURIES

15:45

EFFECTS OF LASER THERAPY AND GRIMALDI’S MUSCLE SHORT MANOEUVRE ON SPASTICITY IN CNS-INJURIES

16:00

EFFECT OF LASER STELLATE GANGLION STIMULATION ON THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

16:15

EFFECTS OF LASER THERAPY AND GRIMALDI’S MUSCLE SHORT MANOEUVRE ON WALKING PATTERN, IN PATIENTS AFFECTED BY INCOMPLETE SPINAL CORD INJURIES

16:30

TRANSCRANIAL PHOTOBIOMODULATION FOR STRESS: WHY, WHEN, AND WHERE TO TREAT

16:45

COFFEE BREAK

G. Calderhead, PhD DrMedSci, FRSM (SK) Korean Inst. Photomed. & Surg. Res. (KIPPR), Goyang S. Rochkind, MD, PhD, Neurosurgery Institute, Tel Aviv University, Israel

J. Anders, PhD Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland Director Photobiomodulation Technical Group, Optical Society of America Yoshimi Asagai, MD Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinano Handicapped Children's Hospital 6525-1 Shimosuwa L Longo, MD, O Sheykh, MD, D Longo, PT, MSc, P. Lippi, PT, MSc1,G Cherubini, PT, MSc, V. Mangé, PT 1, MSc, M. Giudici, PT1 Institute Laser Medicine, International Academy for Laser Medicine and Surgery, Florence, Italy 1 University of Florence- Florence, Italy D. Longo, PT, MSc 1, L. Longo, MD1, P. Lippi, PT, MSc2, G. Cherubini, PT, MSc1, V. Mangé, PT, MSc 1, M. Giudici, PT1, 1 Institute Laser Medicine, International Academy Laser Medicine And Surgery, Firenze – Italy 2 University of Florence- Florence, Italy Francesco Paperini1,2,3, PT Claudio Deriu1, PT, PESS Luca Farinelli4, PT Cristina Minneci1,3, PT, MSc 1 Riabilita, Rehabilitation Firm, Pisa, Italy 2 Functional Clinic, Rehab. Centre, Rosignano Solvay, Italy 3 Starbene SRL, Rehabilitation Centre, Cerreto Guidi, Italy 4 My Physio, Rehabilitation Firm, Borgo a Mozzano, Italy D. Longo, PT, MSc 1, L. Longo, MD1, P. Lippi, PT, MSc2, O Sheykh, MD1, G. Cherubini, PT,MSc 1, V. Mangé, PT, MSc 1, M. Giudici, PT1 1 Institute Laser Medicine, International Academy Laser Medicine And Surgery, Firenze – Italy 2 University of Florence- Florence, Italy Nicholas A. Wise, D.C. Post-Doctorate Research Fellow, Program on Integrative Med., Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Univ- of North Carolina- Chapel Hill, 187 School of Med, Wing D Chapel Hill, 7200, USA

1681

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710 LASER REHABILITATION Room A – November 11th, 2017

Chairpersons: G.D. Baxter, P. F. Parra, N. Wise 17:00

17:15

RESEARCH IN LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY PHOTOBIOMODULATION: MEETING THE CHALLENGES TO RESEARCH INTEGRITY BIOINFORMATIC INTEGRATION OF "OMICS" DATA TO EVALUATE AND IMPROVE LASER INDUCED NEUROREGENERATION AFTER SCI: AN OVERVIEW

G.D. Baxter, D, BSc, DPhil, MCSP (GB) – Dean, Otago Univ.(NZ), School of Health Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand Mezzelani A1, Cupaioli F1, Sicurello F2, Milanesi L1 1 National Research Council-Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy 2 Italian Telemedicine and Medical Informatics Association, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy 1 Pier Francesco Parra, MD, 1Giannino Algeri, Eng, 2 Luca Farinelli, PT 3Tullio Stabile 1 Visiting Professor in Pisa University (Medicine and Surgery) 2 Physiotherapist in the Italian Tennis Federation National Teams 3 Osteopath in the Italian Tennis Federation National Teams

17:30

TREATMENT OF MENISCO-CAPSULAR JUNCTION TEARS WITH HIGH POWER LASER

17:45

ACUTE AND CHRONIC LUMBAGO TREATED WITH LASER 1064 & 808 nm

18:00

ADVANCED LASER THERAPY OF INDURATIO PENIS PLASTICA

18:15

LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY PHOTOBIOMODULATION FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF BREAST CANCER-RELATED LYMPHOEDEMA: AN UPDATE

G David Baxter, Lizhou Liu, Simone Petrich*, Cathy Chapple, Juanita J Anders**, Steve Tumilty Dunedin, University of Otago, Rehabilitation Dept, NZ * Department of Surgical Sciences, Southern District Health Board, Dunedin, New Zealand; **Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Maryland, United States

18:30

BENEFITS OF HIGH POWER LASER THERAPY FOR PATIENTS WITH DISORDERS OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

Navratil Vaclav, Prihoda Ales, Blaskova Eliska, Kimlickova Monika, Efremova Yulie, Navratil Leos The Faculty of Biomedical Engineering of the Czech Technical University in Prague, Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Kladno, Czech Rep Clinic THERAP TILIA, Prague, Czech Republic

18:45

MUSCLE SHORTENING MANOUVRE (MSM) IS EFFETCIVE IN THE TREATMENT OF PAINFUL SHOULDER A COMPARISON WITH A TOPICAL NON-STEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS (TNSAIDS).

Melchiorre D., *Lippi P., **Marchi A., Maresca M., ***Lazzerini P., **Bagni M.A. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Sez. di Reumatologia, Università di Firenze. *USL Toscana Centro. Servizio di Fisioterapia. **Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Sez. di Scienze Firenze. ***USL Toscana Area Nord-Ovest. Servizio di Riabilitazione Neurologica, Barga Fisiologiche, Università di Firenze

19:00

WFSLMS, ISLSM, IPTA, IALMS Final GENERAL ASSEMBLY and CONCLUSION GALA DINNER WITH SHOW, CLOSURE CEREMONY, GRANTS & AWARD ASSIGNATION

21:15

L Longo, MD, O Sheykh, MD, D Longo, PT, MSc., P. Lippi, PT, MSc1,G Cherubini, PT, MSc., V Mangé, PT, MSc.1 and, M. Giudici, PT1 Institute Laser Medicine, International Academy for Laser Medicine and Surgery, Florence, Italy 1 University of Florence- Florence, Italy L Longo, MD, O Sheykh, MD Institute Laser Medicine, International Academy for Laser Medicine and Surgery, Florence, Italy

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

PHOTOTHERAPIES USAGE FOR IMPROVING BONE REPAIR: FROM THE BENCH TO THE DENTAL CHAIR A.L.B. Pinheiro1,2,3, Amanda P. Soares1,2, Luiz G. P. Soares1,2, Fabiola B. Carvalho1,2, Aparecida M. C. Marques1,2. 1 Center of Biophotonics, Sch. of Dentistry, Federal Univ. of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 2National Inst. Basic Optics and Applied to Life Science, São Carlos, SP, Brazil 3Biomedical Engineering PhD Program, Brazil University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Bone losses are major problems in many medical and dental specialties and occur due to several physiologic and pathologic conditions. Several therapeutic techniques are clinically used attempting to promote acceleration and /or improvement of bone repair, including the use of coherent or non-coherent light. We highlight the laser light used for Laser phototherapy (LPT). Over the past decades, we have proposed both experimental and clinical protocols for a considerable number of procedures involving the repair of bone in both animals and humans. These protocols are now used also as aids for an efficient repair of mineralized tissues as LPT accelerates the bone repair by directly affecting, in many ways, new bone formation. It is known that the stimulant effect of the IR laser light on bone occurs during the initial phase of proliferation of both fibroblasts and osteoblasts as well as on initial differentiation of mesenchymal cells. Fibroblastic proliferation and its increased activity have been detected previously on irradiated subjects and cells cultures and these are responsible for great concentration of collagen fibres seen within irradiate bone. Our previous studies indicate that the effective outcome of LPT is observed when the treatment is carried out at early stages when high cellular proliferation occurs. Vascular responses to LPT were also suggested as one of the possible mechanism responsible for the positive clinical results observed. The possibility of influencing selectively bone formation by controlling both the quality and quantity of bone has become a reality due to the technological development of biomaterials and on the important evolution in the methods and knowledge of cellular and molecular biology that occurs on these events. LPT is a modern tool that we use in our daily clinical practice. The Laser is a new instrument that few Dentists use, but in the future, will be a natural part of our equipment. However, the mechanism of effect of LPT is complex making difficult its understanding. LPT is another treatment option that may be offered to our patients in daily clinical practice.

ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF DENTAL CERAMIC SURFACE PROCESSED BY A 1070 NM FIBER LASER C. Fornaini1, Elisabetta Merigo2, Federica Poli1, Jean-Paul Rocca2, Ahmed El Ghamal2, Stefano Selleri1, Annamaria Cucinotta1 1 Dept of Engineering and Architecture, Parco Area delle Scienze– Parma, Italy. 2Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cote d’Azur, 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice, France. Background Lithium di-silicate ceramics offer high accuracy when used in prosthetic dentistry. Their bonding, using different resins, is highly dependent on micro-mechanical interlocking and adhesive chemical bonding. Ceramic surface treatment increases the contact area with the tooth structure, creating micro-porosities and enhancing the potential for mechanical retention of the cement. Different surface treatment methods have been proposed in literature. Non-destructive techniques to treat inert ceramics and modify their mechanical and chemical characteristics help to produce an activated surface. Performance investigation of high strength ceramics when their surface is modified for chemical and mechanical bonding is required.

1682

Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of using fiber lasers for surface treatment of Lithium di-silicate ceramics (e.max Press, Ivoclar, Italy), thus improving their mechanical and chemical properties. Materials and Methods Samples were irradiated by a 1070 nm pulsed fiber laser (AREX 20) provided by Datalogic, Italy, with different parameters. Surface modifications were analyzed by optical microscope, SEM and EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). Results The observation of the irradiated surface shows a roughness increase with small areas of melting and carbonization and EDS analysis revealed, by using proper laser parameters, no evident differences between laser-processed samples and controls. Discussion and conclusion Even if further studies are necessary to confirm the results, 1070 nm fiber laser irradiation can be considered an effective tool to increase the Lithium di-silicate ceramics adhesion.

"AT HOME” LASER THERAPY: A NEW APPROACH FOR LLLT? E. Merigo1,2, JP Rocca1, A. Oppici2, L. Cella2, C. Fornaini1,2 1 Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice, 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice, France 2“Special needs” Dental Unit, Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, via Taverna, 10 – 29100 - Piacenza – Italy Background With the term Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) or Laser biomodulation (PBM) it is tried to frame a field of laser applications particularly complex and related to the stimulation of the healing processes (bone, mucosae, skin,…), the analgesic action and the effect on inflammatory reactions. This low power approach is actually used in different fields of medicine with great success and it is performed directly by medical specialists. Purpose The aim of this preliminary study is to present the effectiveness of a new laser device recently proposed by the commerce that, due to its reduced dimensions and to be a class I laser according the ANSI classification, may be used at home by the patient himself: one of the problems related to LLLT/PBM protocols is represented by the needing, for the patients, to go to the therapist twice/three times weekly for treatments of some minutes. The availability of new LLLT appliances, cheaper, smaller and able to be used at home by the patients themselves might represent a solution to this problem, giving the possibility to the patients to receive LLLT treatment also daily avoiding the risk of overpower, due to this device has only a power setting. Materials and Methods Different painful conditions and oral diseases have been treated with this approach evaluating the results from a subjective and objective point of view, among these neuronal disorders occurring in the oral district as anaesthesia, paraesthesia, hypoesthesia and hyperaesthesia occurred after surgical procedures, TMD disorders, and oral mucosal diseases. Results complete resolution of symptomatology and/or clinical improvements was obtained after laser treatment with a good compliance for the patient and without reporting any side effect. Discussion and conclusion This study, even as pilot study, investigated a new way to introduce PBM for different orofacial painful conditions and diseases. Results are encouraging but they will have to be confirmed by greater studies.

LOW-LEVEL LASER THERAPY AFTER WISDOM TEETH SURGERY: EVALUATION OF IMMUNOLOGIC MARKERSS E C R E T O R Y I G A , LY S O Z Y M E L E V E L S , A N D T H E R M O G R A P H I C E X A M I N AT I O N - P L A C E B O CONTROLLED STUDY T. Dostalova, Veronika Kroulikova, Stepan Podzimek, Helena Jelinkova Charles University, 2nd Medical Faculty, Deparment of Stomatology, Vuvalu 84, Technical University in Prague,

1683

Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Prague Charles University, 1st and 2nd Medical Faculty, Czech, Czech Republic Objective The goal of this investigation is to analyze the effect of the therapeutic low-laser therapy (LLLT) to have a possibility to check the pain and inflammation connected with surgical removal of impacted lower third molars in general anesthesia, or even phobia (not accompanied by pain or fear of dental treatment, using immunologic markers (secretory IgA and lysozyme). The healing process was also monitored by infrared thermography. Background data: LLLT can accelerate the proliferation phase of healing and decrease the inflammatory reaction, but the effect is not really clear. Methods The treatment group contained of comprised 213 impacted third molars (144 laser group, 74 placebo group). Laser radiation (diode laser 830 nm) was applied. The effectivity of laser therapy was created on immunological tests, comprising preand after-treatment sIgA and lysozyme in non-stimulated saliva. Thermographic examination was performed by infrared camera. Results After laser irradiation the sIgA decreases from 546.91 mg/l (SD 354.58) to 304.91 mg/l (SD 191.96), and in the control group from 602.25 mg/l (SD 343.62) to 425.62 mg/l (SD 220.51); the differences were significant, the lysozyme value being lower. After laser therapy the laser and placebo sides in the area of the third molars were differed in 0.2 °C. Conclusions Wavelength 830 nm penetrates to deeper-seated tissues. A positive association was found between concentration of salivary sIgA and lysozyme in the saliva after application of LLLT. The deep-seated wounds after wisdom teeth extractions had no effect on temperature rise in the face.

FUNDAMENTAL APPLICATIONS OF ER,CR:YSGG LASER IN COMBINATION WITH DIODE 980NM WAVELENGTH

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

polyp is characterized by pink, red or white knoblike growth with sessile or pedunculated base with a prevalence of 1-2 % and a higher female predilection (2.2:1). A rare case of fibroepithelial polyp of gingiva in a 13 year old female, treated by Diode laser assisted excision, has been presented here along with its long follow up. Case Report A 13 year old female patient reported with chief complaint of an enlarging, painless- soft mass in lower front region of the jaw with a history of 6 months. Intra oral examination revealed firm, non tender, pinkish white sessile lesion of 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm × 0.5 cm on interdental papilla and attached gingiva on both labial and lingual sides in relation to 32 and 33. A diode laser assisted surgical excision and lasing of periosteum was performed under local anesthesia. There was no recurrence even after 18 months with complete restoration of normal form and esthetics. Histopathological diagnosis was of fibroepithelial polyp. Conclusion The clinician needs to be aware of the clinical, histopathological features and management of reactive mucosal lesions. Diode laser is an important aid in performing surgical excision of these lesions with minimal patient discomfort, increased operator control and good post operative results. The protocol involving tissue preservation and lasing of periosteum is an innovative method for excision of reactive lesions and can be explored through future research.

L A SE R D E N TA L A PP L I CAT I O N : L A S ER AS S I S T ED ENDODONTICS TREATMENT IN ZOO ANIMALS Dr. Katalin Kovacs, DVM Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Research and Techniques; Small Animal Laser Clinic, Laser Medicine, Laser Surgery, Budapest, Hungary

Amman, Jordan Private clinic, Conservative and Laser Dentistry, Jordan After the introduction of the solid ruby lasers in1962; different lasers with different wavelengths were introduced in the dental field. The first Diode lasers were added by the oral surgeons in the early 1980s and a pulsed Er,Cr:YSGG (2,780 nm Wavelength) became commercially available in the UK in 1997. Both lasers are used nowadays side by side for different dental Treatments. The aim of this Presentation is to describe some of the many applications of Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2,780 nm Wavelength) in combination with the diode laser 980 nm in every day Clinical dentistry. The basic study tools used were the Er,Cr:YSGG (2,780 nm Wavelength) laser and diode laser 980 nm with specific recommended settings for each dental treatment. For analysis of the results i used the intraoral photographs. All patients who had shared in this study gave their formal consent and were medically fit. Preliminary findings indicate that the Er,Cr:YSGG (2,780 nm Wavelength) laser can be used successfully a lone or in combination with diode laser 980 nm as a substitute for surgical blades and Dental Handpiece; in many cases I did not experience any intra- or postoperative complications. Discussion: Both Lasers have the ability to precisely interact with tissues and avoiding the potential of collateral thermal damage. In Some clinical applications the Procedure can be done with less or even no pain. Conclusion: laser technology in dentistry has opened new possibilities and strategies as alternatives to conventional treatment.

Background Endodontic treatment is one of the most common surgical procedures in veterinary dentistry, mainly in zoo animals. Predators very often suffer from accidents. These animals are extracted from their natural environment, since this their populations are maintained in breeding programs. Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore how broken teeth could be treated in one step with a laser with a very effective method. Material & methods The treated animals; three Siberian tigers, one elephant, a lion, jaguar, wolf and a leopard. Biolitec diode laser (968 nm) was used. The necrotized root canals were cleaned with classical technics. Than the canal was filled with 2 % chlorhexidine-solution and treated by infrared diode-laser to steriliz the canal. After this procedure we filled the tooth. The laser not only sterilizes the pulp canal but also closes the vessels and biostimulates the tissue around the apex. As a result the pulp chamber can be filled immediately. Results In every case the teeth did not demonstrate any negative side effects or complications after the treatment. The patients’ symptoms were already significantly alleviated with only one treatment. Appetite and vitality improved. Discussion and Conclusion Laser treatment was found to be a very effective method in the sterilization of the pulp canal, which enabled the tooth to be filled in zoo animals. As it is important not to narcotize wild animals too many times because of the risk, laser treatment is beneficial because it allows the animals to be treated only once.

NEWER PROTOCOL FOR 940 NM DIODE LASER ASSISTED SURGICAL EXCISION OF FIBROEPITHELIAL POLYP

LASER MINIMALLY INVASIVE BACTERICIDAL APPROCH FOR THE 21 CENTURY DENTISTRY

Nitesh Tewari, Vijay P Mathur New Delhi, Delhi All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry

Roly Kornblit, DMD, DDS, Ms, Rome, Italy

Salam Alakash, MD

Background Reactive lesions of gingiva have been shown to exhibit varied features even with similar etiologic irritants. A fibro-epithelial

The microbial etiology of many oral diseases is well documented. The microbial etiology of periodontitis has been extensively studied and it has been found that it is not associated with a single microorganism, but rather

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

with a consortium of bacterial, well organized in a protective environment – the biofilm. The mechanical therapy does not manage to eliminate completely periodontal pathogens as bacterial can persist in radical cementum and dentinal tubules. The adjunctive therapies may improve the outcome of periodontal treatment but not eliminate all the pathogens. The dental caries, a disease process with multifactorial etiology where the bacterial assumes an important role, is still the most common pathology in dentistry. The traditional approach of the restorative dentistry was removing the decayed tissue using mechanical or manual instruments and the reconstruction of the residual teeth with different materials following aesthetic and functional requirements. The Fungal infection has increased dramatically in the recent years and this trend will continue in the future. The Candida Albicans, the most commonly isolated species of the genus Candida, which is the most common fungal pathogens to humans, is responsible to the majority of the superficial and systemic infection like oral candidiasis- an opportunistic infection common in old people, children and immunocompromised patients. Then, the microorganisms residing on the surfaces of implants and their prosthetic components are considered to be the primary etiologic factor for peri-implantitis. Thus, the efforts to treat peri-implantitis by achieving a complete implant surface disinfection became the periodontists main challenge. The lasers for their characteristics and mode of application can represent a different therapeutic modality, for the treatment of those oral infections. The Er:YAG laser that is used today in dentistry possesses the requirements of Minimal Invasive Dentistry. The possibility to ablate small area of infected layers, the antibacterial property, the bio stimulation effect, the tissue selective ablation and the low penetration deep are only some of the Er:YAG laser properties that guarantees good results in Laser oral infection treatments. In this lecture, the scientific evidences which makes the Er-Yag Laser the most adapted tool for treating oral infections will be describe and demonstrate

1684

FENTON REAGENT PLUS LED LIGHT 400 NM AS DISINFECTANT FOR THE ROOT CANAL G. Lagori, C. Fornaini, JP. Rocca, E. Merigo Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice, 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice, France Background Despite the progress of endodontics practice, the role of sodium hypochlorite as root canal disinfectant appears unshakable. We know that sodium hypochlorite is still unbeaten as efficient disinfectant of the root canal, but, nevertheless, we are consciousness of its toxicity and complication. The photo Fenton reaction is based on the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate and leads to the formation of hydroxyl radicals. These radicals exhibit remarkable property in promoting various biochemical reactions that interfere with bacterial and biological activity. Purpose In this study we evaluated the activity of this reaction to eradicate the bacterial species well known in endodontics named Enterococcus faecalis which is found in many root canal retreatment. Materials and Methods We compared the activity of sodium hypochlorite 5 %, Fenton reaction alone (H2O2 1.5 % + FeSO2 0.15 %), Fenton reaction plus 400 nm LED light and hydrogen peroxide 3 %. Hydroxyapatite disks were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis then exposed to disinfection for 150 seconds with agents listed above. After decontamination the disc were placed in both broth medium growth and solid medium and the different residual bacterial growth were compared. Results From these preliminary findings we observed that hydrogen peroxide and Fenton reaction were not able to eradicate Enterococcus feacalis, meanwhile disinfection Fenton reaction based plus LED light 400 nm 4 J/cm2 had shown similar result comparable with sodium hypochlorite. Discussion and conclusion This appear a good way for the root canal disinfection with similar activity and less toxicity compared to sodium hypochlorite.

ALUMINIUM PHTHALOCYANINE NANOPARTICLES FOR FD AND PDT APPLICATION IN DENTISTRY PERI-IMPLANTITIS: A MULTI WAVELENGTH APPROACH Julia Zolotareva, Dina S. Farrakhova and Victor B. Loschenov Moscow National Research Nuclear University MEPhI - Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Laser physics, Moscow, Russia The purpose of this work is studying the application сonditions of aluminum, phthalocyanine nanoparticles (nAlPc) for early diagnosis and prevention of caries. Material and Methods The water colloids of nAlPc was used for in vitro studying. For fluorescent measurements LESA-01-BIOSPEC and diode laser (632.8 nm) for fluorescence excitation of NP were used. The different surfactants (Tween 80, Propyleneglycol, Protelan MST-35, Plantacare 1200 UP and Sodium lauryl ethoxy sulfate) were used as additional activators of NP. For investigation, the samples of human teeth of various age groups were removed for various reasons. Results It was observed that the maximum fluorescence intensity (IF) of nAlPc without any surfactants appears in 60 min at interaction with enamel surface. It is to march for FD in dentistry. That is why it was decided to use surfactants as additional activators for nAlPc to reduce FD time. It was revealed that very strong IF of nAlPc appears аpproximately in 4 days after interaction with all surfactants. Also it was noted that the fluorescence wavelength of nAlPc at interaction with Sodium lauryl ethoxy sulfate is shifted to the right for 15 nm compared to others surfactants. In vitro study showed that the combined using of NP with the surfactant enables to spend FD after 3 min after application. Discussion and Conclusion Joint using of nAlPc and surfactants can allow increase the sensitivity and effectiveness FD and PDT methods in dentistry for detection not only enamel microcracks but also inflammation processes in periodontal tissue.

