J. L. Strife et al.: Tracheal position with right aortic arch
arch is not seen on plain films, high kilovolt selective filtration mediastinal views may be helpful [12] in evaluating the trachea but the position of the aortic arch may be more difficult. Swischuk suggests that expiratory chest views be utilized [4]. In expiration, the normal trachea moves to the right. If the trachea remains fixed or in the midline, an underlying right-sided aortic arch should be suspected. In patients with esophageal atresia, Day advocates chest computed tomography if the aortic arch is not clearly identified on plain chest radiograph or barium swallow [13]. Real time echocardiography may also be useful in assessing the position of the aortic arch, particularly in newborns. Acknowledgements. We would like to thank Brenda Moore and Marlena Tyre for secretarial assistance in the preparation of the manuscript.
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Skeletal Radiology (Berlin)
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Urologe A (Berlin)
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Received: 23 October 1987; accepted: 22 January 1988
Dr. K.G. Silverthorn Department of Radiology University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N OXO, Canada
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Helvetica Paediatrica Aeta (Basel)
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Polski Prreglad Radiologii (Warszawa) X-ray assessment of the condition of the urinary tract in children with urethral valve. Gruchalska, E. (Pt-00-576Warszawa, ul. Marszalkowska 24, Poland) 51, 315 (1987)
Aeta Paediatrica Japonica (Tokyo) Phosphorus deficiency syndrome in two very low birthweight infants. Tsukahara, H. et aL (Dept. of Per, Red Cross Hosp, 2-4-1, Tsukimi-cho, Fukui 910, Japan) 30, 520 (1988)
Medicinskaja Radiologija (Moskva) Osteoscintigraphy and dynamic investigation of the kidneys with 99mTcpyrophosphate in tumorous involvement of the retroperitoneal space in children. Sinyuta, B.F. (Sci. Inst. of Rad. and Oncol., Kiev, USSR) 33, 13 (1988)
Australasian Radiology (Sydney) Paediatric MR imaging - current clinical applications. Davies RP, Sotby WA. (Royal Alexandra Hosp. for Children. Camperdown 2050. Australia) 32, 184 (1988) Cranio-metaphyseal dysplasia (report of 3 cases - two infants and one adult). Colavita N, Kozlowski K, Sprague P, (Royal Alexandra Hosp. for Children. Camperdown 2050. Australia) 32, 257 (1988) Unclassified osteochondrodystrophies with extreme platyspondyly (Report of two cas). Kozlowski K, Scougall J, Hockey A. (Royal Alexandra Hosp. for Children. Camperdown 2050, Australia) 32, 263 (1988).
Vestnik Rentgenologii i Radiologii (Moskva) Comparative assessment of the ultrasonic and X-ray methods of investigation in the diagnosis of ureterocele. Roslov, A.L. et al. 4, 36 (1988) Comparative analysis of the results of echo- and roentgenography in chit-
(continued on p.252)
252
dominal and pelvic vessels [8]. In the present case, duplex Doppler ultrasound clearly documented normal blood flow cephalad to the calcified thrombus and at the level of the thrombus in the IVC, thereby confirming patency. Normal bilateral renal vein blood flow effectively excluded extension of uncalcified thrombus into the renal veins. Transhepatic and retroperitoneal collateral venous blood flow was easily excluded. This study demonstrates the ease and usefulness of duplex Doppler ultrasound in the noninvasive evaluation of IVC thrombosis. Once the intraluminal presence of the thrombus is confirmed by realtime ultrasound, pulsed-Doppler can be used as a simple, qualitative means of assessing IVC patency and abdominal venous collateral flow, thereby obviating the need for invasive diagnostic procedures.
