80 Raith, J., Papesch, W. and Schroll, E.: Kohlenstoff- und Sauerstoffisotope scheelitfreier und scheelitfiihrender Karbonatgestcine aus den Ostalpen. Anz. 6sterr. Akad. Wiss. math. naturwiss. K1 1988, 5:59-64 (1988) Raith, J.G.: Stratabound scheelite in metacarbonate rocks - e x a m ple from the Lower Austroalpine Klamm Alto mineralization, Navis, Tyrol, Austria. Transactions Instn. Mining Metall. Sect. B, 99:BS1 -B90 (1990) Reid, J.C.: Stratabound tungsten deposits in metamorphic terrains: stratabound scheelite deposits of Northeast-Brazil. Soc. Mining. Eng. of AIME, preprint: 83-128 (1983) Skaarup, P.: Strata-bound scheelite mineralization in skarns and gneisses from the Bindal area, northern Norway. Mineral. Deposita 9: 299- 308 (1974) Stumpfl, E.F.: Manganese haloes surrounding metamorphic stratabound base metal deposits. Mineral. Deposita 14:207217 (1979)

Tweto, O.: Scheelite in the Precambrian gneisses of Colorado. Econ. Geol. 55:1406-1428 (1960) Voest-Alpine AG: Scheelitprospektion 1982 in Teilen Tirols, Salzburgs, K/irntens und der Steiermark. Unpubl. Rep. Mineralwirtsch. Bergbaueng., p. 54, Eisenerz (1983) Weber, J.: Metamorphosestudien an pelitischen Gesteinen der Wolfsberger Serie und der tieferen Anteile des Koralpenkristallins in K/irnten. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Vienna, p. 123 (1982) White, D.E.: Thermal springs and epithermal ore deposits. In: Econ. Geol. 50th Anniv. Vol. I, A. Bateman, Ed., pp. 99-154 (1955) Winkler, H.G.F.: Petrogenesis of metamorphic rocks. 5th ed. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1979

Book review P. G. Teleki, M. R. Dobson, J. R. Moore and U. von Stackelberg (eds.): Marine Minerals (Advances in Research and Resource Assessment). NATO ASI Series C, Vol. 194. Dordrecht: Reidel 1987. 588 pp., half-cloth, 99 US$, ISBN 90-277-2436-9 During the past 15 years new discoveries of marine mineral occurrences - in particular of the massive sulfide deposits at midocean spreading ridges and in back-arc basins have significantly influenced the development of new geological concepts about the origin of ore deposits. This development also revived interest in all types of marine mineral deposits such as the manganese nodules in the deep ocean, the Co-rich manganese crusts on seamounts, the phosphorites of continental shelves, and the placer deposits in shallow waters. This increase of scientific interest and research in marine mineral occurrences induced the NATO Science Council and its Special Program Panel on Marine Science to organize an Advanced Research Workshop which was held in the United Kingdom in June 1985, with the topic "Marine Mineral - Ressource Assessment Strategies". The reviewed volume presents the papers and results of this workshop. With the exception of the manganese nodules and the metalliferous brines of the Red Sea, surveys designed to find and to map marine mineral deposits are, to a large extent, in the reconnaissance stage. In research, much effort is placed on studying the origin of deposits, on understanding their relationship to the geological framework and tectonic settings of their locations, and on increasing the knowledge about the physical, chemical, hydrological, and biological processes controlling their formation. The tools and equipments of marine research are growing in number and complexity: nevertheless, they are still not sufficient to obtain all the data necessary to characterize these resources: surveying, sampling, and measurement techniques have, therefore, to be improved. The bridge from the science of marine minerals to the

stage of future commercial exploration and mining is represented in part by resource assessments. Methods exist for assessing mineral deposits; whether these can be applied to marine mineral resources is one important topic of the book. On the other hand, the economics of marine polymetallic sulfide occurrences exclude a near-term mining development, but their investigations improve the knowledge on their origin and, thus, the exploration strategies for fossil mineral deposits on land which were formed in a similar manner. Most of the topics mentioned above were discussed in the workshop: occurrence, nature, and origin of the four classes of marine deposits (placers, phosphorites, manganese nodules and crusts, metalliferous sulfides); their status with regard surveying and measurement techniques, and the need for improving these techniques. In the special part of the book "Resource assessment and geostatics" a different task was undertaken: the investigation of the proper approaches to resource assessment for each type of marine mineral occurrence. Prior results in this field are small except for manganese nodules, and data needed for such assessments are insufficient. Altogether, 32 background papers consider most of the state of knowledge about marine minerals and approaches to resource assessment. The papers are presented by real experts in their fields. In the first part of the book the summarizing reports of the four working groups (corresponding to the four types of marine mineral occurrences) are given which also include recommendations for future research and suggestions for resource assessment improvement. The book contains an index for key words which helps the reader to find special topics. Thus, this volume represents a very valuable work with much valid information on the current state of knowledge and is a worthwhile read for marine geologists, geochemists, geophysicists, mineral economists, oceanographers, and mining experts involved in marine exploitation. P. Halbach (Clausthal-Zellerfeld)