JP Rocca1,2, Y. Zhang2, E. Merigo1,2, Y. Zhen2, C. Fornaini1, Z. Zhao2 1 University of Nice « Sophia Antipolis », UFR Odontologie, Nice France 2Shijiazhuang 2nd Hospital, Department of Stomatology, Shijiazhuang - China Background Peri-implantitis is today a common complication due to numerous factors and research on this topic is very active because of possible health complications and, also, economic difficulties. Purpose Treatment protocols are often sophisticated, combining medication, surgery, flaps, bone grafts, membranes, etc….Unfortunately, among all the protocol proposals no one represents the key for success. Materials and Methods The combination of different laser wavelengths could represent a help, specifically: LLLT before surgical flap could help the soft tissues to heal in acceptable conditions; Once the flap has been realized, Er:YAG laser irradiation of the implant surface (100 mJ, 30 Hz) decontaminates it, by breaking the cell walls of the bacterial biofilm without damages on the implant surface (SEM observations). Moreover, Er:YAG laser may perform also the decontamination of the internal surface of the flap (peeling technique) with the aim to destroy some intra cellular bacteria (ex: Porphyromonas gingivalis). Considering that the bacterial decontamination is not absolute, photodynamic therapy (PDT) could complete the bacterial reduction. Laser biomodulation or Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) used at the end of surgery, once sutures have been realized, aims to help healing process.

1685

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

Discussion and conclusion This proposal has to be completed by numerous clinical observations including follow-up and amended if needed.

LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY, BENEFIC FOR THE BONE R E G E N E R AT I O N I N T H E T R E AT M E N T O F T H E PERIODONTAL DISEASE

LASER AND BIOSCAFFOLDS IN ORO-MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

Dana York, Azamat Butayev, Iskander Beibecov, Agafitza Lefter, Afiya Thaha, Sonia Herman, Anca Dumitriu, Mark Wolff Cannes, France

L. Cella1, E. Merigo1, C. Fornaini1, F. Clini1, N. Tinelli2, M. Fontana1, G. Lagori1, A. Oppici1 1 Odontostomatology and Maxillofacial Unit; “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, Piacenza – Italy; 2 ENT Unit; “Guglielmo da Saliceto” Hospital, Piacenza - Italy Background One of the most challenging features in oro-maxillofacial surgery is the correction of defects and scar re-gaining the tissue continuity, with functional and aesthetical correction. Bioscaffolds are gaining more and more interest in medicine due to their biologic and functional properties and Matriderm® is a bovine dermic bioscaffold conceived for orthopaedic, plastic and dermatologic purposes. Purpose The aim of this presentation is to show the advantages of the use of Matriderm® in different situations of oral laser surgery. Materials and Methods Patients with need of anatomic ablation in oral region and with a wound healing process by second intention, mucosal graft or local flaps were selected. In all the cases, a fragment of Matriderm® was grafted into the surgical defect and fixed by a rapid reabsorption suture. Results All patients treated showed a complete restitution as integrum, no early or late bleeding phenomena were found and the healing time was very shorter when compared to the traditional surgery. Discussion and Conclusion Use of Matriderm® and laser oral surgery may be considered a good approach to reduce the healing time, to improve the final result and to avoid the risk of recurrences.

LOW-LEVEL LASER THERAPY EQUIPMENT NEEDS CALIBRATION BEFORE CLINICAL USE Andre Machado de Senna, Rosa Maria Machado-de-Sena, Arseni Lázaro Facundes, Patrícia Barros Nepomuceno, Renato Erothildes Ferreira ITPAC, IFTO, UFJF, PALMAS, TO, Brazil Background Many factors can influence the radiant power delivered by the low-level laser therapy equipment, such as its state of conservation, the cleaning of the equipment, the use of plastic films for the protection of the laser and even its time of use. Radiant power is an important factor to consider because it influences the amount of energy delivered to the target tissue. The difference between real radiant power (RRP) and nominal radiant power (NRP) may interfere with the expected results, as the delivered energy will also be different from the desired energy. Purpose The objective of this study was to compare the NRP with the RRP offered by low intensity laser devices under clinical conditions of use. Material and Methods Sixty-one laser devices used in private and public dental practices in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, were evaluated. Three consecutive power measurements were performed at 1 min intervals and then the arithmetic mean of the measured po wer was calculated. The RRP was compared to the NRP. Results The equipment presented NRP from 30 to 500 mW while RRP ranged from 17.3 to 107.0 mW. Discussion and Conclusion The RRP ranged between 12.92 and 107 % of NRP. This fact is worrisome, since one of the most important parameters for the success of the treatment of an injury through the use of low intensity laser is the energy (power x time) delivered. These findings reinforce the need to calibrate the equipment before each laser application to avoid failures in the therapeutic conduct.

Subjects receiving Laser Biostimulation (LLLT) in addition with traditional treatments of periodontal disease enjoyed a better regeneration of the soft and hard. In the first 3 days, irradiation was made externally, scanning the region of the maxillaries at the level of papilla at the same dose daily. In acute cases, a dose of 4 J/cm2 was applied every two days, during the first week, two sessions/week in the second week and one session in the third week. In the following six months, one irradiation session /month was applied at the same dose. In chronic cases, the treatment was longer with smaller dose and more sessions. The results are a shorter pain recovery time, bleeding and reduced postsurgical complications (edema, inflammation and others). In addition, faster formation and maintenance of the bone regeneration of the surrounding tissues of the tooth with stabilization and mastication functions restored.

NEW APPROACH IN THERAPY OF COMPLICETED G AN G R A E NA U S I N G I N FR A R E D P H OTO DY N A MI C THERAPY Robert Szabo Min-Dent 69 Bt, Budapest, Hungary Background For local infections one treatment possibility is the aPDT. Conventional aPDTsystems have physical limitations like low light penetration and need for long irradiation time to reach necessary light dose. With new forming specific complex of methylen blue dye molecules it is possible to reach efficiant excitation processes at 810 nm. At 810 nm there is an increased light penetration depth in comparison to 670 nm. It means that we arenow able to exite the sensitizer in deeper areas and activate it transgingivally. Purpose To keep the teeth with complicated gangraena if root canal is obstructed is a great challenge. We used infrared photodynamic therapy for elimination radicular bacterial infiltration without having possibility to proceed conventional mechanical cleaning of root canals. Materials and methods We investigated 14 cases with gangraena complicata and totally or partially obstucted root canal. We deponated the sensitiser – Photolase Photolase GMBH Germany – in the pulp chamber and closed it for a week. This procedure was repeated three times. After the sensitiser penetrated we applied the light. We used G-Box 810 nm laser – Gigaa Laser China – at 0,8 W/cm2, 40s buccal and 40s oral side. Results 6 month later we performed control CBCT. Ten cases of 14 shown significant healing In case 4 of them no change was observable. Discussion and conclusion Infrared aPDT seems effective to eliminate bacterial infiltrations in deeper areas. It can be a minimal invasive tool in case of obstructed root canals.

CO MPAR ISON OF ORTHOD ONTIC BR AC KETS REBONDING: PREPARATION WITH ER:YAG LASER VERSUS CONVENTIONAL ACID ETCHING TECHNIQUE Ying Zhao, Xiaowan zheng, Lu Qin,Yuhao Bai, Chen Liang Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the re-bonding strength of orthodontic brackets and the morphological change of enamel surface after re-etching using Er:YAG laser versus phosphoric acid.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

Background data One of the problems orthodontist always faces is bracket re-bonding. The significantly decrease of bracket re-bonding strength was due to the residual resin tags on the enamel surface which is hard to be get out of by the conventional phosphoric acid etching. Materials and methods Seventy-eight extracted premolars were collected from orthodontic patients. First, 78 stainless brackets were bonded to enamel surface via conventional 35 % phosphoric acid etching, After 24 h storing in the 37 °C water, took off the brackets and cleaned up the remnant adhesive as far as possible. Then, 78 sample teeth were randomly divided into three groups (26 teeth per group), and the new brackets were re-bounded respectively via different enamel re-etching methods as follow: Group A 35 % phosphoric acid etching; Group B Er:YAG laser etching (200 mJ, 30Hz, 6/8 Water); Group C Er:YAG laser etching (250 mJ, 30Hz, 6/8 Water). After re-etching, SEM was applied to observe the morphology change of enamel surface and enamel-resin adhesive interface, AFM was used to measure the roughness and peak-peak values (P-P) of enamel surface. At the last, the SBS and ARI were measured after bracket re-bonding on the enamel surface using universal testing machine and stereo microscope. Results The large amounts of debris on the enamel surface were found in Group A. TypeIetching pattern was observed in Group B and C, with a generalized roughening enamel surface. Group C showed the highest surface roughness and there was statistically different among the three groups (P < 0.05). The largest P-P values of enamel surface and SBS were all found in the in group C, and no statistical difference (P > 0.05) was shown between group A and group B. The ARI scores of three groups had no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Conclusions Higher shear bond strength could be obtained by Er:YAG laser re-etching enamel (250 mJ, 30Hz, 6/8Water), because more typical etching pattern of the enamel surface with more rough surface in group C, compared with 35 % phosphoric acid and lower energy Er:YAG laser groups. This result supports the Er:YAG laser re-etching could be recommended as a valued method in brackets re-bonding. Key words: Er:YAG laser, re-bonding, SBS, SEM, AFM

SNORING: AN OUTPATIENT NON INVASIVE TREATMENT WITH ERBIUM: YAG LASER Isabelle Fini Storchi Studio Medico Dr. Isabelle Fini Storchi, Florence, Italy Background Snoring represents a real problem for many couples. In fact in the States it is one of the major causes of separation and divorce. It can also be a life-threatening problem because in the 15-45 % it can hide an Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), that, within some years, can lead to increased cardio-vascular, dismetabolic or cerebro-vascular disease. OSAS can also lead to a greater incidence of car accidents because of a major facility of falling asleep while driving. The surgical therapy for snoring is almost allways invasive, painful and with a high morbidity. Purpose The non-invasive outpatient Laser treatment of snoring with the aim to reduce or eliminate loudness of snoring, choking, morning sleepiness, dry mouth in the morning. Materials and Methods Forty-seven snoring patients, 55 % of which with OSAS that refused any other kind of treatment, were submitted to three Erbium:YAG Laser treatment sessions on the oropharynx. Results This treatment has shown to be effective in reducing significantly or ceasing of the loudness of snoring in the 89 % of cases, eliminating choking in 99 %, reducing morning sleepiness in 71 % and reducing morning dry mouth in 81,5 % of cases. Discussion In these lecture the study still in progress of patients treated with Erbium:YAG for snoring will be illustrated and confirms by now what literature reports about it.

1686

CONTINUOUS COOLING SYSTEM IN CONJUNCTION WITH LASER SURGERY FOR EAR RESHAPING Cheng-Jen Chang, MD, PhD, FACS Department of Plastic Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Background Local laser irradiation of area of maximal stress leads to stress relaxation, and results in a stable configuration of cartilaginous tissue. Purpose We have examined the progress of the mechanism of laserinduced stress relaxation in ear cartilage, and present recent results in laser reshaping of bat ear. Material and Methods Sixty auricles were harvested from 30 New Zealand white rabbits, and cut into a rectangle measuring 50 mm by 25 mm (x by y) with an average thickness of approximately 1.3 mm (z), and bilateral skin were included for Ex Vivo study. Continuous CSC with laser energy delivered to the exposed cartilage for reshaping. In clinical applications, from January, 2006 to December, 2016, a total of 50 patients with 100 bat ear underwent CO2 laser reshaping (otoplasty) with a male to female ration of 35:65 has been collected. The age ranged from 23 to 38 years (mean 28 years). A continuous cooling system (4 °C) in conjunction with CO2 laser was applied to make a retroauricular approached incision and reshaping of the ear cartilage. Results The well cartilage bending correlated with the different parameters demonstrated in continuous CSC protected group. Without skin burn injury, the early complications (≤1 month) related to laser for ear reshaping were 100 (100 %) swelling, 5(5 %) ecchymosis, 2(2 %) minimal hematoma, 2(2 %) scarring, 1(1 %) minor infection, 1(1 %) under correction, 1(1 %) over correction, and 1(1 %) relapse. These problems have been corrected and/or resolved after 3 months. All patients have achieved good to excellent result in our final outcome assessment (> 6 months). Conclusion Laser reshaping of tissue has a potential use in those types of surgery that involve cartilage. The appropriate conditions for laser ear reshaping clearly depend on the laser wavelength used, energy controlling, tissue optical properties, and thickness.

NEW TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PROLIFERATIVE AND OBSTRUCTIVE OTITIS EXTERNA IN DOGS WITH COMBINATION OF HARD-, PHOTODYNAMICAND LOW LEVEL LASERS Katalin Kovacs Budapest, Hungary Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Research and Techniques; Small Animal Laser Clinic, laser medicine, laser surgery Background Inflammation of the external ear canal is one of the most common diseases in dogs. Numbers of predisposing factors which render individual pets susceptible to chronic and recurrent otitis. Purpose Chronic proliferative otitis externa is often bilateral, very painful and develops in few weeks or months. The entrance of ear canal is difficult to find because of proliferation. Symptoms are shaking head, grey, yellow cerumen, pus, odour. With classic surgery the only solution is the removal of the ear canal and the base of the auricle. Material & methods The photosensitising agent was given locally, then PDT diode laser (wavelength 810 nm) was applied. Treatment was given one day before the surgery. Our technique for cutting and vaporising the inflamed tissue is performed using a CO2 laser (Lasram) 6-10 W, CW. It is a difficult area to reach with normal surgery but is easy to reach with a thin flexible diode laser optical fibre. A 980 nm wavelength surgical diode laser (Biolitec) was used, CW with 400 micrometer optical fibre. LLLTh was applied twice in the first 2 weeks, than once a week. The dogs received 6-10 treatments of infra diode laser.

1687

Results The combination of different lasers eliminate this serious and painful disease in dogs. The PD therapy reduced bacterial infection and improved conditions for surgery. Discussion and Conclusion Functional and anatomical integrity was preserved, and patients were able to continue their routine life. In each case proliferative tissue was eliminated completely. Wounds healed with original pigmentation, ear canals rebuilt.

LASER IN NOSE OBSTRUCTION: SURGICAL AND NOT SURGICAL TREATMENT OF INCREASING PROBLEM G. Bastianelli, F. Consagra, L. Longo* Studio Medico ORL Bastianelli, Firenze *Institute Laser Medicine, Florence, Italy The nose obstruction is a worldwide increasing problem. The impairment of normal breathing creates many problems to the patients, either for their normal life, either for fitness and sport performances. In many cases also the nasal obstruction can create at worse snoring and sinusites. In the last years there is a general agreement about the real increase or incidents of allergic problems, that of course have a negative impact on this surgery. The surgery of turbinates with the laser that the author performs by forty years has a favourable results in many but not in all cases. A great number of patients has recurrence of their problems and repetitive surgery can create minor and major complications. The repetitive surgery is also source of disappointment for the patients. Furthermore the allergy in some patients is not well controlled and it's well known agreement about the impact of nose obstruction on the pulmonary system. The author presents the experience of not surgical laser treatment on nose obstruction. The experience also if it’s not long time, clearly demonstrate satisfaction by the patients, less use of topical and general drugs, no complication rate and finally it's well accepted for the knowledge of this chronic problem, that sometimes cannot solve definitively but can improve his condition.

STAFF SAFETY FIRST = PATIENT SAFETY ALWAYS: USING WORKPLACE AUDIT TO ENSURE LASER SAFETY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE Penny J. Smalley, R.N., CMLSO Chicago, Illinois, USA Laser Safety Audit is the foundation for quality assurance, yet it is seldom properly implemented in the perioperative environment. This session will present the ISO (International Standards Organisation) model for safety audit which is the key to establishing and maintaining safe laser surgical practices. It is easily applied, relevant to all clinical services, and sustainable. Quality assurance depends on assessing safety management, work practices, and the learning needs of surgical team members. Once needs are established, education and training can be designed to remedy those areas needing improvement. Occupational health and safety directives around the world, require healthcare facilities to perform this task on a routine and on-going basis. Knowing what to look for and how to report and then remedy the deficits, is the basis for compliance, and for improving safe outcomes for patients. An appropriate and usable audit plan includes interview, observation, and inspection, by a person who knows and understands the clinical environment, and is responsible for assessing levels of compliance with a variety of national and international standards and

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

regulations. Interview results in the assessment of knowledge and identification of learning needs. Observation identifies whether or not staff and clinicians are aware of policy and procedure, and how their surgical practices reflect those requirements. Inspection identifies equipment, physical plant, and supplies, that fail to meet safety standards, as well as practice issues that result in damage to or mishandling of equipment, that could lead to potential hazards to personnel and patients. At the conclusion of this presentation the participant will be able to: 1. Discuss the rationale for performing routine laser safety audits in a clinical facility. 2. Identify standards and regulations as the framework for workplace audit. 3. Discuss the procedure for conducting a clinically relevant laser safety audit program KEY WORDS: audit, safety, compliance, interview, inspection, observation References: IEC 60825 and TR8; ISO 16571;European Agency for Health and Safety;EORNA guidelines; Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety

NO SMOKING IN THEATRE - IT’S TIME TO CLEAR THE AIR ! Penny J. Smalley, RN, CMLSO Chicago, Illinois, USA Global recognition of the hazards of exposure to surgical plume is now a reality. Mandates for “No Smoking” controls have been issued by governments all over the world, and apply to all workplaces and public areas. The operating theatre is the one exception to this health and safety campaign and surgical team members continue to work in an environment that contains physical, chemical, and biological inhalation hazards every single day during 95 % of all surgical procedures. Around the world, standards, professional guidelines, and regulations, recognise that the presence of surgical plume is a workplace safety hazard. It is also the consensus, that exposure to that hazard, as a result of the use of all energy based devices including lasers, diathermy, plasma generators, ultrasound devices, and RF units, is an occupational risk for perioperative personnel, and a health risk for the patients in their care. Appropriate engineering controls (plume evacuation systems) and procedural controls (work practices) should be mandated, regardless of clinical practice setting, or procedure being performed, however, there are still too many hospitals, day surgeries, and private practices that have not implemented a 100 % plume free theatres initiative. To be sure, there is a substantial body of evidence found in literature and international standards, which can be referenced in order to gain the support and collaboration of key stakeholders including risk managers, infection control officers, biomedical engineers, clinical directors, and OH&S professionals, needed to initiate plume management programs, reduce barriers to implementation, and monitor for on-going compliance. National and international standards can promote motivation for compliance, but only by working together, educating everyone, and supporting our colleagues – can we achieve our common goal and clear the air of all surgical plume in our operating theatres for ourselves and for the generations of perioperative professionals to come! This presentation will describe the known hazards, the research, and the standards based practices, needed for mitigating daily health hazards of exposure to surgical plume, whenever energy based devices are used. KEY WORDS: plume, hazards, exposure, standards, occupational health and safety

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE RED LIGHT FOR PSORIASIS: IN V I T R O S E L E C T I O N O F P H O TO B I O M O D U L ATO RY PARAMETERS Jared Jagdeo 1,2,3 , Eugene Koo 1,2 , Evan Austin 1,2 , Danielle Broadley1,2 , Ekaterina Kraeva1 , Andrew Mamalis 3, Emanual Maverakis1, Rivkah Isseroff1,2 1 Dept of Dermatology, Univ. of California Davis, 3301C Street, Sacramento,CA 95816 2Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA 95655, USA 3Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, NY, USA Background Psoriasis is an immune-mediated skin disease that clinically presents with thickened cutaneous erythematous plaques and scale. Patients with psoriasis experience functional and aesthetic impairments that lead to a decreased quality of life. The healthcare burden of psoriasis in 2013 was $35.2 billion. Psoriatic keratinocytes are characterized by hyperproliferation, lack of differentiation, and an abnormal cytokine secretion profile. The current standard of care treatment options for psoriasis include topical steroids, ultraviolet (UV) phototherapy, and systemic biologics. UV therapy of psoriasis has an inherent drawback, due to increased risk for non-melanoma skin cancers and photoaging. Thus, there is a need for safer phototherapy treatment options. Light emitting diode red light (LED-RL) is a potential safe, portable, and costeffective alternative phototherapy modality. Our lab has demonstrated that high fluence LED-RL (HF-LED-RL) has an inhibitory effect on dermal fibroblast proliferation. Thus, we hypothesized that HF-LED-RL may have an inhibitory effect on keratinocyte proliferation. Methods To test our hypothesis, we irradiated keratinocytes with either 320 or 640 J/cm2 of LED-RL from commercially available handheld units (Omnilux, Photomedex). To control for thermal effects of LED-RL, we matched our samples to an environmentally controlled sample protected from light. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) was used to stimulate hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. Keratinocytes were assayed for proliferation by cell count with trypan blue on a hemacytometer. To determine if inhibition of proliferation was caused by apoptosis, we used assayed annexin-v by flow cytometry. Psoriatic markers of keratinocytes, pSTAT3 and cytokeratin17 (K17), were measured by western blot. A 3-dimensional skin construct for epidermis (MatTek) was used to determine if HF-LEDRL could decrease the thickness of skin in an in vitro capitulated model of psoriatic epidermal thickening. All in vitro experiments were performed in HaCaTs and from 3 primary keratinocyte donors. Statistical testing was performed with ANOVA or student’s t-test (Prism). Results HF-LED-RL inhibited keratinocyte proliferation in both nonstimulated and IL-22 stimulated samples through a non-apoptotic pathway measured 48 h after HF-LED-RL treatment. Phosphorylation of STAT3 and K17 were both decreased 24 h after HF-LED-RL treatment. Skin thickness in a 3-dimensional model of epidermis was also decreased at 6 and 9 days after start of HF-LED-RL treatment. Conclusion We conclude that HF-LED-RL is capable of inhibiting keratinocyte proliferation in culture monolayers and 3-dimensional skin induced hyperproliferative skin models. Therefore, LED-RL may potentially be used to treat psoriasis. Future studies may evaluate the safety of HF-LED-RL in animal and human models of psoriasis. Another area of future study could be the impact of HF-LED-RL on immune cells such as skin T-cells, which are known mediators of skin psoriasis

MICROSCOPY WITH ULTRAVIOLET SURFACE EXCITATION (MUSE) FOR RAPID, DIAGNOSTIC-GRADE IMAGES OF SKIN BIOPSY SPECIMENS D Ho, MD1,2,3, A Ghorbani-Aghbolaghi, MD4, M Fung, MD3,4, F Fereidouni, PhD4, R Levenson, MD4, and J Jagdeo, MD, MS2,4,5 1 Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Forest Hills, Northwell Health, NY, USA; 2.Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA, USA 3Department of Dermatology, University of

1688

California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA; 4Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA; 5Department of Dermatology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA Background Dermatologists commonly perform skin biopsies to assist in the diagnosis of skin lesions. Conventional preparation of skin specimens for mounting on microscope slides is labor and time-intensive. Purpose: We describe the potential of a new imaging modality, Microscopy with Ultraviolet Surface Excitation (MUSE), to provide diagnostic-grade images that are comparable to those generated using conventional formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) processing and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. MUSE is fast, as acquisition, staining, and imaging of the skin sample can occur in 5 min or less. Materials and Methods De-identified FFPE skin samples (normal and diseased skin: basal cell carcinoma, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, and solar elastosis) were stained using commercially available staining agents, and imaged. MUSE images were compared against conventional histology that includes FFPE processing and H&E staining. Results: MUSE image of normal skin correlate well with the H&E scan. The example of basal cell carcinoma illustrates prominent nests of basaloid cells located in the dermis, with palisading cells at the periphery, a classic appearance for this tumor. MUSE images of pseudoxanthoma elasticum reveal short, wavy elastic fibers with prominent granular calcium deposits characteristically seen in this lesion. Finally, chronically sun damaged skin imaged via MUSE reveal histologic features associated with solar elastosis. Discussion and Conclusion MUSE has key features superior to conventional histology and other imaging modalities, and has the potential to revolutionize dermatology point-of-care personalized precision medicine by delivering rapid, low-cost, high-quality, diagnostic-grade images.