J. P. Uglietta et al.: Calcified inferior vena cava thrombosis 3. Gamill SL, Nice CM (1969) Calcification in the inferior vena cava. Radiology 92:1288 4. Kassner EG, Baumstark A, Kinkhabwala MN, Ablow RC, Hailer JO (1976) Calcified thrombus in the inferior vena cava in infants and children. Pediatr Radiol 4:167 5. Schullinger JN, Santulli JV, Berdon WE, Wigger H J, MacMillan RW, Demartini PD, Baker D H (1978) Calcified thrombi of the inferior vena cava in infants and children. J Pediatr Surg 13:429 6. Cunat JS, Morrison SC, Fletcher BD (t982) Sonographic diagnosis of calcified thrombus of the inferior vena cava. Br J Radiol 55:160 7. Velasquez G, D'Souza VJ, Glass TA, Sumner TE (1986) Calcified thrombus of the inferior vena cava in transposition of the great vessels. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 9:19 8. Taylor KJW, Burns PN, Woodcock JP, Wells PNT (1985) Blood flow in deep abdominal and pelvic vessels: ultrasonic pulsed-Doppler analysis. Radiology 154:487
Received: 23 September 1987; accepted: 12 February 1988
References J. P. Uglietta, M . D .
1. Singleton EB, Rosenberg HS (1961) Intraluminal calcification of the inferior vena cava. AJR 86:556 2. Silverman NR, Borns PF, Gotdstein AH, Greening RR, Hope JW (1969) Thrombus calcification in the inferior vena cava. AJR 106:97
Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center Post Office Box 3808 Durham, NC 27710 USA
Literature in pediatric radiology (continued from p. 245) Metatropic dysplasia and its variants (Analysis of 14 cases). Kozlowski K et al. (Royal Alexandra Hosp. for Children. Camperdown 2050, Australia) 32, 325 (1988). Report of three cases with tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome Type I (two cases) and Type n (one case). Stabile Met at. Servizio Genetica Medica, Osp. Cardarelli, 1-80131 Napoli, Italy. American Journal of Diseases of Children (Chicago)
Percutaneous nephrostogram in the newborn with bilateral renal cystic disease. Blane, C.E. et al. (Section of Ped. Rad., Dept. of Rad., Univ. of Michigan Hosp., Mort Children's Hosp., C3123, 1500 E Med. Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0252, USA) 142, 1349 (1988) Radiological case of the month: simulated child abuse in drug-induced rickets. Zeiss, J. et al. (Wood, B.P., Dept. of Rad., PO Box 648, Univ. Med. Center, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA) 142 (1988) Radiological case of the month: pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema caused by diabetic hyperpnea. Bullaboy, C.A. et al. (Young, L.W., Dept. of Rad., Children's Hosp. Med. Center, 281 Locust St. Akron, OH 44308, USA) 143, 93 (1989) Radiological case of the month: traumatic hypopharyngeal pseudodiverticulum. Pramanik, A.K. et aL (Wood, B.E, Dept. of Rad., Box'648, Univ. Med. Center, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA) 143, 95 (1989) American Journal of Neuroradiology (Baltimore) The clinical significance of hindbrain herniation and deformity as shown on MR images of patients with Chiari II malformation. Wolpert, S.M. et al. (Dept. of Rad, Section of Neurorad., NewEngland Med. Center Hosp., 750 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA) 9, 1075 (t988) MR imaging of neuronal migrational disorders. Osborn, R.E. et aL (Dept. of Pad., Naval Hosp., San Diego, CA 92134, USA) 9, 110t (1988) Absence of the septum pellueidum: a useful sign in the diagnosis of congenital brain malformations. Barkovich, A.J., Norman, D. (Dept. of Rad, Letterman Army Med. Center, Presidio of San Francisco, CA 94129-6700, USA)9, 1107 (t988)
