BOOK REVIEW

G. V. Karpenko THE

EFFECT

OF

AND

LIFE

METALS*

OF

Reviewed

THE

MEDIUM

ON THE

STRENGTH

b y l~. M . G u t m a n

At p r e s e n t , the s t r e n g t h , life, and o t h e r s e r v i c e p r o p e r t i e s of m a c h i n e p a r t s , m e c h a n i s m s , and s t r u c t u r e s a r e d e t e r m i n e d not so m u c h by the loads, as by the surrounding m e d i a and t h e i r condition. R e g r e t t a b l y , in technical institutions of higher learning~ students, a s a rule, a r e not given s y s t e m a t i c i n f o r m a t i o n on the p h y s i c o c h e m i c a l effect of a m e d i u m (adsorption, c o r r o s i o n , etc.) on the strength, life, and o t h e r p r o p e r t i e s of m e t a l p a r t s , and frequently this effect is not taken into consideration b e c a u s e of ignorance by o u r e n g i n e e r s of the fundam e n t a l s of the p h y s i c o c h e m i c a l m e c h a n i c s of m a t e r i a l s , the science which studies these p r o b l e m s . The p u b lication of G. V. K a r p e n k o ' s m o n o g r a p h , which p a r t i a l l y fills t h i s g a p , m u s t be welcomed. In concise f o r m this s m a l l book p r e s e n t s the fundamental understandings of the adsorption and c o r r o sion effect of such m e d i a as w a t e r and aqueous solutions (including s e a w a t e r ) and m o l t e n m e t a l s , s a l t s , and a l k a l i s . Special attention is devoted to the effect of hydrogen. The p r o c e s s e s of fatigue (including low-cycle and contact fatigue) o c c u r r i n g in different m e d i a a r e analyzed. A s p e c i a l section is devoted to c o r r o s i o n c r a c k i n g and b r i t t l e n e s s (hydrogen, sulfide, and alkaline). The phenomenon of f r e t t i n g c o r r o s i o n in v a r i o u s m e d i a is d e s c r i b e d . The concepts of the size effect in m e d i a and of the slot effect a r e given. Different m e t h o d s of combatting the negative action of m e d i a , including p r o t e c t i v e coatings and s u r f a c e strengthening, a r e p r e s e n t e d . The effect of the method of production on the o p e r a t i o n of a p a r t in different m e d i a is shown. One of the sections p r e s e n t s a method of testing m e t a l s under s t r e s , ~n different media. The book g i v e s a c c u r a t e d e t e r m i n a t i o n s of all the phenomena d e s c r i b e d and the bibliography given by the author m a k e s it p o s s i b l e f o r the r e a d e r to b r o a d e n his knowledge on any of the p r o b l e m s . In e s s e n c e , this f i r s t work s u m m a r i z e s in a c c e s s i b l e f o r m f o r e n g i n e e r s t r e m e n d o u s t h e o r e t i c a l and e x p e r i m e n t a l m a t e r i a l a c c u m u l a t e d in the a r e a of the p h y s i c o c h e m i c a l m e c h a n i c s of m e t a l s in r e c e n t y e a r s . Such a s u m m a r y is p a r t i c u l a r l y valuable, since it has b e e n m a d e by one of the founders of this a r e a of science, one who has m a d e a decisive contribution in its development and who has c r e a t e d a whole new scientific school. This m o n o g r a p h m u s t be r e c o m m e n d e d a s a textbook in studying c o u r s e s on m a t e r i a l science, the r e s i s t a n c e of m a t e r i a l s , m e t a l technology, etc. T h e publication of a second edition, broadened and supplemented, in the f o r m of a textbook, would be v e r y d e s i r a b l e .

*Naukova Dumka, Kiev (1976), 128 pp. Head of the D e p a r t m e n t of Metals Technology of Ufa P e t r o l e u m Institute, Doctor of T e c h n i c a l Sciences, and P r o f e s s o r . T r a n s l a t e d f r o m F i z i k o - K h i m i c h e s k a y a Mekhanika M a t e r i a l o v , Vol. 13, No. 1, p. 123, J a n u a r y - F e b r u a r y , 1977. This mdterial is protected by copyright registered in the name o f Plenum Publishing Corporation, 227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011. No part o f this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission o f the publisher. A copy o f this article is available from the publisher for $ 7.50.

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