LASER MICROSPECTROSCOPY IN FIGHTING MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE Mihail Lucian Pascu1,2,*, Ruxandra Pirvulescu3, Ionut Relu Andrei1, Mihai Boni1,2, Tatiana Tozar1, Adriana Smarandache1, Agota Simon1,2 1 National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Laser Department, Bucharest, Romania 2University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Bucharest, Romania 3University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Emergency University Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinic, Bucharest, Romania Laser microspectroscopy constitutes a field which generates new applications in technological and biomedical domains. It is based on the fact that the spectral information and the optical data related to it are obtained from a particular target that originates in the volume described by the focus of a laser beam within the target. In standard spectroscopy the information is gathered from large volume (some mL) samples. If the focus is positioned within a liquid sample, its volume is of the order of microliters or even smaller and the material existing around the focus can “viciate” the signals emitted by the material in the focus. This happens typically in measurements of laser induced fluorescence or Raman signals originating from the interaction volume; the liquid around the focus may absorb the Raman and/or fluorescence radiation emitted from focus so that, at the end, one may measure radiation that loses a part of the information emitted by the material in the focus. Speaking about liquids, for biomedical applications, in microspectroscopy are used as targets droplets which are generated in surrounding media that confine them. Typically, these are pendant droplets in air that may contain solutions of medicines. In this paper, are reported data about droplets’ interaction with laser beams with applications in biomedicine. There two main directions of research that generate results reported in this paper.

1689

First, is to expose the droplet to a laser beam usually, (but not exclusively) emitted in ultraviolet in order to modify by resonant interaction the molecular content of the droplet that is a solution of medicine such as phenothiazines or hydantoins in water in which once exposed to 266 nm laser beam the most part of medicines molecules are destroyed and new photoproducts are generated. These photoproducts show, if kept in the irradiated cocktails, bactericide and/or tumoricide effects, measured respectively on cell /bacterial cultures and pseudotumour tissues. Such results are reported in this paper. The second direction along which results were obtained is the generation of micrometric and nanometric liquid bullets from droplets containing solution through unresonant interaction with laser radiation. This kind of interaction may generate a technique to deliver solutions of medicines to biological targets.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

important for straight decision making pathology groups was applied for specific age periods and gender groups. Pathology group’s discrimination accuracy expressed as balanced accuracy BA = (SE + SP)/2. Results At first level medical setting Normal from Pathological group discrimination in liquid cervical smear for >44 year women BA = 0, 89, <44 year - BA = 0, 82. Inflammation group from other for >44 year discrimination BA = 0, 81, <44 year - BA = 0, 76. CIN3 CIS from other for >44 year discrimination BA = 0, 90. In surgery settings vertebral disc specimen degeneration level 3 from level 4 groups for <45 year women discrimination BA =0, 86, >45 year degeneration level 3 from level 4+ 5 groups - BA = 0, 88. In man degeneration level 3 from 4 + 5 discrimination BA = 0, 78. Degeneration vs Modic lesion in <45 year women discrimination BA = 0, 88, <60 year man Degeneration vs Modic lesion - BA = 0, 88. Fluorescence spectroscopy enables discrimination of significant pathology groups in natural biological specimen at the point of care and it further massive employment in remote regions is reliable

A SUTURELESS CONDUCTIVE PATCH FOR ENHANCING THE CARDIAC ELECTRIC SIGNAL Damia Mawad, PhD New South Wales University of New South Wales, Materials Science Sydney, Australia Background Injured electroresponsive tissues malfunction because the propagation of the bioelectric signal along the damaged tissue is interrupted. Organic bioelectronics based on conjugated polymers (CPs) are being explored to restore the electric signal. However, the clinical application of CPs has been mainly hindered by their short term operational lifetime. Purpose We aimed to develop a flexible bioelectronic that addresses the aforementioned limitation. Materials and Methods A free standing patch doped with small anion was fabricated. The chemical components of the patch permitted adhesion to tissue by light activation. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to investigate how the conductive patch interacts with tissues. Results and Discussion In a simple fabrication process, we developed a free- standi ng c onductive pa tch t hat i s flexible (Yo ung ’s Modulus = 6.73 ± 1.14 MPa), and has a conductive surface (0.162 ± 0.043 S /cm). After two weeks incubation, the patch was capable of maintaining a low in situ resistance (35.85 ± 9.40 kΩ/sq), and a doped state confirmed by XPS and UV-Vis analysis. After attaching the conductive patch to the cardiac wall, the conduction velocity of infarcted hearts was enhanced by 25 %. In vivo investigations showed that the patch did not induce any proarrythmogenic effect on the heart and that the photoadhesion is a safe and effective technique to anchor the patch on heart tissue. Conclusion We have developed a conductive patch with enhanced electronic biostability, demonstrated effect on the electrophysiology of the heart, and photoadhesive properties. References: Mawad D.et. al., Science Advances. 2016, 2, e1601007.

GE ND ER AND AGE R EL AT ED PE CU LI AR IT IE S O F FLUORESCENCE IN MEDICAL SAMPLES Aurelija Vaitkuviene, I. Ciplys, D. Varanius, V. Gegzna, R. Kurtinaitiene, J.V. Vaitkus Vilnius University, Applied Sciences Dept, Vilnius, Lithuania Fluorescence spectroscopy based diagnostic is a tool for personalized medicine realization in practice. Technology is of minimal dimension, virtually managed, highly sensitive to biological tissue molecule fluctuation and variation in vivo and in vitro. Specialized computer programs empower use such type of medical devices “at point of care”. Data on fluorescence spectroscopy diagnostic in cervical cancer prevention and vertebral disc intra operative evaluation presented here. Materials Fluorescence spectra obtained by portable spectroscope. Special computer program for discrimination in between two most

EXPLORATORY AND CLASSIFICATORY ANALYSIS FOR MEDICAL SPECIMENS’ SPECTROSCOPIC SIGNALS OBTAINED BY LASER EXCITATION Juozas Vaitkus1, V. Gegzna1&2, I. Ciplys1&2, O. Kurasova3, R. Kurtinaitiene4, A. Vaitkuviene1, G. Dzemyda3 1 Institute of Applied Research, 2Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, 3Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Vilnius University, 4 Santaros Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania Background Fluorescence signals of medical tissues contain information about the tissues in molecular level, and it is promising tool for diagnostics. Purpose To implement ROC (receiver-operating-characteristic) based algorithm, and determine if this information is diagnostically valuable to distinguish between any pair of medical conditions. Material and Methods Fluorescence spectra obtained were obtained from liquid smears of the uterine cervix. The spectra were pre-processed including normalization, noise reduction, calculation of spectroscopic derivatives and principal components (PCs). The spectra, their derivatives, PCs of spectra as well as PCs of spectral derivatives were compared in each pair of medical groups. Ten times repeated three-fold cross-validation applied to avoid overfitting. Statistical measures of performance including Cohen’s kappa and balanced accuracy calculated to determine the ability to discriminate between the compared groups. The results were plotted as “statistical measure of performance versus wavelength” plots to explore, which spectral regions are most important for discrimination. Results Age, spectrum shape, sample color were accounted, and, e.g., average balanced accuracy (BA) up to 0.78, kappa = 0.43 achieved comparing Normal-vs-Other; BA = 0.79, kappa = 0.59 achieved in separating CIN(grade 2 or higher) vs. other groups, in age above 45 years group (18 samples in total). Cervicitis vs other separated with BA = 0.79, kappa = 0.38 in under 45 years age group, and in the subset of visually whitish samples with BA = 0.86 kappa = 0.61 (any age, 20 samples in total). Discussion and Conclusion The ROC analysis based method for spectroscopic data may be a convenient tool to explore fluorescence spectra for automatic diagnostic purposes.

NON-CONTACT PROCEDURE TO MEASURE HEART AND LUNG ACTIVITIES IN PRETERM PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH SKIN DISORDERS L. Scalise1, P. Marchionni1, V.P. Carnielli1, E.P. Tomasini1 Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

1

Background The use of non-contact measurement methods for the assessment of relevant physiological parameters in hospitalised patients is a

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

research theme of relevance since many years. In the last decade, the performances of low power, laser-based methods (such as the vibrocardiography VCG) have been deeply demonstrated also in clinical scenarios [1-7]. Precise measurement of the heart rate in healthy adult subjects [2,3] as well as in intensive care unit preterm patients [4, 5] have been reported with accuracies < 5 %. VCG has been also proved to be valid for the assessment of the respiratory activity and its combined use for heart and lung activity assessment has been also demonstrated [5,7]. Purpose In this paper, the authors report on a relevant case study based on the use of VCG on a paediatric patient affected by sever skin disorders. Materials and methods Such pathologies did not allow the application of standard electrocardiographic (ECG) electrodes for the standard cardiorespiratory monitoring in order to avoid relevant damage to the patient's skin. Results We have therefore performed the cardio-respiratory monitoring of the patient by means of the VCG method allowing a continuous data acquisition and visualization of some fundamental parameters such as: instantaneous heart rate (IHR), heart rate variability (HRV), maximum, minimum and mean heart rate (M_HR,m_HR and a_HR), instantaneous respiration rate (IRR), respiration block (RB). Discussion Patient monitoring by VCG has been carried out for a period of 2 days and it was the only applicable measurement method in relation to the patient conditions. References: [1] Tomasini E.P., Pinotti M., Paone N., “Carotid artery pulse wave measured by a laser vibrometer”, Proc. SPIE of the third international conference on vibration measurements by laser techniques: advances and applications, vol. 3411, p. 611–616 (1998) [2] Scalise L., Morbiducci U., “Non-contact cardiac monitoring from carotid artery using optical vibrocardiography”, Medical Eng. and Physics, vol. 30 (4), pp. 490-497 (2008, [3] G Cosoli, L Casacanditella, E P Tomasini and L Scalise The non-contact measure of the heart rate variability by laser Doppler vibrometry: comparison with electrocardiography. Measurement Science and Technology, 27 065701, 2016. [4] P Marchionni, L Scalise, I Ercoli, EP Tomasini. An optical measurement method for the simultaneous assessment of respiration and heart rates in preterm infants. Review of Scientific Instruments, 84, 12, 2013. [5] L Scalise, I Ercoli, P Marchionni, EP Tomasini. Measurement of respiration rate in preterm infants by laser Doppler vibrometry. IEEE Proceedings of the Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA), 2011. [6] L. Scalise. Non Contact Heart Monitoring. In: Advances in Electrocardiograms - Methods and Analysis, InTech ed., 2012.[7] Abbas A., Heimann K., Jergus K., Orlikowsky T., Leonhardt S. ‘Neonatal noncontact respiratory monitoring based on real-time infrared thermography’, Biomed. Eng. Online, 2011

CHITOSAN ADHESIVE SCAFFOLDS FOR TISSUE REPAIR AND STIMULATION Antonio Lauto*, PhD, Samuel Frost** *The Biomedical Engineering and Neuroscience Group, Western Sydney University, NSW Australia **School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, NSW Australia Background Extracellular matrices (ECMs) are currently applied during reconstructive surgery to improve tissue regeneration and remodelling. Sutures and staples are used to fix ECMs to tissue although they can be invasive for the host tissue. Purpose Photochemical tissue bonding is a sutureless and less invasive technique, which cannot be coupled to ECMs because of their intrinsic opacity to light. Our study aims to overcome the ECM opacity. Materials and Methods We have recently succeeded in fabricating a biocompatible and adhesive device that is based on ovine forestomach matrix (OFM) and a chitosan adhesive. Results The OFM-chitosan device is semitransparent having an attenuation length of ~90 μm, and can be photoactivated by green light for tissue bonding. The OFM-chitosan device does not require the application of sutures or staples and can achieve a bonding strength of ~23 kPa.

1690

Conclusion The OFM-chitosan device overcomes the ECM opacity allowing strong photo-adhesion to tissue.

LASER SYNTHESIS OF HYBRID NANOPARTICLES FOR BIOMEDICINE H. Avetissian, A.A. Lalayan Yerevan State University, Physics Dept, Yerevan, Armenia The extraordinary properties of size-tunable nanoparticles (NPs) have given rise to their widespread applications in Nanophotonics, Biomedicine, Plasmonics etc. Pure semiconductor and metal NPs have found a number of significant applications in the modern biomedicine due to ultrasmall sizes (1–10 nm) and the size-dependent flexibility of their optical properties. In the present work two types of passive Q-switched Nd:YAG pulsed lasers: nanosecond, with pulse duration of 8 ns, and picosecond with pulse duration of 30 ps were used to synthesize hybrid NPs by method of laser ablation in different liquids. For cases of hybrid metal NPs we demonstrated that plasmon resonance can be modified and tuned from the plasmon resonances of pure metal spherical NPs. The shifted plasmon resonance frequency at 437 nm for Au–Ag hybrid NPs, and 545 nm for Au–Cu hybrid NPs have been observed. The luminescence properties of the colloidal hybrid Si–Ni nanoparticles system fabricated in pure water by pulsed laser ablation is also considered. The redshifted photoluminescence of this system has been registered in the blue range of the spectrum because of the Stark effect in the Coulomb field of the charged Ni nanoparticles. Summarizing, the knowledge of peculiarities of optical properties of hybrid NPs is very important for biomedical applications. More complex nanoassemblies can be easily constructed by the presented technique of laser synthesis of colloidal QDs including complexes of NPs of different materials. This work was supported by the State Committee of Science MES RA, project № SCS 15T‐1C013.

DIABETES DETECTION BASED ON SERUM SAMPLES RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY Jose Gonzalez, J. L. González-Solís, J. R. Villafan-Bernal, S. SánchezEnriquez Lagos De Morena, Jalisco Centro Universitario De Los Lagos, Universidad De Guadalajara, Raman Spectroscopy, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Background In 2014, according to World Health Organization, at least 422 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes. According to the current definition, two fasting plasma glucose measurement above 126 mg/dL is considered diagnostic for diabetes mellitus. In this work, we propose to the Raman spectroscopy as a new technique for the detection of this degenerative disease. Raman spectroscopy is a vibrational technique which provides information about the chemical structure of a sample. Purpose Type 2 diabetes mellitus detection. Material and Methods The serum samples were obtained from 14 patients who were clinically diagnosed with diabetes and 20 healthy volunteer. The imprint was put under the microscope and several points were chosen for Raman measurement using a Jobin-Yvon LabRAM Raman Spectrometer with a laser of 830 nm. Raw spectra were processed by carrying baseline correction, smoothing and normalization and then analyzed using principle component analysis (PCA). Results It is shown that the serum samples from patients with diabetes and control can be discriminated when PCA method is applied to their Raman spectra. The peaks at 1459 (glucose), 1426, 1615 (tryptophan), 1479 (guanine), 1668 (glutathione) and

1691

1723 cm-1 (fructose) correspond to the biomolecules that allow discriminating the diabetes samples from the control. Discussion and Conclusion The preliminary results suggest that Raman spectroscopy could be a fast and novel technique for the diabetes detection with high sensitivity and specificity using just blood samples. The main biomolecules, marking the differences between control and type 2 diabetes mellitus samples, were identified.

AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF FLUORESCENCE AND O P T I C A L D I F F U S I O N S P E C T R O S C O P Y D ATA I N NEUROONCOLOGY Tatiana Savelieva, Ph GPI RAS Moscow, Russia The relevance of automatic classification in glioma neurosurgery is due to the high heterogeneity of this type of tumors. Characteristic signs of tumor tissue (high proliferative status, hypoxia, high density of nuclei and cells, myelin destabilization) can be determined using optical spectroscopy methods. But the tissue in the area of interest may possess not all distinctive features and a full-fledged intraoperative analysis must take into account their complex. In this work, on the basis of more than 200 glial tumors neurosurgical removal, conducted in the Burdenko Research Institute of Neurosurgery, a cluster analysis of the in vivo spectroscopic data was carried out. Based on the results of the work of a number of clusterization algorithms, an clustering was chosen, most relevant to the conclusions of the pathomorphological examination. On the test data array, an automatic classification algorithm was verified.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

LASERS LIGHT& DRUGS, COMBINED OR COMPERED, FOR PDT & LPL THERAPY Farouk Al Watban, PhD Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia KFSH&RC,WALA, Medical Laser Review article in KFSH&RC from 1982 to 2016 using Lasers light, and Drugs, like HPD, SolcoserylTM, PolygenTM and RegranexTM, for PDT & LPLT. Using Argon pumped dye laser 630 nm, and Diode 633 nm (PDT 633/2 W model), with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) cream as a topical photo-sensitizer, and our own preparation HPD, as active photo sensitizer, both produce singlet oxygen species, a treatments specified with high therapeutic ratio, using C3H & Nude mice’s, Rif-1(fibro-sarcoma) & Undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma (UTC) cells respectively. Complete eradications for tumor size up to 50 mm3, a delay for above 90 mm3, no effect to tumor higher than 887 mm3, with respect to HPD & C3H mice (132 mW/cm2, irradiation time of 14 min and dose of 100 J/ cm2,600 micron fiber). For ALA &Nude mice the % of tumor growth delay,48, 55, and 51 on 7,14 and 21 days respectively (71 mW /cm2, irradiation time of 14 min and dose of 60 J/cm2, 400 micron fiber). In Wound & Burn Healing, exploring the LPLT, using several lasers, with Sprague Dawely rats. Investigating the macroscopic Dosimetry required to achieve Stimulations (accelerations in healings), zero-Bioactivation (no effects), and Inhibitions (decelerations in healings), as dose dependent. Comparisons /or combining with pharmaceutical creams. Laser effects in these applications supersede pharmacological products, gives little or no enhancing, when combined. Comparing the Drugs with LED, Diode, and gas laser. The healings of diabetic patients reached to accelerations converting diabetic negative, to normal healing, and +8 % gain for only laser

ADJUNCTIVE INDICATIONS OF 830 nm LED-LLLT FOR THE AESTHETIC SURGEON LASER TISSUE INTERACTION R Glen Calderhead Clinique L Dermatology, Goyang, South Korea In the past decade, phototherapy with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has attracted a great deal of attention with an increasing body of evidence proving efficacy and demonstrating mechanisms of action. Low level light therapy (LLLT) with LEDs at the wavelength of 830 nm offers many applications as monotherapy, but probably even more exciting is the ability to use LED-LLLT as an adjunct to existing surgical and nonsurgical approaches. Deep-penetrating near infrared energy has the powerful ability to enhance wound healing, even in wounds which have proved resistant to other modalities, to increase local blood flow, limit bruising and reduce oedema, erythema and pain. Because of this, LED-LLLT at the 830 nm wavelength can be used after any existing aesthetic procedure: from mild microdermabrasion, vitamin iontophoresis and mesotherapy, platelet-rich-plasma applications, through fractional ablative and nonablative skin rejuvenation all the way to invasive surgical approaches such as full-face ablative laser resurfacing and rhytidectomies. Wound healing is enhanced and accelerated, by as much as one-half of the normal period: prophylaxis against scarring is also part of the 830 nm-mediated effect, in addition to eliminating bruising and dramatically reducing oedema, erythema and pain. The basis for the success of near-IR LED-LLLT lies in its affinity for the wound healing cells at all three stages of wound healing, and also for photoactivation of the epidermal keratinocytes to ensure that patients see improvements in the epidermis in addition to the ones they can’t see in the dermis. This obviously results in happier patients. Mechanisms will be discussed and some clinical examples shown. LED phototherapy systems are comparatively inexpensive because of the technology on which they are based, but the potential buyer should always be aware that criteria exist regarding wavelength and intensity which must be met before LED-LLLT can fulfill its full potential as an excellent adjunctive tool for the aesthetic and cosmetic clinician.

Khalil A. Khatri, MD Skin & Laser Surgery Center of New England Boston, MA, USA Background Laser and light devices are in more common use then they were 20 years ago. Many non-physicians are using these devices including estheticians, hair dressers and others. Most of them are trained by the Laser Industry sales people who show the users how to turn the machine on and how to use it. They never learn the basic concepts of lasers/light and how it interacts with the tissue and produces effective results and avoid complications. Material and Methods The basics of laser and light and how it interacts with various tissues and chromospheres will be reviewed. Results It will be presented that how the knowledge of laser tissue interaction can affect the results and outcome of laser/light treatment Conclusion Most laser/light operators never learn the basic concepts of lasers/light and how it interacts with the chromophore and produces positive results while avoiding complications. All laser/light users must be educated about these basic concepts.

ROLE OF TRANSCUTANEOUS BLOOD PHOTOMODIFICATION IN THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS AND ONCOLOGICAL SAFETY OF POLYCHROMATIC VISIBLE AND INFRARED LIGHT OF SUN (480-3400 nm) K.A. Samoilova Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia One of the main peculiarities of phototherapy with visible (VIS) and infrared (IR) light of laser and non-laser sources is its efficacy at the

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

treatment of diseases of quite different etiopathogenesis. Variety of therapeutic effects is a result of wide spectrum of positive functional changes in the organism, that develop not only in the irradiated zone (locally), but also in remote tissues and organs, i. e., at the systemic level. For many years it remained unclear how the administration of laser light upon a small area of the body surface could lead to development of great variety of systemic effects. Also was unknown whether polychromatic VIS + IR light - dominant optical radiation of Sun has the same therapeutic activity. We made an attempt to solve these problems, using Swiss phototherapeutic device “Bioptron-2”, generating VIS + IR light similar by spectral content (480-3400 nm) and power density (40 mW/cm2) to solar radiation in summer day in Central Europe. According to our conception on penetrating skin, VIS and IR light reaches subepidermal dense network of blood microvessels and directly affects the small volume of blood circulating in superficial microvessels at a relatively low rate. Simulating situation in vivo (after percutaneous light administration) by mixing in vitro 1 volume of the directly photoirradiated blood with 10-100 times bigger volume of the intact autologous blood. We had proved, that the photomodified blood is able to “transfer” the lightinduced changes to much bigger volume of the intact autologous blood. As a consequence, changes of all cells and many plasma components are developing in the whole pool of circulating blood, which leads to development of many systemic effects: improvement of rheological properties and transport functions of erythrocytes and blood as a whole, enhancement of microcirculation due to activation of NO syntase and increase of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, activation of anticoagulant and fibrynolytic systems, disaggregation of platelets, activation of all types of leucocytes, downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α) and upregulation of anti- inflammatory cytokines (IL10, TGF-β). Cultivation of human fibroblasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells in presence of serum of volunteers after course of their light treatments significantly enhanced their proliferation, but in parallel inhibited proliferation of several lines of human tumor cells. Moreover, we observed deceleration of the tumor growth rate after course of photoirradiation of tumor - bearing mice, which could be induced by soluble factors of transcutaneouly photomodified blood. Taken together the above data suggest in favor of oncological safety of VIS + IR light.