Trauma of the corpus callosum: MR features. Gentry, L.R. et al. (Dept. of Rad., Section of Neurorad., Univ. Hosp. and Clinics Madison, WI 53792, USA) 9, 1129 (1988) CT of the temporal bone in achondroplasia. Cobb, S.R. et al. (Dept. of Rad., Harbor-UCLA Med. Center., 1000 V\Carson St., Torrance, CA 90509, USA) 9, 1195 (1988) American Journal of Roentgenology (Baltimore)
I.v. Nembutal: safe sedation for children undergoing CT. Strain, J,D. et al. (Dept. of Rad., The Children's Hosp., 1056 E. t9th Ave., Denver, CO 80218, USA) 151, 975 (1988) Second-trimester sonographic diagnosis of Down syndrome: role of femur-length shortening and nuchal-tbld thickening. Perrella, R. et aL (Dept. of Rad. Sciences, UCLA School of Med., 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA) 151, 981 (1988) Sonographic evaluation of the fetal stomach: significance of nonvisualization. Pretorius, D.H. et al. (Dept. of Rad., H 759, Univ. of California, Med. Center, 225 Dickinson St., SanDiego, CA 92103, USA) 151, 987 (1988) Fetal aortic and pulmonary artery di~/meters: sonographic measurements in growth-retarded fetuses. Cartier, M.S., Doubilet, P.M. (Doubilet, P.M., Brigham and Women's Hosp., 75 Francis St., Boston MA 02155, USA) 151, 991 (1988) Percutaneous nonendoscopic gastrostomy in children. Co D- D.A. et al. (Dept. of Rad., Riley Hosp. for Children, Univ. Med. Center, 702 Barnhill Dr., Indianapolis, IN 46223, USA) 151, 995 (1988) Evaluation of a low-dose neonatal chest radiographic system. Burton, E.M. et al. (Kirks, D.R., Dept. of Rad., Children's Hosp. Med. Center, Elland and Bethesda Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA) 151,999 (1988) Cervical spine injury in children: radiologic manifestations. Ehara, S. et al. (Dept. of Rad., General Hosp., Harvard Med. School, Boston, MA 02114, USA) 151, 1175 (1988) Fetal choroid plexus cysts: prevalence, clinical significance, and sonographic appearance. DeRoo, T.R. et al. (Harris, R.D., Dept. of Diagn. Rad, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Med. Center, 2 Maynard St., Hanover, NH 03756, USA) 151, 1179 (1988) (continued on p.257)
257
E. R. Nairn and S. Chapman: Lethal short-limbed dwarfism
lar matrix which is unlike that seen in chondrodysplasia punctata and there was also no fibrous metaplasia or fatty change. The "egg-shell" like cortex of the bone is unusual and not seen in osteogenesis imperfecta where the bone trabeculae are thicker and there is a normal growth plate. The transverse lucent defects in the ribs, ilia and scapulae are striking radiotogical signs. The symmetrical distribution suggests that they are not fractures. Only case 3 showed the defects in the ilia and scapulae but this infant had the youngest gestational age which may indicate that they are a transient abnormality only. Smith et al. [5] described rib-gap defects in an infant who died after 8 hours but apart from micrognathia the remainder of the skeleton was normal. The mid portions of the long bones are, histologically, healing fractures with callus formation. The condition does, therefore bear some similarity to osteogenesis imperfecta in which poor ossification is combined with normal fracture healing and even abundant callus formation. Astley & Kendall [6] described a still born infant who showed very similar radiological abnormalities to our 3 cases (Table 1) and we believe all 4 cases represent the same condition. The father in the family we have described has a brother who has had a male infant with similar radiological findings to those described above but the details were not avail-
able to us. Inheritance is likely to be autosomal recessive. Acknowledgements. We wish to thank Miss B.Ginz and Dr. M. Addy for allowing us to report their cases, Miss A. Fowlie for the antenatal ultrasonography. Dr. K. Kozlowski and Dr. D.Sillence for reviewing the material and Dr. R.Astley for bringing case 1 to our attention.