N A N O T E C H N O L O G Y A N D L I G H T F O R P. A C N E S TREATMENT L. Longo*, O. Sheykh*, A. Gedanken, A. Lipovsky, D. Fixler, I. Yariv and R. Lubart Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, *Institute Laser Medicine, Firenze, Italy Background Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes skin wounds. Recently the PACT-Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy which uses a combination of a photosensitizing (PS) drug and visible light has been suggested for P. acnes treatment. In the present study we chose Methylene Blue (MB) as the PS drug. MB is known as a photosensitizer dye with a very low toxicity serving as a significant histological stain in pharmacology and microbiology. To overcome the limited penetration of the MB to the tissue and the bacteria, we suggest in the present work to use nano particles of the MB. Study Design/Materials and Methods The size of the nano MB was characterized using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) analysis. The antibacterial property of the nano MB relatively to intact MB was examined using Electron Spin Resonance spectroscopy (ESR). In order to evaluate the penetration depth of the nano MB into skin, a new noninvasive method known as an optic iterative technique based on the Gerchberg-Saxton (G-S) algorithm was used. The clinical study included 20 female patients with facial severe acnes wounds for at least one year. Ten women served as control. The nano MB

1692

cream prepared at the Bar Ilan University, was applied on the whole face 5 min before irradiation with an IPL machine at 590-1100 nm, 40 J/cm2. The treatment was repeated 6 times. The control group was treated with topical antibiotics. Results The skin penetration depth of the nano sized MB was found to be greater than that of the intact MB. The photosensitization capability of the nano MB was found significantly greater than that of intact MB which makes it a better antibacterial drug. Clinical results were significant after six sessions, and remained satisfactory for one year. Conclusion We believe that the use of nano- sized MB together with IPL irradiation should be an effective treatment for P. acnes in the active phase, without any side effect.

DOPPLER LASER IMAGING PREDICTS RESPONSE TO TOPICAL MINOXIDIL IN THE TREATMENT OF FEMALE PATTERN HAIR LOSS A. Goren1, J. McCoy2, M. Kovacevic2, M. Situm2, A. Stanimirovic2, Z. Bolanca2 1 Applied Biology, Inc., Irvine, CA 92614, USA 2 Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Rome "G.Marconi", Rome, Italy Topical minoxidil is the only drug approved by the US FDA for the treatment of female pattern hair loss. Unfortunately, following 16 weeks of daily application, less than 40 % of patients regrow hair. Several studies have demonstrated that sulfotransferase enzyme activity in plucked hair follicles predicts topical minoxidil response in female pattern hair loss patients. However, due to patients' discomfort with the procedure, and the time required to perform the enzymatic assay it would be ideal to develop a rapid, non-invasive test for sulfotransferase enzyme activity. Minoxidil is a pro-drug converted to its active form, minoxidil sulfate, by sulfotransferase enzymes in the outer root sheath of hair. Minoxidil sulfate is the active form required for both the promotion of hair regrowth and the vasodilatory effects of minoxidil. We thus hypothesized that laser Doppler velocimetry measurement of scalp blood perfusion subsequent to the application of topical minoxidil would correlate with sulfotransferase enzyme activity in plucked hair follicles. In this study, plucked hair follicles from female pattern hair loss patients were analyzed for sulfotransferase enzyme activity. Additionally, laser Doppler velocimetry was used to measure the change in scalp perfusion at 15, 30, 45, and 60 min, after the application of minoxidil. In agreement with our hypothesis, we discovered a correlation (r = 1.0) between the change in scalp perfusion within 60 min after topical minoxidil application and sulfotransferase enzyme activity in plucked hairs. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the feasibility of using laser Doppler imaging as a rapid, non-invasive diagnostic test to predict topical minoxidil response in the treatment of female pattern hair loss.

COMBINATION OF LASER AND CELL TECHNOLOGIES IN CORRECTION OF INVOLUTION DYSTROPHIC CHANGES Tsepkolenko V.A., Tsepkolenko A.V. Institute of Plastic Surgery «Virtus» Odessa, Ukraine Laser technologies have confidently entered all areas of modern medicine. They represent one of the most popular method of correction skin aging changes. However, in spite of distinct advantages of lasers in esthetic medicine, the issues of achieving real skin rejuvenation results avoiding complications remain relevant. Therefore, the aim of our work is the development of methods that intensify skin regeneration processes by means of laser and cell technologies. We studied over 300 patients (hydratation, greasiness, electroconductivity, blood flow and sonographic skin parameters), divided into groups

1693

depending on the degree of aging changes intensity according to the classification of O.S. Panova. As a result, we identified the following regularities of ageing changes such as: decreased hydro-reserve, alteration of three-dimensional skin structure, related to the decreased dermal level of collagen and elastin, decreased microcirculation, decreased number and degradation of skin cells quality. In this regards, we developed a complex approach considering individual characteristics of aging changes. Its main components are represented by the succession of steps: • Reconstruction of dermal volume and skin hydro-reserve; • Application of fractional photothermolysis as one of the stages of tissue regeneration which helps concentration of nutrient substances, necessary for the subsequent treatment; • Administration of autologous dermal fibroblasts. The suggested approach helps to avoid complications and achieve real results. Skin regeneration is the outcome of complex and multi-element therapy, including laser and cell technologies.

CORRECTION OF CICATRICIAL SKIN DEFORMITIES BY MEANS OF LASER AND CELL TECHNOLOGIES

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

possibility to excite these nano-particles with NIR irradiation in order to enhance their antimicrobial activity was also tested. Results and Discussion We found that both, 940 nm LED and 808 nm laser diode stimulate the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in water suspensions of ZnO nano-particles. NIR illumination also enhanced the antibacterial activity of the nano-particles. Since the NIR photon frequency is too low to bridge the energy gap of ZnO, the excitation can only be attributed to overtone and combination band excitation of water. The resulting ROS production is due to the catalytic effect of the ZnO nano-particles. Conclusion ZnO nano-particles combined with NIR illumination can be used for sterilization purposes and thus for treating infected wounds. Using NIR has a considerable advantage over blue light since its penetration depth into the skin is better, thus allowing treating deep-lying, severely infected wounds.

PLANTAR WARTS (VERRUCAE PLANTARIS) TREATED BY CO2 LASER: Single-surgeon Experience gained with 1855 cases during 16 years Ohad Baruchin MD1'2 & Abraham M. Baruchin MD1 Laser Clinic, Assuta University Medical Center, Ashdod, Israel 2 Department of Ob/Gyn, Assaf Harofeh University Medical Center, Zerifin.Israel [email protected] 1

Tsepkolenko Anna Institute of Plastic Surgery «Virtus» Odessa, Ukraine Dermatovenerologist, chief of the regenerative, laser and phototechnologies department, “Laser technologies” course instructor at the European school of aesthetic medicine of USEM Institute of esthetic medicine “Virtus”, Odessa, Ukraine. Skin scars are quite widely spread cosmetic defect. Most frequent reasons of the problem caused by skin burns, injuries and surgical invasions. Fractional photothermolysis is innovative laser technology of correcting skin scarring defects which helps to smoothen and improve skin surface relief. Clinical studies of fractional laser photothermolysis application for skin scarring defects treatment demonstrate the skin texture improvement observed after 3-7 procedures with 2-4 weeks interval. Dermal fibroblasts autotransplantation stimulates dermal microstructure rehabilitation resulting in skin turgor, elasticity and thickness enhancement as well as decreased depth of skin scarring deformities. Complex therapy by means of autofibroblasts and PRP facilitates dermal volume, dermal microcirculation and dermal cell composition restoration.

NIR ILLUMINATION INDUCES ROS FORMATION BY ZNO NANO-PARTICLES IN AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS H. Friednann, U. Dotan and R. Lubart, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel [email protected] Background In recent years nano-metaloxides which penetrate easily into cells have been of special interest due to their higher chemical reactivity as compared to that of similar materials in the bulk form. Of particular interest is nano-ZnO, which has been known for its bactericidal properties. Electron-spin resonance measurements revealed that ZnO nano-particles stimulate ROS production in water suspensions. A remarkable enhancement of the ROS was found following illumination with blue light. Illumination also enhanced the antibacterial activity of the ZnO nanoparticles. Since the penetration depth of blue light into the skin is low, we examined in this work whether near infrared (NIR) irradiation (940 and 808 nm) also generates ROS in nanoparticles of ZnO increasing their antibacterial properties. Materials and Methods Electron-spin resonance (ESR) coupled with spin trap technique was used to examine the ability of ZnO nanoparticles water suspensions to produce ROS by NIR irradiation. The

Background Viral warts (Verrucae vulgaris) are the most common diseases caused by human papillomaviruses (HPVs), in children and adults as well. Plantar Warts (Verrucae plantaris, PW) are widely treated as other viral warts in a variety of ways e.g. liquid nitrogen, cryotherapy, diathermy and various types of surgery, which are usually effective for common warts. Plantar Warts (PW) are widely treated as other viral warts in a variety of ways, which are effective for common warts However, PW, in contrast to other HPV infections, are a recalcitrant problem faced by dermatologists, podiatrists, plastic surgeons and other practitioners who treats skin diseases. The fact that PW are more refractory to treatment than common warts, explains the plethora of existing modalities for treatment of PW, few are effective while other selling just empty promise of curing, a specific therapy of choice has not been developed as yet. Doctors are faced with a challenge, especially in the treatment of recalcitrant warts. Material And Methods We conducted a retrospective survey of the medical records of patients with PW treated with CO2 Laser by a single surgeon (1), between October 1999 through December 2016, at the Barzilai University outpatient Laser clinic Ashkelon, Israel. Results 1855 patients with PW were treated with CO2 Laser, the same surgeon operated on all patients with the same technique. A laser energy density of 8 to 12 J/cm2 with a spot size of 5 mm and pulse duration of 450 microseconds were used. The minimum follow-up period was 6 months. Overall success rates were 80 % (1484 PW); overall failure rate was 20 % (371 PW). Pain and other side effects were minimal. Mild scarring occurred in 2 % (37 patients). Conclusions CO2 Laser treatment is an effective and safe alternative therapy for curing PW, with few side effects and a low long-term

NEW PERSPECTIVES IN PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY: A N E W P R O T O C O L F O R T H E T R E AT M E N T O F ONYCHOMYCOSIS C. Pedrinazzi1, L. Longo2, J. Houang3, A. Lauto3 1 University of Pavia, Italy 2IALMS,International Academy Laser Medicine and Surgery, Florence, Italy 3University of Western Sidney, Australia Background Onychomycosis is a common infection of the finger or toenails, predominantly caused by Trichophyton Rubrum. Treatment is

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

complex and requires long courses of systemic and topical antimycotic drugs. The main pitfalls in conventional therapy are high recurrence rate, interaction with other drugs, treatment compliance and toxic side effects.. In recent years treatments with laser sources opened a new field of research and, to date, long pulse Nd-Yag 1064 nm is the only approved treatment for human onychomycosis, even if its efficacy is under scrutiny. A recent in vitro study has demonstrated the high efficacy of the photodynamic effect of rose Bengal on spore suspensions of T. Rubrum. Rose Bengal was able to induce a fungicidal effect on T. rubrum when photosensitized with the fluence of 228 J/cm2 by a green laser (λ = 532 nm). Purpose In this study, we describe our experience on selected patients affected by toenails onychomycosis, and treated with this innovative photodynamic protocol. Materials and Methods A topical application of a solution of Rose Bengal diluited at 140 μM was applied for 30 min and therefore irradiated with a 532 nm diode laser (Eufoton LASEmaR 500) at 0.5 W for 5 min. Treatment was repeated every three weeks. Fungal cultures were tested before starting the protocol and after the last photodynamic session to demonstrate complete clearance of T. Rubrum. Discussion and Conclusion Fungal clearance, no significant side effects and good compliance were observed in all patients. These outcomes show that the rose bengal treatment is a potential new cure for T. rubrum infections.

1694

Background Vitiligo is a complex hypopigmentary disorder affecting about 0.1-2 % of the world population. Many treatments have been proposed but all of them resulted in sub-optimal repigmentation. Materials and Methods We report a retrospective study of 37 (20 females, 17 males) patients affected by Vitiligo vulgaris with skin involvement < 15 %, aged 23 to 59. All patients had been treated with Laser Fraxel Herbium (Valseriana, Italy) four times per month for 9 months. Forty-six percent of the subjects also received oral Fibroblast Growth Factor 4CH and Interleukin 10 4CH (10 fg/ml, Guna Italy). Results All patients with Vitiligo vulgaris showed > 75 % repigmentation after Laser Fraxel Herbium treatment. Patients receiving both Laser Fraxel Herbium treatment and oral administration of Fibroblast Growth Factor 4CH and Interleukin 10 4CH reported a overall repigmentation > 88 % of the affected areas. No side effects have been reported. Conclusion Data show that Laser Fraxel Herbium is a safe and effective treatment for Vitiligo vulgaris. Oral administration of Fibroblast Growth Factor 4CH plus Interleukin 10 4CH in association with Laser Fraxel Herbium treatment significantly increased the repigmentation rate after 9 months treatment. We propose the association of Laser Fraxel Herbium and oral Fibroblast Growth Factor 4CH plus Interleukin 10 4CH to Vitiligo sufferers in consideration of the efficacy and safety of the associated treatment.

LASER AND COSMETICS MINIMALLY INVASIVE METHODS Gloriana Assalti, Pharm D Servizio di medicina estetica FBF Hospital Rome, Italy In some aesthetic treatments, laser give faster, more effective and lasting results when associated with any facial and body products. There are three basic types of lasers: ablative (epidermis), non-ablative (dermis) and fractional (on both) The side effects and complications that can occur after treatments are: • More or less intense erythema with possible edema • Excessive desquamation and some scabs; • Swelling up to one week after treatment; Post inflammatory pigmentation The use of appropriate cosmetics may limit these side effects and avoid complications

F Tomaselli, MD Consorzio Universitario Humanitas – Roma, Italy Minimize the invasiveness of medical therapies intended for aesthetics and tissue regeneration maintenance objectives are always chased and partly achieved today. Combining biophysics with biochemistry allows this. The possibility of transdermal introduction, the application of complex magnetic fields, the use of cold, focused ultrasound are the latest experiences about ensuring absolutely physiological results with minimal risk of complications if performed by trained personnel. Lasers enter in this idea for epilation, to cancel hyperchromia and removing unwanted tattoos and also in tissue regeneration. Far from miraculous promises are presented as golden therapies for these indications.

USE OF LASERS DURING ISOTRETINOIN THERAPY 1

Khalil Khatri, MD, 2Fatima Mirza, MD Skin & Laser Surgery Center of New England, Boston, MA, USA 2Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA

LASER RESURFACING IN ASIAN PATIENTS

1

Background It is commonly believed that laser and light treatment should be delayed at least 6 months after completing the Isotretinoin therapy. Material & Methods Several new peer-reviewed published articles show that it is safe to use laser and light devices during Isotretinoin therapy. All recently published articles will be presented. Results Results from recently published data shows that it is safe to use Laser/Light devices during Isotretinoin therapy. Conclusion It is safe to use Laser/Light devices during Isotretinoin therapy.

HERBIUM LASER AND LOW DOSE CYTOKINES THERAPY: A NEW TOOL FOR VITILIGO TREATMENT Gianfaldoni S.*, Gianfaldoni R.*, Lotti T.** * MD, Dermatologist and Venereologist, Pisa, Italy **MD (Hon), Professor & Chair of Dermatology University of Rome “G. Marconi”, Italy

Cheng-Jen Chang, MD, PhD, FACS Taipei Medicine University Hospital There are numerous resources and advanced techniques for face lifting, blepharoplasty, and chemical peeling to restore signs of aging (wrinkles, skin atrophy, and surface irregularities) and actinic damage (hyperpigmentation, dermal thickening, hyperkeratosis, and loss of elasticity). Advances in laser technology have resulted in the development of lasers that can precisely remove thin layers of skin with minimal thermal damage to the surrounding tissue. Laser skin resurfacing refers to the use of char-free laser energy to precisely ablate or vaporize skin in very thin layers, with a high level of control and without affecting deeper layers of dermis. These lasers rely on rapid pulsing or scanning of the laser beam, producing more predictable and reproducible effects; therefore they are ideal for skin resurfacing. Further insights on the effects of various lasers, laser resurfacing techniques, postoperative care, and management of complications during and after laser resurfacing are discussed.

1695

L A S E R L I P O LY S I S W I T H 1 4 7 0 N M A N D I T S IMPLEMENTATION Zoran Zgaljardic M.D.,Ph.D.,Ivonne Zgaljardic,M.D. Zagreb, Croatia Laser lipolysis with 1470 nm can be done as a procedure for itself but in most cases is followed by liposuction. The main goal of this procedure is to dissolve unwanted fat. The secondary effect of this technology is skin tightening which is direct consequence of the photothermal effect which stimulates neocolagenesis. Target for the 1470 nm wave length water molecules. By adding infiltration of Klein's solution in the subcutaneous layer and fat subdermal tissue both effects are higher and the results are more evident. Technique is atraumatic and less painful with minor hematomas and edema of the skin than after standard liposuction. Laser lipolysis of the facial area can be done without subsequent liposuction. The result is lifting effect of the skin so we can call lit endolight lifting and can be done as an initial part of surgical lifting or as an isolated procedure. When laser lipolysis is used in „big“ liposuction (5000 ml) the aspiration of the fat content is more dense comparing with standard liposuction which means that really more fat is removed because it was dissolved before aspiration- liposuction. Subdermal region is stimulated with energy and that improves skin texture and final adaptation of skin because of new collagen formation.

FACE AND LABIAL REJUVENATION WITH THE NEW Nd-YAG 1064 PICOSECONDS LASER Heitor Teixeira, MD, Carolina Teixeira, MD Medilaser Clinic Surgery, Aveiro, Portugal Lips are the component of the oral cavity which synthesizes more functions and emotions. The nonverbal communication is established by the body, every movement, gesture, posture and facial expression which shows a willingness to communicate directly or subtly, consciously or unconsciously. The smile is one of the expressions that attract us the most, for its simplicity and mainly for its puzzle. In Lips aging implies a loss of mucous membranes’ density; lips’ dehydrate and resect themselves, reducing its’ thickness which causes an appearance of aging of the all face. The demands of public opinion of being young and stay young are becoming more and more pressing, therefore it is necessary to meet this demand. The responsibility of achieving this task is up to the doctor, the anti-aging medicine and the actual existing physical means, which are available to correct and prevent this disease. Having the possibility of using the new picoseconds Nd-Yag Laser in Lips’ rejuvenation we must use them together and in accordance between them and the guideline we presented what we believe to be the guideline which allows us to obtain good results in a new and simple effective treatment that can be proved by the major aspect of the lip and by evidence and monitoring that we went through for about ten month. Obtained results of labial cracks’ disappearance inside of the red mucosa increase in lips’ volume and contour and disappearance of oral wrinkles creates an aesthetic appearance witch is remarkable. This is a non invasive method with minimal complications with low morbidity and in our opinion superior results when compared to other traditional methods considered soft tissue augmentation including peelings, botox injections, injectable fillers such as hyaluronic acid injections temporary and permanent injectables bio-implants, bio- catalysts and even surgery of the upper lip. Keywords: Lips, non verbal communication, new picoseconds Nd-Yag Laser, guidelines, Lips’ rejuvenation.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

LASER VS RF FOR FACIAL REJUNEVATION AND LIFTING: CLINICAL OUTCOME FOR STAND ALONE REATMENT AND COMBINATION TECHNIQUE Pol.Col. Bunjert Titapiwatanakun MD, PhD Dermatology Division, Police General Hospital. Bangkok, Thailand Facial rejuvenation is a cosmetic treatment, which aims to restore a youthful appearance to the human face. Facial rejuvenation can be achieved through either surgical and/or non-surgical options. Procedures can vary in invasiveness and depth of treatment. Surgical procedures can restore facial symmetry through targeted procedures and facial restructuring and skin alterations. Non-surgical procedures can target specific depths of facial structures and treat localized facial concerns such as wrinkles, skin laxity, hyperpigmentation and scars which laser and RF play a major role in this group. In our experience, RF is very effective treatment for Lifting result while Laser is used mostly in other problems. The combination of laser and RF for facial Rejuvenation can fulfill patient need and make them satisfied with the outcome.

Nd-YAG 1064 PICOSECONDS LASER TATTOO ABLATION Heitor TEIXEIRA, MD Medilaser Clinic Surgery, Aveiro, Portugal Tattoo this very current theme, as it has entered into the daily life of desires realized or dreamed by various age groups and distinct social classes, is not only a way for the individual to try to change or express something on the skin, exhibits a feeling, exhibition desire or repression of an individual or group identification such as the identification of fervor and club devotion, expresses a personality disorder, with a constant need for attention, anxious, very emotional, very energetic, manipulative, seductive, impulsive, inconstant when not feeling the center of attention being very egocentric but also passive-aggressive with confrontation of marginality, antisocial behavior and refusal of standards, associated with small levels of self-assertion, intelligence, assertiveness, longing for admiration, persistent and manipulative behavior to meet their own needs. For many reasons, after a tattoo is made, the decision to remove it again involves a decision that also affects the emotional and psychic balance of the individual. The 1064 Nd-Yag Q-switched Laser is all over times, the most suitable Laser for this desire and it is the one that makes possible the elimination of the black ink and also the other several colors, except the white. It has the great inconvenience of in average to require a high number of sessions and a very long space time. However the emergence of the new one 1064 Nd-Yag picoseconds Laser has modified this paradigm and with the great possibility of using the wavelength of 1320 nm to eliminate the white color. Comparison of the nanoseconds with the picoseconds allows better results in all the changes involved, in addition to the significant reduction in the number of sessions required and specially in the temporal space time that allows the design of a new paradigm model. It obtains also possible to highlight the significant increase of a new collagen and elastin without burning or damaging the skin. Our experience of ten months of its application guides us to a dosimetry that we consider adequate and effective. Keywords: Tattoos, reasons, Laser elimination, new picoseconds Nd-Yag Laser treatment, dosimetry, results

PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF ND:YAG LASER FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERPIGMENTED SPLIT-THICKNESS SKIN GRAFTS Apirag Chuangsuwanich, MD, PhD Thailand Department of plastic surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, Thailand

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

Background Hyperpigmentation after split-thickness skin graft procedure is a common problem in Asian skin and can cause distress to the patients. Variety of treatments have been attempted but none gave a satisfactory result. Nd:YAG 1064 nm laser has been used as a standard treatment for hyperpigmented skin lesions, but none has reported the treatment of hyperpigmented skin graft with Nd:YAG laser. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the reduction of hyperpigmentation on skin grafts treated with Nd:YAG laser compared to untreated skin grafts and normal skin. Materials and Methods This is a prospective randomized controlled trial. Half area of the skin grafts were treated with Nd:YAG laser for 4 times, and the other half left untreated. Treatment results were evaluated with clinical photograph, assessment of melanin index (MI) and erythema index (EI) at baseline, 1 week after each treatment and 1 month after the final treatment, with untreated sites as the control. Results Eleven skin graft sites from 5 patients were included in this study. After 4 treatments, the melanin index of the treated sites decreased significantly when compared to the baseline (p = 0.008) and to the untreated sites (p = 0.001). However, there was no significant reduction in the erythema index both on the treated sites and control. No complications recorded in this study. Conclusion This study showed that Nd:YAG 1064 nm laser treatment can be a promising modalities to treat hyperpigmented split thickness skin graft.

1696

the outcomes are not statistically significant. A big break-through started when the potential of genetic profiling of tumors enabled novel, targeted and specific chemotherapy. In order to improve the outcome, the New European Surgical Academy (NESA), in cooperation with the University Hospitals in Germany and hospitals in France and with cooperation with BioIncept in New Jersey who developed the Preimplantation Factor (PIF), initiated the VIEZION project for optimal oncological treatment. PIF, with its 15-amino acid structure, is unique for all mammals and serves to prevent rejection of the conceptus by its host mother who might otherwise recognize it as a foreign protein. It was found to be useful in many fields such as prevention of brain injury due to ischemia; it functions like a steroid without being one and without the side effects. Mesenchymal stem cells are able to migrate to sites of injury in animals and possess migrator capacity which might be a relevant clue in answering a frequent question – how could they reach the target. The idea is to use both PIF and stem cell therapy in order to increase the body resistance to cancer cells, in combination with adjusted chemotherapy based on genetic analysis of the tumor cells. The Hartmann Cancer Institute in Paris, as well as the 80hospitals ELSAN group in France joined forces with the VIEZION project. One of the first targets is ovarian cancer. Despite the use of tumor markers, ultrasound and preventive genetic examinations, many ovarian cancers are still diagnosed in a late stage, not significantly different than 30 or 40 years ago. We expect the combined use of targeted chemotherapy, PIF and stem cell therapy, next to the growing use of immunological therapy, will improve the outcome and the quality of life for cancer patients.

INNOVATIVE COMBINATION TECHNIQUE FOR LOWER FACE AND NECK CONTOURING AND REJUVENATION Pichansak Bunmas, MD. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, VPast Institute of Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery Center Bangsaen &Pattaya Beach, Chon Buri, Thailand Background Jowl or sagging facial skin and double chin are the major contributor sign of aging face. Most Asian people want to make harmony V-line along the cervico-mental angle. There are many procedure to correction of this problems. The Author is used combination endolaser lipolysis and endoscopic assist to platysmo-SMAS fascia lifting technique for correction of this problems. Materials and Methods Since between July2011-February 2016, We includes 194 patients in this study. All patients underwent to lower face and neck contouring under general anesthesia. Endolaser lipolysis of lower face and jowl and double chin was done first and then aspirate suction fat was done follow. All patients was evaluations and take photography at 1,2 weeks and 1,3,6 months after surgery. Result All patients were improve facial appearance. The degree of patients satisfaction at 3,6 months showed excellent 30,44 (40.54, 59.46), good in 38,69 (35.51,64.49), fair in 7,4 (63.64,36.36), poor in 2,0 (100.0,0). Conclusion Endolaser lipolysis with endoscopic assistant platysma and SMAS lifting technique can be induce the harmony lower

T H E V I S I O N O F V I E Z I O N : A N E W A P P R O A C H TO ONCOLOGICAL TREATMENTS Michael Stark, MD, PhD President, The New European Surgical Academy (NESA), Berlin, Germany Despite progress in various medical fields, the post-operative oncological treatment for cancer, as well as melanoma, is still based on non-specific medications, which are based on statistical results of success. The FDA approved dozens of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies for example for metastatic colorectal cancer, which speaks for itself, as there is no single agent which proved to be optimal for general use and indeed, many times

RETROSPECTIVE SURVIVAL ANALYSIS OF 84 PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE PULMONARY METASTASES FROM SOLID TUMORS TREATED BY A 1318-NM DIODE LASER COMBINED WITH ANATOMIC LUNG RESECTION Alexander Kern, Axel Rolle, Beata Bis and Steffen Drewes Dresden, Saxony Department of Thoracic Surgery; Fachkrankenhaus Coswig, Thoracic Surgery, Germany Background Complete resection of pulmonary metastases remains the most important prognostic factor. Using laser technique, substantial progress has been made recently to improve the rate of complete metastasectomy and survival. Purpose For very centrally located metastases, laser resection should be combined with lung segmentectomy or lobectomy to yield complete resection. We analysed the survival of patients with pulmonary metastases after extended laser metastasectomy combined with anatomic resection and systematic lymphadenectomy to assess the utility of that combined technique in patient groups with centrally located and high number of metastases. Material and Methods Between 2009 and 2017, 84 patients (47 men, 37 women) underwent curative intended pulmonary laser metastasectomy combined with anatomic resection. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess overall survival in all 84 patients and for sub-groups. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors was performed using Cox regression models. Results Thirty three patients (39 %) underwent laser combined with segment resection, 51 patients (61 %) laser combined with lobectomy. Seventy-six patients with R0-resection (90 %) had 5-year overall survival rate and median overall survival of 51 % and 66 months, respectively, significantly better than 6 % and 17 months in those with incomplete resections (log-rank P < 0.00001). In multivariate Cox-regression of all 84 patients, only completeness of resection (P < 0.0001) and number of metastases (P = 0.0022) were independent factors. Discussion and Conclusion Completeness of resection remains the most important prognostic factor following lung metastasectomy. With diode laser resection combined with anatomic resection, higher numbers of central metastases can be removed completely and tissue-saving.

1697

VARICOSE VEINS ENDOLUMINAL LASER ABLATION FROM THE BEGINNING EVLT TIL NOW CELIV Heitor Teixeira, MD Medilaser Clinic Surgery, Aveiro, Portugal To achieve a unique goal in the treatment of varicose veins in order to obtain the desired result, we use EVLA as the execution of a single treatment that is optimized to treat varicose veins, in which we can treat different kind of patients which we have treated from November 2001 to March 2017. So 3486 documentary cases were carried out with this treatment and the analysis of these cases was the object of this retrospective observational study that allows doctors to understand the surroundings of this procedure on his road to desired perfection. The comparison of the first 8 years of clinical execution with the second ones, allows us to obtain postulates that can serve as guide lines for the understanding of the main fields involved, whether they are the human or the social, economic or even the technician execution needed to obtain the results that allow us to well founded considerations about the validity of this method, as well as we can think how to improve or execute it in order to obtain even better results. The aim of our comparation is to try to understand the clinical and physical contents of these contributions and obtained knownalage that alows the doctors with the bridge that overlaps these different backgrounds. Keywords Varicose veins disease, endovenous laser ablation, retrospective observational study comparison.

LASER LLLT FOR FEMALE INFERTILITY Toshio Ohshiro MD. PhD1, Takafumi Ohshiro MD, PhD2, Katsumi Sasaki MD, PhD3, Reiko Sakio MD, PhD4 1 Prof. of the School of Medicine, Keio Univ., President of the Ohshiro Clinic. 2Associate Prof., School of Med., Keio Univ., Vice-president, Ohshiro Clinic. 3Assistant Prof., School of Med., Keio Univ., Vice-president, Ohshiro Clinic. 4Assistant of the School of Medicine, Keio Univ. Fellow of the Ohshiro Clinic. The terms Low Level Laser Therapy and High Level Laser Treatment, LLLT and HLLT, were first coined by Toshio Ohshiro in 1988. In the same year, together with R Glen Calderhead, he published “Low Level Laser Therapy: A Practical Introduction” with the well-known medicoscientific publishers, John Wiley and Sons of Chichester, UK. In 1989, Wiley started publication of the journal “Laser Therapy” with Ohshiro as the Founding Editor and Editor-in-Chief. This was followed by the publication by Wiley of two sister volumes, “Advances in Low Level Laser Therapy” in 1991 and “Low reactive-Level Laser Therapy: Practical Application” in 1992. And so the term LLLT became the acronym for Low reactive-Level Laser Therapy, but nowadays, LLLT is used as the acronym for Low reactive-Level LIGHT Therapy, as suggested by the preeminent photobiologist, Kendric C Smith, because highly efficient light-emitting diode (LED)-based devices have been developed and are achieving significant clinical effects but without the heat and damage associated with laser devices. Ohshiro’s group pioneered LLLT for the treatment of female infertility, so the correct terminology should be ‘laser LLLT in female infertility’, to differentiate between the use of LED-based and laser diode-based devices. We use Ohshiro’s Proximal Priority Technique in laser LLLT for female infertility. From October of 1998 to May of 2017, we have treated 830 recalcitrantly infertile patients using LLLT delivered with a 60 mW, 830 nm GaAlAs diode laser. We have achieved 207 pregnancies, 90 deliveries, 98 babies (57 boys, 41 girls), one zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), 3 gamete intrafallopian transfers (GIFTs), 14 homologous artificial inseminations (AIHs), 40 spontaneous pregnancies and 149 in vitro fertilizations (IVFs). Only the GaAlAs diode laser LLLT has been used to assist female patients with very severe infertility problems referred from

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

gynecological clinics. The mean age of the patients we have treated is 39.5 years. The pregnancy rate has been 24.6 %, and the delivery rate is currently 11.7 %. We would like to present the detailed regimen of Ohshiro’s Proximal Priority Technique in laser LLLT for female infertility and explain the present status of the Japanese Society for Laser Reproduction (JaSLaR).

LASER THERAPY IN WOMEN GENITAL CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS INFECTION COMPLICATED WITH PID AND INFERTILITY Daniela Brinzan, MD Arad, Arad County Hospital Arad, Obstetrics-Gynecology, Rumania Genital Chlamydia Trachomatis infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections with more than 50 million new cases occurred globally every year. Underdiagnosed and untreated, it can generate long term severe complications including PID, infertility, ectopic pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain. Among 20 patients diagnosed with PID and infertility in our medical office during one year, we selected a study group of 10 patients with genital Chlamydia Trachomatis infection. The diagnostic methods used were anamnesis, clinical examination, Pap smear, bacteriological and serological tests, ultra sound examination and histero salpingo graphy. The group of patients selected was monitored for one year. The treatment took into account general measures for both partners and specific measures (antibiotic treatment and focused laser therapy). The initial group was split in two, group A treated only with antibiotics and group B treated with both antibiotics and laser therapy. All the 5 patients of group B presented an improvement of the clinical manifestations and 3 of them ended up with pregnancy. On the other hand, in group B, only one patient manifested total disappearance of pains and the infertility persisted for all. It is noteworthy that the association of laser therapy in the treatment of Chlamydia Trachomatis infection has brought significant improvement in the inflammatory processes of internal genitalia (PID) and in the fertility of the couple.

LASER DIAGNOSTICS TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEGENERATION AND MODIC CHANGES DETECTION IN HUMAN INTERVERTEBRAL DISC SAMPLES Juozas Vaitkus1, D. Varanius 1-2, I. Čiplys 1-2, V. Gėgžna 1-2, G. Terbetas 3, A. Vaitkuvienė 1 1 Institute of Applied Research, 2 Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, 3 Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania Background Optical biopsy allows analyze tissues in molecular/chemical bonds’ level, and there is a lot attempts to recommend methods to obtain the diagnostically valuable information. Lumbar disc’s degeneration and Modic changes diagnostics is important to choose the patient healing strategy Purpose Analysis of the same samples by infrared absorption, Raman scattering and fluorescence spectroscopy for a choice of optimal diagnostics means. Material and Methods Level of intervertebral disc degeneration and Modic I and II changes obtained by MRI. The specimens cut using cryomicrotome and placed on CaF2. Modern Raman scattering, FTIR absorption and fluorescences equipment used. The Raman and FTIR spectra analyzed using multi-Gaussian peaks approximation. Fluorescence spectra comparisons of intensities at each wavelength and the spectra derivatives performed in each pair of medical groups. The balanced accuracy calculated to determine the ability to discriminate between the compared groups to recommend the spectral regions most important for discrimination.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

Results Forty-three cases investigated. Highest average balanced accuracy (BA) was found in men and women elder 40 years equal to 0,91 and 0,89 for recognition of degeneration level, correspondingly, and BA was found in range 0,77-0.94 for diagnosis Modic-II for men younger than 60 years, women, and diagnosis of Modic-I for women elder than 45 years. Discussion and Conclusion The fluorescence spectroscopy allows the recognition of the intervertebral disc degeneration level and Modic changes if the gender and age of patients are taken into account. The Raman peak 2707 cm-1 seems promising for recognition of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration level.

THE ANALYSIS OF TECHNIQUES FOR INTERVERTEBRAL DISC SAMPLES' AUTOFLUORESCENCE-SPECTRA-BASED CLASSIFICATION Ignas Ciplys1-2, V. Gegzna1-2, D. Varanius1-2, A. Vaitkuviene1, G. Terbetas3, J.V. Vaitkus1 1 Institute of Applied Research, 2 Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, 3 Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania Intervertebral disc (TD) degeneration problem is often related to older people, but additional factors such as gender, genetics and harmful addictions are also important. Usually, level of degeneration is evaluated through different kind of techniques such as computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These methods are informative, but are not sensitive enough to observe concentrations of biological tissues from different condition TD which is crucial for treatment purposes. This work presents how spectral analysis including machine learning, could be used as automated diagnostics tool. During the experiment, TD samples were excited using 355 nm radiation. Each samples’fluorescence spectra were associated with medical information which was evaluated by radiologists, using MRI images of TD samples. Before analysis, all spectra dimensionswere reduced to 8 components using 3 dimensional reduction techniques: principal componentanalysis (PCA), non-negative matrix factorization and approximation of log-normal components (LKA). Classification analysis of extracted components were performed in parallel using decision tree, decision forest, K-nearest neighbors and supported vectors machines. Only the most significant components were used for classification. Estimation of components significance were performed using decision forest classificator. Results showed that degeneration levels differ in aspects of age and gender. The best classification results was obtained using SVM system with LKA and PCA components comparing woman 3 and 4 degeneration levels (mean BA = 0.81).

THE PERCUTANEOUS LASER DISC DECOMPRESSION FOR SLIPPED DISC ACCORDING TO THE CHOY’S METHOD : PERSONAL EXPERIENCE ON 4,000 PATIENTS AND LONG FOLLOW UP. Gian Paolo Tassi, MD, Neurosurgeon Casa di Cura Paideia, Rome (Italy), Queen Anne Street Medical Centre, London (UK) Background In mid-February 1986, Peter Ascher and Daniel Choy performed the first percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) at the Neurosurgical Department, University of Graz, Graz, Austria. It was planned to deliver 1000 J with a Nd:YAG laser to a herniated L4-L5 disc causing sciatica. At 600 J the procedure was terminated because the pain was gone. Since then, PLDD has spread all over the world (Since its introduction, it is estimated that more than 100,000 PLDD procedures have been performed worldwide), with procedures being performed throughout the entire spine, with exception of T1-T9 because these discs do not permit percutaneous access with a needle. The success rate has

1698

ranged from 70 to 89 %, and the complication rate, chiefly discitis, from 0.1 to 1.0 %. When successful, the return to normal work is on average 1 week. The long-term follow-up of 23 years has yielded a recurrence rate of 5 %. Purpose The aim of this study is to analyze the results with a long follow up and regarding the personal experience of the Author who treated 4,000 patients with the PLDD according to the Choy’s method during the last 14 years. MATERIALS AND Methods The Author between the December 2002 and December 2016 treated 4,000 patients with the PLDD according to the Choy’s technique. The lasers used were: Nd:YAG 1064 nm for 3450 patients and Diode 1064 nm for 550 patients. The needles were 18 Gauge and 20 Gauge and the optical fibers, respectively, 400 micron and 300 micron. Patient age ranged between 18 and 78 years. The spine levels treated were: 3680 lumbar, 285 cervical and 35 thoracic (T10-T12). The follow up ranged from 6 month until 14 years (median was 8,2 years). MRI study was done in 3840 patients ; in 1700 also a CT –scan was done to detect the air bubbles inside the disc (more easy with CT-scan rather than with MRI); in 260 patients only the CT-scan was done for patient’s claustrophobia. The electromyography was done in 2895 patients. Always the lateral position was used for T10-L5 levels but the prone position for L5-S1. Always the supine position with a slight hyperextension of the neck for cervical levels. Results The results according to the MacNab criteria was as follow: 84 % of excellent/good results; 16 % of poor results; 4 % of recurrence and 0,1 % of complications (4 cases of discitis). Discussion And Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the PLDD, in well selected patients affected by slipped disc, can be the first line of treatment (after the pharmacological and physical therapies failed), truly minimal invasive, safe and effectiveness.

LASER THERAPY IN TENDINOPATHIES Rodrigo Alvaro Brandáo Lopes Martins Dean of Biomedical Engineering at University of Mogi das Cruzes - SP Brazil Tendons have a crucial role in body mechanics, transferring force from muscle contractions to bone, thus allowing movement and joint stability. Tendons also respond to mechanical loading by altering their structure through mechanotransduction, whereby cells transform loads into biochemical signals. Tendinitis is a clinical condition of tendons characterized by palpation tenderness, edema, activity-related pain and reduced physical function. Pain during tendon loading is the major symptom. Tendinitis is a diagnostic subgroup of tendinopathies indicating a presence of inflammation, although a lack of inflammatory cells found in biopsies of chronic tendinopathies has raised debate about specific pathophysiology and the appropriateness of the term. Nevertheless, inflammation possibly due to the rupture of collagen fibers appears to be an important factor. In recent decades there has been an increase in the incidence of tendinous lesions due in part to increased recreational and competitive exercise by individuals attempting to improve their health status. Tendon lesions represent 30 % to 50 % of sports-related injuries and Achilles tendinitis represents 55 to 65 % of total tendon injuries. Risk factors include gender, ageing, obesity, co-morbid muscle-skeletal conditions, and antibiotics, especially Quinolones and glucocorticoids. After tendon injury the remodeling and maturation phase can last up to one year. There is a higher risk of re-injury after Achilles tendinopathies with a short recovery period when compared with a longer recovery period. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is primarily offered as an “add-on” therapy to exercise in tendinopathy treatment, due to the proposed antiinflammatory and stimulatory effect of laser irradiation on tendon healing. Beneficial effects have been attributed to a modulatory effect on the dosedependent metabolism of fibroblasts and collagen deposition, and/or attenuation of inflammation by local inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 reducing formation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).

1699

The aim of this lecture is to present the effects of Laser therapy compared to sodium diclofenac (NSAID), Dexamethasone (glucocorticoid) and cryotherapy on tissue reorganization and repair processes in Achilles tendinopathy induced in experimental models.

L A S E R B I O S T I M U L AT I O N T H E R A P Y P L A N N I N G SUPPORTED BY IMAGING Mester, Adam MD., Ph.D. National Laser Therapy Centre Peterfy Sandor Teaching Hospital, Budapest Ultrasonography and MR imaging can help to identify the area and depth of different lesions, like injury, overuse, inflammation, degenerative diseases. The appropriate power density, sufficient dose and direction of the laser treatment can be optimally estimated. If required minimum 5 mW photon density and required optimal energy dose: 4 Joule/cm2 wouldn’t arrive into the depth of the target volume - additional techniques can help: slight compression of soft tissues can decrease the tissue thickness or multiple laser diodes can be used. In case of multiple diode clusters light scattering results deeper penetration. Another method to increase the penetration depth is a second pulsation (in kHz range) of laser light. (So called continuous wave laser itself has inherent THz pulsation by temporal coherence). Third solution of higher light intensity in the target volume is the multi-gate technique: from different angles the same joint can be reached based on imaging findings. Recent developments is ultrasonography: elastosonography and tissue harmonic imaging with contrast material offer optimal therapy planning. While MRI is too expensive modality for laser planning images can be optimally used if a diagnostic MRI already was done. Usual DICOM images offer “postprocessing” measurements in mm range.

PHOTOBIOMODULATION CLINICAL APPLICATIONS AND EFFECTS: AN UPDATE ON MECHANISMS Raymond J. Lanzafame, M.D., M.B.A., F.A.C.S. Raymond J. Lanzafame, MD PLLC, Rochester, NY USA Background Biological systems are complex. Numerous pathways may be poised to work in concert with, or in opposition to, one another, depending upon the needs of the organism. There are several substances and reactions that can be manipulated by a number of forces, light included. This presentation will focus on some of the evidence and controversies in the science and clinical application of photobiomodulation. Methods Current clinical and research applications of light in the form of photobiomodulation (PBM) were reviewed. Results/Discussion The interaction of photons with cells is a necessary and essential condition for photobiomodulation. Absorption and transduction of this energy must occur and it has been demonstrated that a variety of cellular molecules and structures are capable of absorbing energy at various wavelengths. Not all cells and tissues respond to phototherapy and one size does not fit all when it comes to determining the dose or time course of treatment for different tissues and scenarios. We will consider the mechanisms that have been determined to be responsible for the outcomes achieved through the proper use of these modalities. A number of central biological processes demonstrated to be responsible for physiologic and disease states are being implicated in their onset and course. These same processes are distributed widely within the body, with site-dependent or more systemic effects resulting from their presence and manipulation. PBM can be considered to be operating in a similar manner to drugs in these

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

diverse scenarios. The site of treatment, whether it is drug, surgery or light is important and failure to appropriately consider these features when designing studies and treating patients can adversely affect outcomes. Conclusion There is substantial evidence demonstrating that there is a convergence of mechanisms responsible for the PBM effects observed in vivo.

DYNAMIC CHANGES IN GAMMA-IRRADIATED MICE TREATED WITH LASER Yulia Efremova1, Zuzana Sinkorova2, Jaroslav Racek 3, Anna Lierova2, Marcela Jelicova2, Leos Navratil1 1 Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of biomedical emgineering, Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection 2University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Radiobiology 3 - University Hospital in Pilsen Department of Clinical Biochemistry Background In the recent study we found out that the treatment of mice by laser with a wavelength of 940 nm and energy density of 3 J∙cm-2 after gamma irradiation (GI) may have an impact on the life span and haematopoiesis reparation. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine dynamic changes in gamma-irradiated mice treated with laser. Material and Methods The 40 female mice were divided into 2 groups: control gamma-irradiated mice (group 1) and mice irradiated by combination of GI and laser irradiation (group 2). The blood cell counts were studied on 2nd, 5th, 8th and 12th day after GI. The mice were whole-body irradiated with GI in a dose of 8.4 Gy. Twenty-four hours after GI laser with a wavelength of 940 nm, a peak power of 5 W in pulse mode was applied on the mice from group 2. Four points on anterior thoracic and abdominal area of mice were irradiated during 4 s each one. Results It was found out that second day after GI the amount of monocytes in group 1 was 1,56 times higher compared with group 1 (p < 0.05). Day 8 in group 1 the amount of lymphocytes and eosinophils were 1,53 and 6 times higher after GI (p < 0.05). Discussion and Conclusion Consequently upon the experiment results the treatment of mice by laser with a wavelength of 940 nm and energy density of 3 J∙cm-2 after GI may have an impact on the haematopoiesis reparation.

PHOTOBIOMODULATION OF SKIN IN AUTOIMMUN SKIN DISEASES IN SMALL ANIMALS Kitti Szenasi, K., Kovacs DVM, PhD Budapest, Hungary Small Animal Laser Clinic, laser medicine Background In autoimmune skin diseases the animal's body produces antibodies against intracellular proteins in the epidermis causing proteolysis. Acantholysis leads to different skin lesions that are difficult to heal. These diseases often respond poorly to drugs and we have poor long term prognosis. Purpose Photobiomodulation results in quick and spectacular improvement. It doesn't have side effects and we can minimalize the dose of drugs or even completely leave the drug therapy. Thereby with photobiomodulation we can expect a very good long-term prognosis. Material & methods Infrared medical laser device (810 nm) was applied. Each patient’s symptoms were deep injuries, pain, sometimes fever, and apathy. In the first weeks the animals were treated twice per week, then treatment was reduced to once a week until. Dose was depend on the wound conditions and thickness 6 to 3 J/cm², dose was gradually decreased week by week. The dogs received 12-20 treatments.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

Results In every case the regression of pain at the injured area was evident soon after the first treatment. Black pigmented, coated animals often heal with white fur on the scar, since the body is not able to normally regenerate this area. We found the laser assisted healing produces normal regeneration and builds pigmented skin and fur on the affected area. Discussion and Conclusion Effect of photobiomodulation resulted unexpected full regeneration of skin- and mucosal damages. Even aggressive animals turned to be cooperative during the treatments. The aesthetic effects were also superb with regeneration along the residual scars was spectacular.

T H E M I C R O VA S C U L A R R E S P O N S E T O PHOTOBIOMODULATION WITH NON-COHERENT LIGHT SOURCES IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS – THE ROLE OF WAVELENGTH, GENDER, AND AGE Lilach Gavish1, L. Dudai2, M. Halak3, B. Gavish4, Z. OvadiaBlechman2 1 The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel 2Afeka Tel-Aviv Academic College of Engineering 3Sheba Medical Center 4Yazmonit Ltd. Background The microvascular flow is influenced by many factors, including age and gender. Photobiomodulation was previously shown to increase blood flow. Purpose Characterizing the microvascular flow in response to irradiation with non-coherent RED and near-infrared (NIR) light emitting diodes (LEDs), and investigating the relationships between wavelength, age, and gender. Materials and Methods Twenty-one healthy non-smoking subjects without any known vascular pathologies were randomized to receive irradiation with either red LEDs (633 nm, 70 mW/cm2) or NIR LEDs (830 nm, 55 mW/cm2). Irradiation was applied for 5 min to the left wrist (ulnar and radial arteries). Laser Doppler flowmeter was used to quantify capillary blood flow, red blood cell (RBC) concentration, and RBC velocity. Continuous measurements were conducted before irradiation, during irradiation, and during 15 min follow up. The relationships between wavelength (red/NIR), age (18-29/30-65), and gender (male/female) were investigated. Results During irradiation both red and NIR increased blood flow, RBC concentration, and velocity. This increase remained up to 15 min after irradiation. Tissue perfusion was not affected by gender. However, age groups responded differentially to wavelength with the younger age group having an increased response to Red, while the older age group to NIR. Conclusions: Non-coherent light sources have immediate vasodilative effects that enhance downstream tissue perfusion. Further studies investigating the interaction between light sources and personal characteristics such as age, gender, smoking, and disease status may lead to optimal personalized light therapy.

1700

THE ROLE OF LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY (LLLT) IN POST OPERATIVE CARE OF AESTHETIC PLASTIC SURGERY Pichansak Bunmas, Vplast Institute of Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery Center, Plastic surgery, Chon Buri, Thailand Background The study of cellular mechanism of wound healing and pain control in laser has been published since 1990. But clinical application of LLLT.for improve wound healing and pain control after aesthetic plastic surgery were not worldwide. The purpose of this study to demonstrate the benefit of clinical application of LLLT. in aesthetic plastic surgery field. Material and Methods Between March 2010- June2016, We include 3564patients in this study. We divide patient in 2 groups for this study of single plastic surgeon to compare with same procedure. Control group was treated as conventional therapy. All patients in study group was applied by LLLT. (Near-infared diod laser, continuous wave, wavelength 830 nm, 1w/cm2). They was applied LLLT. within 35 min per site/visit. We was evaluate the result of wound healing by take photography and record evaluation score (pain score, swelling score, patient satisfaction index score) as a visual analogue scale at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 14th, 21nd, 30th post-operative care. Result All patients were improved of pain control, swelling, wound healing and patient satisfaction than control group. No adverse reaction and complication of LLLT. Conclusion: Role of LLLT. can be enhance of wound healing, reduce inflammation and swelling, reduce in post-operative pain and improve of patient satisfaction. It ‘s can be use to adjunctive therapy for postoperative care.

LASER BIOMODULATION OF FEMALE GENITALIA Khalil A. Khatri, MD Skin & Laser Surgery Center of New England Boston, MA, USA Background There are several ways to excite female genitalia. Many "home remedies" and devices are used for this purpose. We experimented with a low level energy laser to induce sexual excitement by biomodulation of female genitalia Material & Methods A low level energy laser was used to investigate its use for stimulation and rejuvenation of female genitalia. Three subjects were advised to use this home use device on an as needed basis on the clitoris and labia majora/minora for arousal, orgasm and rejuvenation. Results Subjects perceptions suggests that this device can be used safely and effectively for bio-stimulation Conclusion "Lady-Laser" is safe and effective to induce sexual excitement by biomodulation of female genitalia

WATTS A JOULE: LASER TERMINOLOGY REVISITED PBM FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE Richard L. Godine, DVM Ruckersville Animal Hospital and Veterinary Laser Therapy Center The kidneys are the most common organ to fail in older dogs and cats. Traditional medical management has been reactive and includes dietary modification, fluid and electrolyte balance, and appetite stimulation. PBM offers a proactive therapy that can reduce azotemia, slow progression of disease, and improve appetite and energy levels. Patients feel better, have a higher quality of life, and live longer when PBM is added to the treatment regimen for chronic kidney disease. Treatment protocols and mechanisms of action will be detailed. Clinical data including improvement of biomarkers overtime will be reviewed.

R Glen Calderhead Clinique L Dermatology, Goyang, South Korea With the increase in acceptance of low level light therapy. or LLLT, as a valid medicoscientific subset, there is a corresponding increase in the number of papers appearing in the literature. Searching PubMed using LLLT as a search term will bring up more than 4000 hits. Unfortunately, a surprisingly large number of these papers are marred by inaccurate and inconsistent reporting of parameters, and incorrect use of inappropriate terminology. The correct and accepted scientific units and their use in describing an experiment or clinical application are discussed as follows: the orthodox reporting of the incident laser power in watts or milliwatts; the spot size or irradiated area in square centimetres; the exposure time in seconds. These allow us the derivation of the very important parameters of

1701

power density, or irradiance, and energy density. The power density can be likened to the medicine, and then the energy density becomes the dose. It is of course important to have the correct medicine, before playing around with the dose. The importance of correct and accurate reporting of experimental parameters to enable repetition by another worker in the field is stressed. The author suggests that the disparity in parameter reporting can probably account for the different results from different groups working on the ‘same’ experiment. Ideas on a scientificallybased terminology are presented, including the pedigree of the term LLLT itself for the clinical therapy, and the now accepted MESH term, photobiomodulation, to cover the study of the effects of LLLT at a cellular level and below. The author concludes that correct and accurate reporting of well-designed LLLT studies in an acceptable and consistent terminology will help even more to solidify the acceptance of LLLT in the medicoscientific community

TREATMENT AND SUPPORTIVE EFFECT OF LASER PHOTOBIOMODULATION IN PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SPINAL CORD INJURIES Shimon Rochkind, MD, PhD Director, Division of Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction Department of Neurosurgery Head, Research Center for Nerve Reconstruction Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel Laser photobiomodulation induces nerve cell activation, affects nerve cell metabolism and stimulates nerve processes sprouting. Our previous studies investigating the effects of low power laser irradiation 632.8 and 780 nm on injured peripheral nerves of rats have found protective immediate effects which increase the functional activity of the injured peripheral nerve, maintain functional activity of the injured nerve over time, decrease or prevent scar tissue formation at the injured site, prevent or decrease degeneration in corresponding motor neurons of the spinal cord and significantly increase axonal growth and myelinization. Moreover, direct laser irradiation of the spinal cord improves recovery of the corresponding injured peripheral nerve. Laser photobiomodulation was applied for treatment of rat denervated muscle. In the early stages of muscle atrophy, laser photobiomodulation applied for treatment of rat denervated muscle may preserve the muscle by maintaining CK activity and the amount of AChR close to its initial level before injury. Biodegradable composite transplant based on cell tissue-engineering technology was used for the treatment of complete peripheral nerve and spinal cord injury in rats. The laser phototherapy was applied as a supportive factor for accelerating and enhancing axonal growth and regeneration after reconstructive peripheral nerve and spinal cord procedures. The significance of this innovative methodology will be the provision of new nerve tissue-engineering modality and laser technology for treatment of complete peripheral nerve and spinal cord injury.

PHOTOBIOMODULATION THERAPY (PBMT) PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION FOR THREE WAVELENGTHS USING AN IN VITRO HUMAN DERMAL FIBROBLASTS (HDF) MODEL J. Anders, PhD Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland Director Photobiomodulation Technical Group, Optical Society of America The greatest challenge to effective use of PBMT is parameter optimization. The purpose of this study was to determine which combinations of irradiance (mW/cm2) and time resulting in different fluences (J/ cm2) were most effective in altering mitochondrial metabolism as measured by the MTS assay. The laser wavelengths tested were: 810, 980 and 1064 nm. A

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

precision light delivery device which included an electronic shutter was used. Adult, HDF were cultured in chamber slides (10,000 cells/well) with defined medium (control) or the control medium with high glucose (180 mM). Cells in high glucose medium were treated with the following parameters for all wavelengths tested: 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300 mW/cm2 and 0.05, 0.2, 1, 5, 20 J/cm2. All settings were replicated four times. A strong correlation was found between irradiance and outcome. At 10 mW/ cm2, there was no change in metabolism for the 810 and 980 nm wavelengths at all fluences tested while there was a significant altera tion wit h the 1064 nm wavelength at a fluence of 5 J/cm2. For the 810 and 980 nm wavelengths at 50, 100, 200, and 300 mW/cm2, all parameters increased metabolism. For the 980 nm wavelength, the most effective parameters were at the lowest fluences. For the 1064 nm wavelength, 0.05 and 0.2 J/cm2 at 25 mW/cm2 and 5 J/cm2 at 50 mW/cm2 increased metabolism to normal control levels, while 100, 200 and 300 mW/cm2 at all fluences caused a highly significant inhibition. These data underscore the importance of wavelength and irradiance used for PBMT.

26 YEARS’ EXPERIENCE OF LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY (LLLT) FOR CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY Y. Asagai, MD, PhD Shinano Children Hospital, Suwa, Japan In 1991, we introduced low level laser therapy (LLLT) as a new therapeutic method for suppressing myotonia in cerebral palsy. GaAlAs diode laser was used (wave length at 810 nm, output 100 mW, irradiation time 1 min per target site with continuous wave for 15 min in total per day). The target sites were the acupuncture and the nerve block points, and the muscles where the myotonia was observed. The spot size at tissue was 0.56 cm2 giving power densities of 17.86 W/cm2 at 100 mW. Energy densities per point ranged from 42.8 to107.5 J/cm2, depending on the combination of output power and irradiation time. The myotonic suppression of any sites on the body is possible. The laser irradiation is not effective for regions where irreversible joint contracture occurs. The laser irradiation before the slow stretching training is useful because the pain associated with the stretching is suppressed. The irradiation is completely free from pain or serious adverse reaction. The laser irradiation might act as a trigger for improving the imbalance of the antagonistic muscles, thus LLLT can be positioned as supplementary treatment for enhancing the effect of functional training. Children with severe cerebral palsy could have insufficiency fractures while undergoing daily care, even when no force is applied. Yet bone metabolism for cerebral palsy cases has not been well reviewed. Irradiation by a commercial LED bulb (100 V/ 9.2 W, 825 lm) can possibly have a beneficial effect on bone metabolism, and may become an inexpensive and safe at-home treatment method as a protection against insufficiency fractures for seriously disabled children. The commercially available LED light bulbs that we used in this investigation have a peak at 446–477 nm in a blue color wave length, but also have second peaks at 574 nm in green and at 590 nm in yellow and even include 612 nm in orange and 660 nm in red. We think that such a variety of wave lengths have a good influence on bone metabolism. Since LED light bulbs are commercially available and their power density is low, 0.9 mW/m2 with a 30 cm distance, exposure time and distance, number of regions, and time period exposed to LED are important factors.

THE ROLE OF MULTIWAVELENGHTS LASER THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INJURIES L Longo, MD, O Sheykh, MD, D Longo, PT, P. Lippi, PT, MSc1,G Cherubini, PT,V. Mangé, PT 1, M. Giudici, PT1 Institute Laser Medicine, International Academy for Laser Medicine and Surgery, Florence, Italy 1University of Florence- Florence, Italy

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

Background Laser therapy of central nervous system injuries (CNSI) is often used in the last 30 years, with success. Different lasers at different dosages were used. Goals were to obtain muscle de-contraction, increase of the sensibility under lesion level, increase of motor sensory under lesion level, and the other functions. We started this type of treatment from the year 2003. We proposed the use of more wavelengths of lasers contemporary in the same sessions, because each wavelength have different penetration and absorption in the tissue, as shown by literature in previous experiment in vitro and in vivo. Purpose We would like to investigate the effects of multiwavelength lasertherapy on sphincter activity and anal reflex in subjects with complete spinal cord lesions. Material and Methods we use laser 808, 915, 1064, 10600 nm. All these lasers irradiate sequentially the region around the lesion in each session, for to increase the anti-inflammatory effect at different layer and type of tissue. Laser 10600 nm have a decontracture and hyperemic effect on superficial layers, and influences the muscle tone. 808 nm have anti-inflammatory effect in deeper tissues, so it could be the best for the treatment of chronic inflammatory tissue. 1064 have effect on acute inflammation and could stop the hypersensibility of nervous tissue. 915 nm increase the microcirculation, so he could have an effect of venous-lymphatic drainage. We analyzed a group of 56 patients with complete CNSI ,treated from 2010 until 2017. Results and discussion a great limitation in the evaluation of this type of patient is the fact that each lesion is totally different than other. For this reason the variable parameters are much and correct statistic is always impossible. Our clinical impressions are that all patients had very important results, measured with usual diagnostic tools. Differences were noted in the time of improvement, absolutely subjective. Some patient interrupted the therapy for some years, and the results obtained remained. When they repeated the therapy, improvements restarted to increase again. This fact could demonstrate that the improvements are caused by laser treatment.

EFFECTS OF LASER THERAPY AND GRIMALDI’S MUSCLE SHORTENING MANEUVER ON SPASTICITY IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INJURIES D. Longo, PT, MSc St. 1, L. Longo, MD1, P. Lippi, PT, MSc2, G. Cherubini, PT,MSc St1, V. Mangé, PT,MSc St.1, M. Giudici, PT1, 1 Institute Laser Medicine, International Academy Laser Medicine And Surgery, Firenze – Italy; 2University of Florence- Florence, Italy Background Since 2003 year until today we treated more than 300 patients with Central Nervous System Injuries (CNSI), using Non-Surgical Laser Therapy (NSLT) obtaining good results in terms of sensibility and movement. In order to increase muscle strength and to further explore new emerging synergies, we have also started using a physical therapy practice based on the most current knowledge about the motor control, called Grimaldi’s Muscle Shortening Maneuver (MSM). Spasticity is often the most disabling symptom and the current therapies are still not able to heal it at all. The goal of our study is to suggest a new way of treatment of spasticity, supporting it with objective measurements of muscle thresholds. Materials and Methods In 2016-2017, 10 patients with traumatic or degenerative CNSI were enrolled. Lasers used were 808 nm, 10600 nm, and 1064 nm, applied with a first cycle of 20 sessions, four a day. Patients were subjected to Grimaldi’s Muscle Shortening Maneuver (MSM) twice a day, eight sessions at all, working selectively on hypertonic muscles and their antagonists. Before treatment under the level of lesion, muscles’ activity was tested with EMG system of surface (sEMG). Muscolar force at specific joint angles were assessed by some electronic hand-held dynamometers and goniometers. All these datas have been summarized in a single value that represents the muscle activation threshold (λ). This type of evaluation was also administered prior to and after each maneuver and at the end of each cycle of laser treatment. Every cycle of both treatments was replicated in average each month.

1702

Results Results were considered positive if the instrumental assessment procedure showed modifications in λ value and subjects improved their motor control in functional tasks. Encouraging results suggest the real correlation between laser and MSM therapies and modifications of TSR threshold λ in spastic muscles. Follow-up is positive after a month. Conclusion Associating laser treatment and Grimaldi’s Muscle Shortening Maneuver (MSM) seems to be effective on spasticity in patients affected by traumatic or degenerative CNSI.

EFFECT OF LASER STELLATE GANGLION STIMULATION ON THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM Francesco Paperini 1,2,3, PT Claudio Deriu 1, PT, PESS Luca Farinelli 4, PT Cristina Minneci 1,3, PT, MSc 1

Riabilita, Rehabilitation Firm, Pisa, Italy 2Functional Clinic, Rehab. Centre, Rosignano Solvay, Italy 3Starbene SRL, Rehabilitation Centre, Cerreto Guidi, Italy 4 My Physio, Rehabilitation Firm, Borgo a Mozzano, Italy Background Stellate ganglion (SG) is part of the sympathetic nervous system and it is formed by the fusion of the lower cervical ganglion and the first chest ganglion.SG plays a key role in the automatic system in relation to painful syndromes in the cervical and arm region. Physical Agent modalities (PAMs) can be a tool to stimulate or block SG, like laser irradiation or electrical stimulation. However, the relationship between SG, automatic system and pain in the cervical-arm region remains uncertain. Specifically in our review we found only the use of low power lasers. This study investigated the use of Laser therapy for the stimulation of SG and analyze the effects on the autonomous system in relation to the use of different wavelengths. Materials and Methods We started from a research on the SG stimulation or blocking of major search engines, as Pubmed and other. First we identified what variations are associated with SG stimulation and how to analyze and quantify, then which is the best access point to reach the ganglion with a laser stimulation. We analyzed the variation in pressure, heart rate and salivary composition after stimulating of the autonomous system and we decided to use the analysis of variations recorded by the cardiac holter during stimulation with different laser wavelengths to find the one that generates a higher SG response. Patients (10 selected for the study were placed holter for 3 h, during which the SG was stimulated according to a protocol that provided an application of 300 joule divided into 3 100 J spots. At the end of 3 h the data collected by the holter in relation to laser stimulation were examined. Results and Conclusion The study of 10 patients did reveal a small change in cardiac values only with some specific wavelengths. However, it was not possible to find a fairly significant correlation between SG stimulation and variation of the parameters under consideration. The number of patients was not enough to draw conclusions, so the study will take a wider sample with the goal of seeking a relationship between autonomic nervous system and THEAL therapy, also trying to vary the Joule disbursed in each session.

EFFECTS OF LASER THERAPY AND GRIMALDI’S MUSCLE SHORT MANOEUVRE ON WALKING PATTERN, IN PATIENTS AFFECTED BY INCOMPLETE SPINAL CORD INJURIES D. Longo, PT, MSc1, L. Longo, MD1, P. Lippi, PT, MSc2, O Sheykh, MD1, G. Cherubini, PT, MSc1, V. Mangé, PT, MSc1, M. Giudici, PT1, °Institute Laser Medicine, International Academy Laser Medicine And Surgery Firenze – Italy; *University of Florence- Florence, Italy Background and Objectives Since 2003 year until today we treated more than 250 patients with Traumatic Central Nervous System Injuries (TCNSI), using Non-Surgical Laser Therapy (NSLT). In addiction we

1703

used a physical therapy practice based on the most current knowledge about the motor control, called Grimaldi’s Muscle Shortening Manoeuvre (MSM). In this study we try to understand and analyze how the results in terms of muscle strength and muscle improvement may also be related to an improvement in a specific task such as walking. Study Design and Methods In 2017, 8 patients with incomplete TSCI, occurred at least one year before laser treatment and documented by NMR, ESSP, and ESMP, were enrolled. All patients have subtotal sensory and motor paralysis under the level of lesion, Spinal cord injury individuals who are capable of standing and walking in the parallel bars were enrolled. Lasers used were 808 nm, 10600 nm, and 1064 nm, applied with a first cycle of 20 sessions, four a day. Patients were involved in a specific physical therapy training (Grimaldi’s Muscle Shortening Manoeuvre) one time a day, five sessions at all, working selectively on certain joints, muscles and limbs. Patients followed a rehab training program with treadmill, walking with load relief and free walking. The walking improvements were analyzed with the Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI II), 6MWT and with inertial sensors. Results Results were considered as positive if WISCI II, 6MWT and inertial sensors showed modifications in walking. Objective assessment of walk displayed encouraging results. On subtotal TSCI, after each cycle of 20 sessions, patients showed improvements in motor function and voluntary command shown by the graphic features. Follow-up is positive after a month. Conclusion The association between laser treatment and Grimaldi’s Muscle Shortening Manoeuvre (MSM) seems to be effective on walking in patients affected by subtotal SCI.

TRANSCRANIAL PHOTOBIOMODULATION FOR STRESS: WHY, HOW, AND WHERE TO TREAT THE BRAIN TO RELAX THE BODY N. Wise, PT Post-Doctorate Research Fellow, Program on Integrative Med., Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Univ- of North Carolina- Chapel Hill, 187 School of Med, Wing D Chapel Hill, 7200, USA Stress begins in the brain. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) exerts top-down control over the autonomic stress response, and prolonged imbalance in frontal activity is thought to contribute to the development of disorders such as depression, chronic pain, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Reducing hyperactivity in the rPFC via non-invasive brain stimulation may reduce the stress response and its pathological consequences. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is a promising, yet underexplored, form of low-level laser therapy that targets the brain with near-infrared (NIR) light. tPBM has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and other types of brain dysfunction, with additional positive effects on mood, sleep, cognition, and pain. Dr. Nick Wise will present the mechanism and rationale for using tPBM as a tool to engage frontal network dynamics and thereby modulate autonomic function, as well as present immediate clinical applications for this exciting use of photobiomodulation.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

While it is recognised that development of the field has previously been hampered by small and low quality research studies, lack of detail in research reports, and insufficient funding, several authors have noted that these issues have largely been addressed. This notwithstanding, recent developments such as the rise of predatory publishing outlets, represent a significant threat to research integrity within the field, and to its recognition within the wider medico-scientific community. Proposals for meeting these challenges are presented.

BIOINFORMATIC INTEGRATION OF "OMICS" DATA TO E VA L U A T E A N D I M P R O V E L A S E R I N D U C E D NEUROREGENERATION AFTER SCI: AN OVERVIEW Mezzelani A1, Cupaioli F1, Sicurello F2, Milanesi L1 1 National Research Council-Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Segrate (MI), Italy 2 Italian Telemedicine and Medical Informatics Association, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy

Spinal cord injury (SCI) counts about 17,000 new cases each year in the United States. Since axons lose the competence to regenerate in adult mammals, SCI can lead to permanent neurological damages with dramatic personal, social and economic impacts. The long-term deficit of SCI results first from the type of insult and then from the secondary phase that includes many pathophysiological events. Among these, inflammation and epigenetic factors play a crucial role in the recovery of neuron connections. Variations in epigenetic and immune contribution, in turn, depend on age and health status as well as to microbiota profile of individuals at the time of, or consequent to SCI. Indeed, gut microorganisms, highly influence the immune system, but also produce bioactive substances such as folates, butyrate and acetate that participate to the epigenetic processes. Interestingly, variations in the profile of microbiota and bioactive substances have been described in patients with neurologic intestine because of SCI. Recently, different approaches, including stem cell therapy, use of biomaterial and laser therapy, have been proposed for neuronal regeneration after SCI but they are still far from resolutive interventions. As the complexity of pathophysiological processes of the secondary phase can deeply condition the success of regeneration, we provide a landscape of microbiota-epigeneticimmune modulation of neurological recovery predisposition or prevention. We discuss most of data about epigenetics (microRNAs, circulating microRNAs and chromatin remodelling) after SCI in animal models as well as microbiome profile of patients with SCI. We also propose a bioinformatics approach to compare "comics" data (gut microbiome, circulating microRNAs and inflammatory profiles) of patiens with SCI before and after laser therapy to evaluate and improve laser induced neuroregeneration. Acknowledgements: Flagship InterOmics (PB05)

TREATMENT OF MENISCO-CAPSULAR JUNCTION TEARS WITH HIGH POWER LASER RESEARCH IN LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY PHOTOBIOMODULATION: MEETING THE CHALLENGES TO RESEARCH INTEGRITY G. David Baxter, D, BSc, DPhil, MCSP Dean, Otago Univ. (NZ), School of Health Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand Research in Low Level Laser Therapy Photobiomodulation has developed exponentially since initial reports within the field in the 1970s: for example, over the last year, there have been over 100 clinical research studies completed in this area.

1

Pier Francesco Parra, MD, 1Giannino Algeri, Eng, 2Luca Farinelli, PT 3Tullio Stabile 1 Visiting Professor in Pisa University (Medicine and Surgery) 2 Physiotherapist in the Italian Tennis Federation National Teams 3 Osteopath in the Italian Tennis Federation National Teams The 80 per cent of the meniscal lesion hit the rear capsulo-muralis part. The previous studies were performed only with low-power laser with purely antalgic purpose. The aim of our work is to demonstrate that the high power laser defocused according to the original method of the author allows to replace in a large number of cases the traditional surgical operation.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

In the last three years 51 male and 49 females were treated in the range of 40 to 60 years with a fractured lesion of the posterior capsule part of the medial and lateral meniscus. Doctor Laser® Laser Power was used with 4 diode wavelengths and averaged 30 microseconds in three days for the first cycle followed by a second cycle of 30 additional microsessions. All this is done within a period not exceeding one month. The first phase is called 'joint' and consists in the welding of fissure, while the second phase consists in its elasticization. The positive results were 90 % so that this methodology can be considered as an election for that pathology.

ACUTE AND CHRONIC LUMBAGO TREATED WITH LASER 1064 & 808 nm L Longo, MD, O Sheykh, MD, D Longo, PT, MSc., P. Lippi, PT, MSc1,G Cherubini, PT, MSc., V Mangé, PT, MSc.1 and, M. Giudici, PT1 Institute Laser Medicine, IALMS, Florence, Italy 1University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy Background Acute and chronic lumbago, or low back pain syndrome, interests a large part of the population. Many causes are involved, many therapies are proposed, but each therapy may have side effects. Over the years, clinicians have treated this condition with different types of laser and different results. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine if treatment of acute and chronic lumbago with non-surgical laser therapy would result in immediate resolution of pain and muscle contracture. Study Design and Method This study included 50 middle aged patients of both sexes. Participants had acute lumbago which occurred from 1 to 7 days before the treatment. Twenty-eight patients were exposed to laser treatment whereas 22 were enrolled as a control group. Patients stopped other drugs and physical therapies, but they continue their daily activities. A Nd-YAG laser was used (1064 nm, 5 W PW, spot-size 6 mm, 105 J for spot, 35 Joule for passage. three passages for spot) 4 irradiations per day, for a maximum of 12 irradiations. Fifty patients suffering of chronic lumbago were treated with diode laser 808 nm (Eufoton) 36 J/scm, four irradiations per day, for a cycle of 20 irradiations. Results In acute lumbago, muscle contracture disappeared within the first three irradiations and pain within 6 irradiations. Treatment was continued until there was total resolution of the lumbago to avoid relapses. Two patients had a relapse, caused by excessive physical activity immediately after the elimination of the symptoms, pain and functional limitation. They were re-treated successfully. In chronic lumbago, muscle contracture disappeared within the first ten irradiations and pain reduced within 15 irradiations, disappeared 1 month after the end of the cycle. Discussion and Conclusion Nd-YAG laser proved effective for the treatment of acute lumbago. In previous experiences, Nd-YAG don’t given results in chronic lumbago. The advantages of using the Nd-YAG laser over the diode lasers include: shorter treatment sessions (seconds rather than minutes), fewer number of treatments, and more rapid recovery. Chronic low back pain syndrome is treatable positively with 808 nm and high dosage, after accurate diagnosis.

ADVANCED LASER THERAPY OF CHRONIC INDURATIO PENIS PLASTICA L Longo, MD, O Sheykh, MD Institute Laser Medicine, International Academy for Laser Medicine and Surgery, Florence, Italy Background From 1980 Laser Therapy was proposed in the treatment of the Induratio Peinis Plastica, but her role is still under investigation.

1704

Purpose We would like to investigate the clinical effects of more laser used contemporaneously in the reduction of the recovery time of Chronic La Peyronie’s Syndrome, called too Induratio Penis Plastica (IPP). We used high level of energy, watts rather than milliwatts, reducing the duration of each application, the number of application for cycle, and the number of the cycles in total. Material and Methods We performed cycles of 20 session of irradiation with a diode laser 810 nm, 12 J/cm2; a Nd-YAG Laser 1064 nm, PW, spot/size 6 mm2, 35 J for spot; CO2 laser 10600 nm, 36 J/spot :the lasers were applied sequentially, in each session. Total energy was variable with the localisation and the nature of the injury. Penis ecography established the exact localization and extension of the pathologic fibrous tissue, as plaque, nodules, ring. We treated 20 patients, 35–65 years old, selected following the same criteria: phlogosis sign present since twelwe months and more, negative results with other two types of physical therapy, exclusion of surgical cases. Results Ecographic test was repeated 1 month after the treatment, for the evaluation of the results. Further parameters of results evaluation were presence/absence of pain, phlogosis, recurvatio and functional limitation. The control were done comparing similar cases no treated with laser, selected with random criteria. Discussion Multiwavelenght Laser therapy of Chronic IPP had a high percentage of positive results, in total. If the reduction was less than 50 % after first cycle, we repeated further cycles, with same procedure. In average we performed three cycles /year for patient. The reduction of irradiation time for each session, the reduction of the number of sessions and of the cycles necessary for to obtain the improvement of clinical signs is very important. In opposite, the supposed negative effects of laser beam employed at high dosage of energy don’t appear, because the skin and the other tissue don’t present burns, if we respect the thermal relaxation time of the tissue irradiated.

LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY PHOTOBIOMODULATION FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF BREAST CANCER-RELATED LYMPHOEDEMA: AN UPDATE G David Baxter, Lizhou Liu, Simone Petrich*, Cathy Chapple, Juanita J Anders**, Steve Tumilty Rehabilitation Dept, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand * Department of Surgical Sciences, Southern District Health Board, Dunedin, New Zealand; **Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Maryland, United States Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide with nearly 1.7 million new cases diagnosed in 2012; breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is recognized as a chronic intractable long-term complication, with a prevalence of over 20 % in breast cancer survivors. Low Level Laser Therapy Photobiomodulation has been promoted for several decades as an effective adjunct to current management approaches. We have instigated a program of research in this area, recently completing a systematic review and feasibility trial in this area. We present an update on our findings to date, highlighting the challenges and opportunities for the future.

BENEFITS OF HIGH POWER LASER THERAPY FOR PATIENTS WITH DISORDERS OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM Vaclav Navratil 1 , Prihoda A 2 , Blaskova E 2 , Kimlickova M 2 , Efremova Y2, Navratil L2 1 Prague 4, Czech Republic The Czech Technical University in Prague, The Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, software engineer 2Clinic THERAP TILIA, Prague, Czech Republic

1705

Background Vertebrogenic Algic Syndrome is the predominant diagnosis in doctors' surgeries with a focus on treatment of the locomotor system. The main symptom for most afflicted sufferers is pain, which also limits the success of rehabilitation. Purpose The goal of the multi-year study was to assess the analgesic effect of two laser systems in patients with paravertebral musculoskeletal disorder of all ages compared to the classical treatment procedure. Material and methods Patients with a diagnosis of vertebrogenic algic syndrome with paravertebral pain were randomly assigned to three groups. One wavelength of 940 nm and a power of 5 W at a frequency of 10 Hz was applied to one group, while in the other two laser sources (in a simultaneous mode, one source with a wavelength of 808 nm operated in continuous mode and the other at a wavelength of 905 nm in pulse mode) with a maximum power of 1.1 W. In the third, control group, patients were treated by conventional manual therapy. Results The analgesic effect was assessed in 224 patients. A significant analgesic effect was achieved after completing laser therapy in 95 % of the probands and the success of the treatment was at a statistically significant level. Discussion and Conclusion The analgesic effect is a significant benefit for patients with paravertebral muscles pain. Laser therapy with a radiation source greater than 1 W is an effective option for rapid relief and shorter treatment duration. It is beneficial to classify it as one of the common physical therapy methods used in the locomotive apparatus.

MUSCLE SHORTENING MANOUVRE (MSM) IS EFFETCIVE I N T H E T R E AT M E N T O F PA I N F U L S H O U L D E R A COMPARISON WITH A TOPICAL NON STEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS (TNSAIDS) Melchiorre D., *Lippi P., **Marchi A., Maresca M.,***Lazzerini P., **Bagni M.A. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Sez. di Reumatologia, Università di Firenze. *USL Toscana Centro. Servizio di Fisioterapia. **Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Sez. di Scienze Fisiologiche, Università di Firenze.***USLToscana Area Nord-Ovest. Servizio di Riabilitazione Neurologica, Barga Purpose. Aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of MSM with efficacy of T-NSAIDs in patients (pts) with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). The effect of therapies were evaluated by US exam (US). Material and methods. SIS was diagnosed by US in 78 pts with painful shoulder (48 males and 30 females – mean age 58.6). Thirthy pts (first group) were treated with T-NSAIDs for 15 days. Forthy-eigth pts (second group) were treated with MSM, performed once only. The shoulder was analized in all pts by US (MyLab 70, ESAOTE with a linear probe 8-18 MHz) before and after treatment. Five tendons [supraspinatus tendon, teres minor, infraspinatus, subscapularis and biceps long tendon (LBT)], the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa (SSB), the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ), the coracoacromial ligament (CAL) and the glenoid cavity were studied. Before treatment and 15 days after, pain by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), range of motion (ROM) and Neer’s impingement sign were evaluated Results. In the first group width of hypoechoic LBT halo and width of SSB were showed by US. Width of ACJ was also present. In only 8 pts the encroachment of acromion into the rotator cuff and the protrusion of CAL were still not detectable by US. 11/30 pts (36%) showed slight improvement of VAS (p=0.02) and ROM. In the second group width of hypoechoic LBT halo, width of SSB, of ACJ, the encroachment of acromion and the protrusion of CAL were still not detectable by US. In 100% of pts VAS: p<0.02, ROM (p<0.01) and absence of Neer’s sign. After 15 days, improvement of US and clinical findings was maintained. Conclusions. T-NSAIDs is helpful in pain control. A better US findings and pain control was obtained by MSM. Haahr JP et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 64: 760-764Melchiorre D et al. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2014 Jan- Feb;32(1):5-10. Epub 2013 Sep 18.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CASTOR OIL USING RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY TECHNIQUE AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS Dr. JUAN CARLOS MARTINEZ ESPINOSA, J. C. Martinez Espinosa1, T. A. Gallegos de los Santos2, T. Córdova Fraga2, J. Bernal Alvarado2, M.S. Osegueda Robles2 1 Instituto Politecnico Nacional-Upiig, Silao de la Victoria 2Departamento de Ingeniería Física – DCI, Universidad de Guanajuato campus León, Loma del Bosque N. 103, Lomas del Campestre, 37150 León, GTO, México Castor oil is obtained from the seed of a plant whose scientific name is Ricinus communis. By its chemical and physical properties, it is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a stimulant in the regeneration and growth of hair, laxative medicine, moisturizing for the skin, as well as for the manufacture of synthetic fibers, pesticides, among other applications. In this work, Raman spectroscopy and principal component analysis (PCA) were used as an alternative for the quality control of castor oil extracted by reflux using solvents, and carry out the comparison to five commercial oils from different laboratories with the purpose to verify the biochemical similarities between them. A red excitation source of 785 nm was used, and the spectra set were recorded in the range of 500-3100 cm-1 with a power of 17 mW and exposition time of 15 s. The results indicate that the oil extracted by reflux has a high correlation with respect to bands associated with fatty acids in 1263, 1655 and 3013 cm-1, which are characteristic frequencies in vegetable oils. Also, it was possible to qualitatively evaluate each sample based on the characteristic patterns generated by PCA. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that Raman Microscopy can be used as an alternative non-destructive technique to evaluate quality control in vegetable oils with a high economic value in the market.

COMPACT Nd:YAG LASER OPERATING AT 1.06, 1.32, AND 1.44 UM IN DENTISTRY M. Kadlecová, T. Dostalova, H. Jelinkova, M. Nemec, J. Sulc, M. Fibrich, K. Nejezchleb, N. Kapitch Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Crytur, Turnov, Czech Republc Objective Dental caries is still a major health problem worldwide. Mutans streptococci play an important role in the development of dental caries, and the presence of them has been used in individual assessments of caries risk. Saliva-Check Mutans immunoassay detection system has been introduced for the rapid detection of Streptococcus mutans in saliva in patients with more than 500 000 colony forming units per ml (cfu/ml). The kit detects secretory anti-mutans streptococci IgA in saliva. Laser irradiation has been known due to its potential to eliminate bacteria. Bacterial reduction has depended on radiation energy, bacterial species, time of radiation, and radiation frequency. Methods The purpose of this study was to evaluate the disinfection possibility of a compact switchable flashlamp-pumped Nd:YAG laser system emitting at three separate near-infrared wavelengths 1.06, 1.32, or 1.44 μm. Interaction energy was 916 mJ; 435 and 229 mJ. Maximal pumping energy was 62 J and pump pulse duration 800 ms). The study group consisted of 18 patients with high concentration of Streptococcus mutans in saliva. Every positive salivary sample was divided into 3 parts and one by one irradiated by radiation of three various wavelengths 1.06, 1.32, and 1.44 μm. The level of Streptococcus mutans was checked immediately after laser application. Results Our study proved that after laser irradiation the Saliva-check test showed negative presence of Streptococcus mutans. Conclusions The disinfection effect was confirmed for all the radiation wavelength used. For 1.44 um this effect was produced with the smallest energy density.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

1706

COMPACT PASSIVELY Q-SWITCHED 1064 NM LASER SOURCE WITH OUTPUT BEAM CORRECTION FOR OPHTHALMIC APPLICATION

CLINICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF LASER THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF ORAL MUCOSITIS IN AN ANIMAL MODEL

Nickalai Kapitch1, Turnov, K. Nejezchleb, V. Škoda, H. Jelinkova, M. Nemec, M. Čech 1 Czech Republic Crytur Ltd., Laser Physics Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Department of Physical Electronics

Lívia Vitória*, RM Machado**, CRB Oliveira *, TT Rodriguez***, MCT Cangussu*, CC Mathias****, LMP Ramalho* * School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brasil. ** School of Medicine, Bahia Foundation for the Development of Sciences, Salvador, Brazil. *** Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil **** NOB/Oncoclínicas

The aim of this study was the construction and optimization of the easy customizable flash-lamp pumped passively Q-switched 1064 nm laser source for ophthalmic application where photodisruption is needed. During the study different cavity designs were tested. To output beam correction, Graded Reflectivity Mirrors were applied. Laser Q-switching was provided by Cr4+ :YAG saturable absorber. For every cavity design the output energy and output beam profile were measured. As result of this work three optimal laser configurations were defined, which have the following output parameters: output energy 30, 40 and 17,5 mJ, pulse duration 6 ns, output beam diameter 1,2, 1,6 and 2,0 mm, respectively. All of these laser configuration produces optical breakdown in air after focusing to spot of 50 um in series of 50 pulses. Every of selected systems can be applicable for ophthalmologic surgery e.g. removing of secondary cataract.

PHOTOBIOMODULATION THERAPY ASSOCIATED WITH TREADMILL TRAINING IN THE OXIDATIVE STRESS IN A COLLAGEN-INDUCED ARTHRITIS MODEL S. A. dos Santos; A. J. Serra; M. A. S. Vieira; M. C. Brandão; T. G. Stancker; B. Lemes; E. C. L. Junior; P. T. C. Carvalho São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo Universidade Nove de Julho Uninove, PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a inflammatory disease characterized by chronic and systemic inflammation, which leads to destruction of the cartilage and bone, affects. Oxidative stress has been implicated in involvement in various disease conditions, such as, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and rheumatoid arthritis diseases. In vivo experimental studies using photobiomodulation therapy have shown positive effects in reducing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant activity. The practice of physical exercise has also been reported as a beneficial treatment capable of reducing oxidative damage. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of photobiomodulation therapy associated with physical exercise on oxidative stress in an experimental model of rheumatoid arthritis in protein expression: Superoxide dismutase; Glutathione Peroxidase and Catalase on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Twenty-four male rats divided into 4 groups were submitted to an AR model (C IA), 1st, 2nd immunization performed at the base of the tail, after 28 days the 3rd intra-articular dose was administered in both knees of the animals. After the last induction, photobiomodulation therapy at doses of 2 and 4 joules, 808 nm, 50 mW, 0.028 cm² was started immediately, transcutaneously at two points: medial and lateral. Treadmill exercise started the day after the last induction and lasted 5 weeks. As results we obtained the decrease of the lipid peroxidation and increase of the antioxidant activities of Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase and Catalase with physical exercise associated to photobiomodulation therapy. Conclusion: Physical exercise associated with photobiomodulation therapy therapy decreases lipid peroxidation and increases antioxidant activity.

Oral mucositis (MO) is considered to be the most severe stomatologic complication associated with antineoplastic treatment, which may lead to its interruption. Several current clinical protocols have proven the benefits of Laser Photobiomodulation (LP) in the prevention and control of MO, due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and its stimulation of mesenchymal cells proliferation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the action of laser in initial events of chemo-induced MO. Eight Hamsters were divided into 2 groups (G): GI positive control (induction of MO) and GII Laser (induction of MO + Laser therapy). MO was induced by two injections of 5-Fluorouracil followed by grooves in the mucosa of the cheek pouch. The PL (Diode Laser of Gallium and Aluminum Arsenide, λ660nm, 40 mW, 2,4 J/cm2) was performed on day 0 of the experiment and every 48 h until day 6. On day 7 the mucosa was photographed for clinical analysis according to Lima et al., 2005 and the animals were killed, for bag removal and histological processing for Hematoxylin and Eosin (H / E) staining. After statistical analysis (Fischer's Exact) with a significance level 0.5 %, it was concluded that the LP, according to the adopted protocol, was able to prevent MO, and most hamsters showed no visible clinical changes in the cheek pouch. Histologically, it was observed that LP reduced angiogenesis and recruitment of inflammatory cells in G2. According to the results obtained LP was effective in preventing and reducing the severity of oral mucositis.

E VA L U A T I O N O F P H O T O T H E R A P Y I N T H E DIFFERENTIATION OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN T H E T I S S U E R E PA I R O F R AT S S U B M I T T E D TO A HYPERLIPIDEMIC DIET L. Ramalho, LS Santos, VDU Silva, LAVitória, TT Rodriguez, AMC Marques, FCA Xavier. School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brasil. Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil Obese people present a greater risk of developing other systemic diseases and comorbidities such as compromising the tissue repair process. Laser phototherapy can contribute to this repair by improving cellular functions, since stem cells may play an important role in repair due to their pluripotent potential. In this way, the influence of Laser Phototherapy (LP) was evaluated in the tissue repair of rats submitted to a hyperlipid diet through CD49 immunostaining for adipose stem cells. Forty-eight Wistar albinus rats were divided into two experimental groups: Standard Diet (SD) and Hyperlipid Diet (HD) for 20 weeks. After this period, excisional dorsal cutaneous wounds of 1 cm2 were made. The groups were subdivided into control and laser, the laser groups were irradiated (Diode Laser of Gallium and Aluminum Arsenide, λ660nm, 40 mW, 6 J / cm2) immediately after the surgery and every 48 h. A group of rats were killed on day 7 and the other group on day 14 and the specime ns proce ssed by the immunohistochemical technique. The SD group presented antibodies marked with moderate to intense intensity, whereas in the HD group the weak staining for the time of 14 days prevailed. The irradiation protocol employed had no influence on the CD49 marker when compared to the control and irradiated groups over

1707

the same period. According to the methodology used and the results obtained it is concluded that laser light does not influence the recruitment of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the tissue repair process.

DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF MYOFIBROBLASTS ON CO2 LASER WOUNDS AND SCALPEL WOUNDS: AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL. R. Machado, CRB Oliveira, LA Vitória, FCA Xavier, ALB Pinheiro, AC Freitas, L M P Ramalho School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brasil. Wound contraction of both traumatic and surgical origin may reduce or limit the function of the tissue. Myofibroblasts are cells involved on the process of wound contraction, which is smaller on CO2 Laser wounds. The aims of this study were to quantitative and statistically assess the presence of myofibroblasts on both conventional and CO2 Laser wounds. Thirty-two animals (rattus norvegicus) were divided into four groups and operated using either the CO2 Laser (groups A1 and A2) or conventional scalpel (groups B1 and B2). The animals were sacrificed eight days postoperatively (groups: A1 and B1) and 14 th days after surgery (groups: A2 and B2). The specimens were routinely processed to wax and stained with a-Smooth Muscle Actin (aSMA) and analyzed under light microscopy (40X). Two standard areas around the wound of each slide were selected and used to count the number of myofribroblasts present using a calibrated eyepiece and a gr aticule. The number of myofibroblasts at day eight was significantly higher than at day 14Th. Comparison of the two techniques at day eight showed significant differences between the two groups (Laser, p = 0.007 and scalpel, p = 0.001). The number of cells present on group B1 was significantly higher than group A1 (p = 0.001). However at the 14th day there was no such difference (p = 0,072). It is concluded that the small number of myofibroblasts at day eight after wounding with the CO 2 Lasermay be the reason why contraction on this wound is smaller than the one observed in conventional surgery.

TREATING POSTSTROKE LIMB PAIN Bela Hegedus, Szilvia Hegedus *Ss. Cosmas and Damian Rehabilitation Institute, Visegrád, Hungar, Locomotor Rehabilitation, Szeged, Hungary **Institute of Education, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Introduction The most frequent complication among stroke sufferers is shoulder pain on the affected side. Our aim was to study laser treatment, which we have previously demonstrated as exercising a favourable, microcirculation-boosting and analgesic effect in poststroke limb pain. Methods We randomly selected 30 clients who had undergone an ischaemic stroke. We administered a physical therapy programme for 16 of them. For the other 14, we employed laser treatment on the shoulder joint of the affected side three times a week for a total of nine times (λ: 810 nm, P: 50 mW, total dose: 40 J/cm2). We completed a physiotherapy documentation sheet and took thermographic images for both groups before and after treatment. We studied changes in joint function (“global joint function” [%]), muscle strength (Medical Research Council scale), pain (visual analogue scale) and temperature (oC). We measured changes in individual parameters for each group and between groups (two-sample ttest; p < 0.05). Results We found significant improvement in the laser group after treatment for all the parameters under investigation compared to the beforetreatment values. We also observed significant improvement in the control

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

group after treatment for all the parameters under investigation compared to the before-treatment values. In comparing the two groups, we found that the degree of change in the laser group was more significant than that in the control group for joint function (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our results demonstrate that laser treatment may be considered an effective method in treating poststroke limb pain due its microcirculation-boosting and analgesic effect.

PHOTOBIOMODULATION OF PAIN IN A COLLAGENASEINDUCED MODEL OF TENDINITIS IN RATS - MOLECULAR AND FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS Soraya Piccirillo1; Patrícia Almeida1; Romildo Torres Da Silva2; Rodrigo Alvaro Brandao Lopes-Martins2; Rodrigo Leal De Paiva Carvalho3; Paulo De Tarso Camilo De Carvalho1; Antônio Soares4; Marcelo Nicolas Muscará4; Rodrigo Labat Marcos1 1 Jacareí, São Paulo University Of Nove De Julho, Biophotonics Applied In Health Sciences; Uninove, Sao Paulo - SP - Brazil; 2UMC, Mogi Das Cruzes - SP - Brazil; 3USC, Bauru - SP - Brazil. 4ICB - USP, São Paulo SP - Brazil Tendinopathies are alterations in tendon health, where the treatment used is the pharmacological for pain relief with unsatisfactory results due to its side effects. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) have being a promising therapy in the modulation of acute and chronic inflammation with no adverse effects. The objective of this study was to study the effect of LLLT on the gene expression of COX-2, neurokinin1 and on the improvement of functional parameters. Male wistar rats (AEC-AN0037) were separated into 4 groups: healthy tendon (CTL), untreated tendinitis (NT) and Tendinitis treated with Sodium Diclofenac (DIC) or LLLT (L3J) in the following irradiation parameters: (Laser CW, 830 nm, 107.14 J / cm2, 3 J, 100 mW and beam diameter = 0.028 cm). Tendinitis was induced by collagenase injection (100 μg/animal) on the calcaneus tendon. The animals was treated daily until 7th day. The animal paw compression test (Randall&Selitto) was performed and then the animals were euthanized and the tendon was removed for molecular analysis. Animals of the NT showed increased expression of COX-2 and NK1 (223.260100 ± 10.692710UA) compared to the CTL (100 ± 4.0251UA). Both DIC and L3J presented a reduction in the expression of COX-2 and NK1 (88.656130 ± 11.444890UA and 56.871650 ± 32.277470UA), respectively, compared to the NT. L3J presented improvement in the functional parameters of the paw compression (1.56667 ± 6.908208 g), with similar values to the control group (0.8 ± 3.051119 g) when compared to the NT (-24.04 ± 12,89178 g). LLLT modulated the expression of the COX-2 inflammatory enzyme by controlling the painful process by reducing neurokinin expression and improving functional parameters. Keywords: Photobiomodulation, LLLT, Tendinopathy, Pain, Neurokinin, COX-2

PHOTOBIOMODULATION LASER IMPROVES THE EARLY REPAIR PROCESS OF HYPOTHYROID RATS Virgínia Uzêda* e Silva, Tania Tavares Rodriguez, Flávia Calo Aquino Xavier, Jean Nunes dos Santos, Rebeca Mota Vasconcelos, Luciana Maria Pedreira Ramalho *Federal University of Bahia, Estomatology Salvador Bahia NYU Langone Medical Center Delay in wound healing has been observed in the hypothyroidism disfunction. Laser light can modulate various biological phenomena acting on different cell types. However, there are few reports in the literature

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

regarding the effects of laser on wound healing of hypothyroid models. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in reepithelialization process of cutaneous wounds on hypothyroid and euthyroid rats treated with laser phototherapy. Forty-eight rats were divided into two main groups: euthyroid (EU) and hypothyroid (HYPO). Hypothyroidism was induced by Thyroidectomy. Each group was divided into subgroups: control (without laser) and laser groups. Standard surgical wound was created on the dorsum of each rat. The irradiation protocols (λ660 nm, 40 mW, CW; 10 J/ cm2) was carried out immediately after wounding and repeated every 24 h during 3 and 7 days. After animal death, specimens were taken, routinely processed, cut, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and underwent his tologica l analysis. Three days after the surgery, it was possible to observe initial reepithelialization in more advanced stages in the wound area of the irradiated hypothyroid group when compared to control hypothyroid group (p < 0,05). No significant difference was found in the experimental period of 7 days among the groups. It was concluded that the laser light did influence reepithelialization process on hypothyroid rats in early stages of healing process.

1708

Dental caries were conventionally removed by burs in past decades. Since the advent of dental lasers, researchers have been exploring possibilities of treating dental caries by different lasers. Due to the characteristics of Er:YAG laser, it is able to remove dental caries efficiently. And Er:YAG laser has been proved to be comparable with traditional way in microhardness of residual caries-affected dentin, adhesive bonding performance and microleakage. Case Report A 21-year old female patient came to our department for treatment of the caries in her left lower 2nd molar. After examination, tooth #37 was diagnosed as occlusal caries. Er:YAG laser (LiteTouch, Syneron, Israel) was applied to remove the caries: 1.3 mm*17 mm sapphire tip, 400 mJ, 20Hz, 100 % water for ablation in enamel part while 250 mJ, 30 Hz, 100 % water for ablation in dentin. After all the caries were eliminated, S3 Bond was applied on the ablated surface as adhesive and light cured. Then resin restoration was done layer by layer (Fig.7). Finally surface polishing and smoothing were done. After 2 weeks, the patient came for following visit without any discomfort, and the restoration was stable. Er: YAG was efficient in dental caries removal, comparable with traditional bur without thermal damage to the pulp.

ER:YAG LASER APPLICATION IN BONE APOPHYSIS ABLATION:A CASE REPORT Chen Liang, DDS, MD Department of Dentistry, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China Bone apophysis is often occurred after tooth extraction. Before restoration, it is necessary to remove bone apophysis and smooth bone surface. In our daily clinical treatment, Traditional operation method is to utilize steel scalpels and traditional mechanical methods. Experience has shown that the laser is safer to surrounding tissue than rotating instruments. Taking all the points into consideration leads us to select a laser from the Erbium family as the most suitable platform for this procedure. The Erbium family of lasers is the only one which delivers a tissuecooling water spray together with the laser beam, an extremely important feature when lasing bone tissue. Case Report 68-year-old female patient required full denture restoration. In the maxillary arch was needed for bone ablation of the bone apophysis. The patient had no systemic medical history. Intraoral examination: It showed bone apophysis on the maxilla. The patient felt pain when the bone apophysis getting pressure. The mucosa appeared white on the zone). The patient was operated using laser assisted technique for bone ablation. After local anesthesia, using 4 % articaine with epinephrine 1/200000, an incision was performed around the bone apophysis using LiteTouch Er:YAG laser at these parameters: energy 50 mJ, frequency 40 Hz. When showing bone apophysis, bone ablation was operated with tip: 1.3 mmÅ ~ 17 mm, 200 mJ, 30 Hz, 100 % water for ablation, 150 mJ, 50 Hz, 100 % water for smoothing. After ablation of bone apophysis and smoothing the bone surface, the suturing was needed for controlling bleeding. The patient, observed in the following day, reported that he was no longer in pain and no swelling and no wound infection was found. Bone ablation with the Er:YAG laser takes less time, and invariably delivers better results than conventional treatments, more comfortable, less bleeding and less pain. The Er:YAG laser can be safely and effectively utilized for bone ablation, without causing thermal side-effects on the soft and hard tissue.

ER:YAG LASER ABLATION IN CARIES REMOVAL: A CASE REPORT Lu Qin, DDS, MD Stomatology Department, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital (China)

ER:YAG LASER-ACTIVATED IRRIGATION ASSISTEDNONSURGICAL RE-TREATMENT OF MAXILLARY FIRST MOLARS TREATED WITH “RUSSIAN RED CEMENT”: A CASE REPORT Yuhao Bai, DDS, MSc Dept of Dentistry, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China Placement of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) resin material in pulp chambers and root canals has been one of the preferred methods of endodontic therapy for many years in Eastern Europe, Russia and China. The consistency of the filling material in these fillings varies from soft to “brick hard”. RF resin is a combination of formaldehyde/alcohol, resorcinol powder, and a sodium hydroxide catalyst. It is mixed to various consistencies and placed in root canals as a temporary or permanent obturating material. The methods for using RF therapy were described in 1957 and have been widely used since 1960[3]. In this case report, Er:YAG laser activated irrigation was used to remove the canal debris and to assist the canal negotiation in a maxillary molar treated with “Russian red cement” endodontic therapy. Case report A 50-year-old woman came to our dental office with a chief complaint of dull pain in her right maxillary posterior tooth for one week. Dental history showed the tooth was treated with “Russian red cement” 20 years ago. The clinical examination revealed a swelling in the buccal sulcus adjacent to the right maxillary first molar, and tooth was restored with tooth-colored restoration and was tender to percussion. A radiolucent area was periapically observed in the mesio-buccal root of #16 upon pre-operative radiographic examination. Based on the clinical and radiographic examination, a diagnosis of chronic apical periodontitis was made and a nonsurgical root canal retreatment was planned. After local anesthesia with PRIMACAINE (4 % articaine containing 1:100000epinephrine, Pierre Rolland, Acteon Parma, France), #16 was isolated with rubber dam. The tooth-colored restoration was removed and access cavity preparation was completed. The second mesio-buccal orifice was located using DG-16 explorer under a dental operating microscope (OPMI PROergo; Car Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany). The working length of the first mesio-buccal canal (MB1), second mesiobuccal canal (MB2) and palatal canal (P) was determined using an apex locator (VDW Gold, VDW, Germany). An obvious obstacle was found in the coronal part of the disto-buccal canal (DB) and the canal cannot be negotiated with C-pilot file. Er:YAG laser (Litetouch, Syneron, Israel) with a sapphire working tip (AS70722, Diameter: 0.6 mm, Length: 17 mm) was used for

1709

laser-activated irrigation (LAI) with an irrigant of 1 % sodium hypochlorite solution to remove the debris in the disto-buccal canal. The working tip was placed in the pulp chamber filled with irrigant, right above the disto-buccal orifice. Parameters were as follows: 50 mJ, 30 Hz, 30 seconds for 1 cycle. After the first laser-activated irrigation cycle, there was an “insertion” filling the coronal third of DB could reached using ISO #10C-pilot file. After the second laser-activated irrigation cycle, the apical region could be reached. The working length of DB was determined after the third laser-activated irrigation cycle. The canals were instrumented with Mtwo files (VDW, Germany) to size ISO 25, taper 06. After canal instrumentation, each canal was irrigated using LAI for 3 cycles to remove the dentin debris and the canals were dried with a paper point. The root canals were filled with calcium hydroxide paste (Multi-Cal, Pulpdent, USA) and the tooth was temporized filled with Cavit (ESPE, Seefeld, Germany). At the second visit, the canals were irrigated using LAI with 1 % sodium hypochlorite solution to remove the intra-canal calcium hydroxide dressing. A diode laser (Pilot, Cao (China) Medical Equipment Co., LTD, China) with a wavelength of 810 nm was used for intra-canal disinfection. A200 μm diameter fiber was inserted in the root canal, 1 mm short of the working length and removed with a circular and retrograde movement from apical region to the cervical part of canal. The canals were obturated with bioceramic sealer (iRootSP, Innovative BioCeramic Inc., Canada) and single-cone technique. Tooth was temporized with Cavit and the patient was referred to the prosthodontic department.

PERCUTANEOUS APPLICATION OF POLICHROMATIC VISIBLE AND INFRARED LIGHT (480-3400 nm) SIMILAR TO SOLAR RADIATION, TRIGGERS SYSTEMIC MECHANISM OF DOWNREGULATION OF THE HUMAN MYELOMA CELL PROLIFERATION AND ENHACES EFFECT OF CYTOSTATIC DRUG Anna Shcherbanyuk 1 , N.V. Kalmykova 1 , S.I.Moiseev 1 , K.A.Samoilova2 1 The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia 2Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia Polychromatic visible (VIS) light combined with IR rays is dominating optical radiation of Sun. It is simulated by light of phototherapeutic device “Bioptron”, that is widely used in medicine. However its oncological safety remains unstudied. We investigated the influence of blood serum of volunteers before and after course of their 4 daily exposures to Bioptron Light (BL) on proliferation of the human multiple myeloma (MM) cells (RPMI 8226 line) under their cultivation in vitro and on the effectiveness of cytostatic drug bortezomib. Small area of low back (225 cm2) of volunteers (n = 6) was irradiated (Bioptron-2, 480-3400 nm, 40 mW/cm2) using therapeutic dose - 12 J/ cm2. Human MM cells were cultured with 5 % of blood serum of each volunteer, taken before BL –course and on the 5Th day after 4 daily course. Cell viability was evaluated in MTT assay. Cytostatic effect of bortezomib was studied in the short regime (1 h treatment, 300 nM (IC50). Culturing of MM cells for 48 h in presence of serum samples of all irradiated volunteers inhibited cell proliferation on average by 32 %, as compared with culturing with serum of unirradiated volunteers. Culturing the MM cells in presence of serum of light-irradiated individuals for 48 h enhanced cytotoxic activity of drug by 40 %, while after culturing for 96 h cytotoxic effect of drug increased up to 68 %. Conclusion Exposure of volunteers to VIS + IR light promotes appearance in blood of soluble factors inhibiting proliferation of human tumor cells in vitro and significantly enhances effect of cytostatic drug.

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

THE EFFECT OF PHOTOTHERAPIES ON BONE REPAIR OF E U T H Y R O I D A N D H Y P O T H Y R O I D R AT S : R A M A N SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY Amanda P. Soares1, Luiz G. P. Soares1, Jean Nunes dos Santos2, Landulfo Silveira Jr3, Antonio Luiz. B. Pinheiro1,2,4,5 1 Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal Univ. of Bahia, Salvador 2Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil 3 Center for Innovation, Technology and Education – CITE, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi – UAM, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil 4National Inst. Basic Optics and Applied to Life Science, São Carlos, SP, Brazil 5Biomedical Engineering PhD Program, Brazil University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil The repair of bone tissue is complex and can be influenced by several local and systemic factors that can delay the repair. Laser and LED phototherapies have shown positive results in the repair of bone tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate, through Raman spectroscopy, the influence of laser (λ780 nm) and LED (λ850 nm) phototherapies in the repair of surgical defects in femurs of euthyroid and hypothyroid rats. Thirty Albinus Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. The animals of the hypothyroid groups were submitted to surgical removal of the thyroid gland. After general anaesthesia, a surgical bone defect was created in the femur of each animal. In group I (Euthyroid) the defect was filled only by blood clot; In Group II (Hypo) the defect was created in hypothyroid animals and filled with blood clot; In Group III (Euthyroid Laser) the defect was filled with blood clot and irradiated with Laser (λ780 nm, 70 mW, CW, 20.4 J/cm2 per session); on Group IV (Hypo Laser) the defect was made in a hypothyroid animal, filled by blood clot and irradiated with Laser; on Group V (Euthyroid LED) the defect was filled by blood clot and irradiated LED (λ850 ± 10 nm, 150 mW, spot = 5 cm², CW, 20.4 J/cm2 per session) and on Group VI (Hypo LED) the defect was created in hypothyroid animals and filled with blood clot and LED irradiated. Irradiation was carried out at every 48-h for 15 days. Specimens were taken, stored in liquid nitrogen and, analysed by Raman Spectroscopy. Statistical analysis using ANOVA (General Linear Model) was applied to the intensities of the peaks of interest (~960, ~1072, and ~1454 cm-1). The results showed that the health status had significant influence all peaks. Irradiation influenced only the peak of ~1454 cm-1. It is concluded that phototherapies influences bone repair in cases of thyroid diseases.

APPROACH AND POTENTIALITY OF LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY IN VETERINARY MEDICINE 42 YEARS EXPERIENCES IN OUR LASER CLINIC AND LABORATORY V.Paterniani, VMD Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy The Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is an innovative and increasing therapeutic technique in Veterinary Medicine. As in Human Medicine, the low power red/near-infrared laser light could be used to reduce inflammatory conditions, induce analgesia and promote damaged tissues repair, both in conventional animals like horses, dogs and cats and in unconventional ones, including reptiles, birds and exotic mammals. Since A. Eistein (1917) and E. Mester (1968) built its physical and biochemical fundamentals, a growing number of researches, over the years, have expanded the knowledge of the molecular process considered today at the basis of the macroscopic therapeutic effects. Producing a photochemical tissue interaction, laser light is absorbed by the mitochondrial respiratory chain stimulating the generation of ATP, ROS and NO; this

Lasers Med Sci (2017) 32:1669–1710

determines a modulation in gene expression of proteins playing key roles in cellular processes as tissue repair, inflammatory response and pain control. Different animal pathological conditions could significantly benefit from this therapy, such as acute/chronic muscle-skeletal disorders, dental afflictions, dermatitis, otitis, stomatitis and different kind of skin lesions, as traumatic or post-operative ones. Furthermore, other significant applications are developing scientifically: the treatment of internal organ diseases, the regenerative effects on nervous tissue and the possibility of a beneficial cell-specific cytotoxicity, relevant for oncological cases, are some of these. A high quality research is therefore crucial for this quickly expanding field of Veterinary Medicine, in order to find the most effective protocols and the ideal doses for each pathological conditions, aiming to always ensure the best and up-to-date animal care. Takafumi Ohshiro MD. PhD.1, Toshio Ohshiro MD. PhD.2, Katsumi Sasaki MD., PhD.3, Reiko Sakio MD. PhD.4 1 Associate Professor of the school of medicine, Keio University, Vicepresident of the Ohshiro Clinic. 2Prof. of the school of medicine, Keio University, President of the Ohshiro Clinic, and Japan medical laser laboratory. 3Assistant Professor of the school of medicine, Keio University, Vice-president of the Ohshiro Clinic. 4Assistant of the school of medicine, Keio University, Fellow of the Ohshiro Clinic. In 1975, we have established the first private clinic specialized in laser treatment in the world. At first we imported an industrial ruby laser device (Korad K2 Ruby laser system) from USA, and modified and adjusted to medical laser device. We mainly have treated nevus and vascular lesions. From our experiences of laser treatment on the skin, we established the concept of the Ohshiro’s laser apple and classified the laser treatments to HLLT and LLLT. We discovered the clinical applications to hair removal, keloid and scars, aging-related skin disorders, and rejuvenation in HLLT, and inflammatory skin disorders, immune disorders, pain reliefs, infertilities for female and male, and sports medicine in LLLT. To date, we have treated 68894 cases in dermatology plastic surgery, 9317 cases in pain clinic and 814 cases in the treatment of infertility. In this lecture, we would like to speak our experiences of our 42 year’s laser treatment and mention the future of the laser medicine.

LASER APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE: AN EVOLUTION Raymond J. Lanzafame, M.D., M.B.A., F.A.C.S. Raymond J. Lanzafame, MD PLLC; Rochester, NY USA Lasers have made a remarkable impact on patient care in a variety of specialties since their advent in 1961. These versatile devices have been used to provide solutions for diagnostic and therapeutic problems and offer the scientist and clinician the opportunity to tailor strategies to fit specific and unique scenarios. The majority of “laser surgeries” actually use laser devices in place of other tools such as scalpels, electrosurgery units, cryosurgery probes or microwave devices to accomplish standard procedures like mastectomy or cholecystectomy. Lasers allow one to

1710

accomplish more complex tasks. Proper use can reduce blood loss, decrease post operative discomfort, reduce the chance of wound infection, decrease the spread of some cancers, minimize the extent of surgery in selected circumstances, and result in better wound healing, if they are used by a skilled and properly trained clinician. They are useful in both open and minimally invasive procedures. These devices are interchangeable to some degree, assuming that the proper delivery device and parameters are selected. Some surgeons reserve lasers for specialty procedures such as tumor resections, including nonanatomic resection of liver metastases, surgery of patients with bleeding disorders, and the treatment of infected or contaminated wounds. Others use these devices for various aesthetic procedures. Although these instruments provide many advantages, it is unlikely that they will completely replace scalpels and other “standard” instruments. This presentation explores some of the issues and opportunities concerning the application of lasers in medicine and surgery. DOSIMETRY FOR LASER BIOMODULATION

David Sliney, MD Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Biophysics/Medical Physics, Fallston, MD, USA Background Opinions differ on appropriate means to quantify dose in laser biomodulation. Measuring or calculating exposure dose and doserate depend upon the mechanism of interaction of light with key subcellular molecules (chromophores) and organelles. It is also not completely clear whether ambient light levels influence clinical efficacy and whether coherent light is more or less effective than incoherent light. Purpose To provide recommendations for calculating and measuring exposure dose at the target tissue. Material and Methods Standardized photobiological dosimetric quantities and units are reviewed and the implications for photobiomodulation interaction mechanisms examined. For treatment of retinal disorders and for assessing retinal safety, the dose must be calculated for the retinal plane. Results Both radiant fluence and radiant fluence rate are appropriate photobiological measures of dose and dose rate, but are generally not measured or calculated. Radiant exposure and irradiance may be measured at the exposure surface. There are few differences between laser and incoherent exposure from the standpoint of known photobiological mechanisms. There are very localized points of high irradiance within target tissue from laser speckle, but these are not present from incoherent illumination. Discussion and Conclusions Without a complete understanding of photobiological interaction mechanisms it is difficult to recommend with certainty the best dosimetric approach. If laser speckle were actually important, the stability of the laser beam could be very important. If cell signaling is fundamental to the photobiological effect, then the presence of ambient light of different wavelengths could be expected to affect the results of exposure.