References 1. Yang SS, Heidelberger KP, Brough AJ, Corbett DP, Bernstein J (1976) Lethal short limbed chondrodysplasia in early infancy. Persp Pediatr Pathol 3:1 2. Sillence DO, Horton WA, Rimoin DL (1979) Morphologic studies in the skeletal dysplasias: a review. Am J Surg Pathol 96:812 3. Yang SS, Heidelberger KP, Bernstein J (1976) Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the condrocytes of type I lethal achondrogenesis. Human Pathol 7:667 4. Spranger JW, Opitz JM, Bidder U (1971) Heterogeneity of chondrodysplasia punctata. Humangenetik 11:190 5. Smith DW, Theiler K, Schachenmann G (1966) Rib-gap defect with micrognathia, malformed tracheal cartilages, and redundant skin: a new pattern of defective development. J Pediatr 69: 799 6. Astley R, Kendall AC (1980) A bone dysplasia for diagnosis. Ann Radiol 23:121 Dr. Stephen Chapman The Children's Hospital Department of Radiology BI6 8ET Birmingham, UK
Literature in pediatric radiology (continued from p. 252) Fibromatosis colli of infancy: CT and sonographic findings. Crawford, S.C. et al. (Harnsberger, H.R., Dept. of Rad., Univ. School of Med., 50 N.Medical Cn, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA) 151, 1183 (1988) CT of severe renal trauma in children: evaluation and course of healing with conservative therapy. Yale-Loehr, A.J. et al. (Dept. of Diagn. Rad, Univ. Med. System/Hosp., 22 S. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA) 152, 109 (1989) Radiographic evaluation of subureteric injection of Teflon to correct vesicoureteral reflux. Gore, M.D. et al. (Fernbach, S.K., Dept. of Rad., Northwestern Univ. and The Children's Memorial Hosp., 230 Children's Plaza, Chicago, IL 60614, USA) 152, 115 (1989) Delayed radiologic appearance of bilateral thoracic ectopic kidneys. Liddell, R.M. et al. (Rosenbaum, D.M., Rad., CHMC, P.O.Box C5371, Seattle, WA 98105, USA) t-52, t20 (1989) Torsion of normal uterine adnexa before menarche: CT appearance. Bellah, R. D., Griscom, N.T. (Griscom, N.T., Dept. of Rad., The Children's Hosp., 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA) 152, 123 (1989) MR imaging of double-outlet right ventricle. Akins, E.W. et al. (Dept. of Rad., Box J-374, JHMHC, Univ., College of Med., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA) 152, 128 (1989) Applied Radiology (Florham Park) CT of the orbit in pediatrics. Wells, R.G. et al. (Dept. of Rad., Children's Hosp. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee) 17, 15 (1988) CT of the orbit in pediatrics: part 2. Wells, R. et aL (Dept. of Rad., Children's Hosp. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA) 17, 23 (1988) Clinical Pediatrics (Philadelphia)
Intracranial tuberculoma. Bagga, A. et al. (Kalra, V., Dept. of Ped, All India Inst. of Med. Sciences, Ansari Nagar, NewDelhi, India) 27, 487 (1988)
Pneumoparotid. David, M. L, Kanga, J. E (3415 Brookhaven Dr., Lexington, KY 40502, USA) 27, 506 (1988) Dermoids of the posterior fossa. Starinsky, R. et al. (Dept. of Rad., Assaf Harofeh Med. Center, Zerifin 70500, Israel) 27, 579 (1988) Intussusception reduced by barium enema. Bonadio, W.A. (Dept. of Ped, Children's Hosp., RO.Box 1997, M. S. 756, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA) 27, 601 (1988) Gastrointestinal Radiology (New York)
Ultrasound diagnosis of evolving pyloric stenosis. Weiskittel, D.A. et al. (Blane, C.E., Ped. Rad., Mort Children's Hosp. (C3123/0252), 1500 E, Med. Center Dr., Ann Arbm; MI 48109, USA) 14, 22 (1989) Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume (Boston)
Current concepts review. SIipped capital femoral epiphysis. Crawford, A.H, (Children's Hosp. Med. Center, Elland and Bethesda Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA) 70-A, t422 (1988) Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis. Association with vertebra plana. Yu, L. et al. (Children's Hosp., 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA) 71-A, 105 (1989) Generalized enchondromatosis. Paterson, D.C. et al. (Children's Hosp,, 72 King William Rd., North Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia) 7t-A, 133 (1989) Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography (New York)
Developmental stages of human brain: an MR study. Martin, E. et al. (Univ. Children's Hosp., Steinwiesstr. 75, CH-8032 Ziirieh, Switzerland) 12, 917 (1988) MR imaging of neurocysticercosis. Zee, C.-S. et aL (Section of Neurorad., Room5139, County-USC Med. Center, 1200 North State Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA) 12, 927 (1988) (continued on p.263)
Book review/New books/Announcement
263
Book review Heitzman, E.R.: The Mediastinum, 2nd edn. Radiologic Correlations with Anatomy and Pathology. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer 1988. XIV, 355 pp., 302 Figs., (ISBN 3-540-18727-8), hard cover DM 248,-. The mediastinum is one of the most difficult anatomic regions for the radiologist. CT and MRI have added much information. Nevertheless, conventional radiology is still the basic imaging method for analyzing the mediastinum. The second edition of the book, The mediastinum, presents the reader with new aspects concerning the mediastinal struc-
tures. Seven chhpters deal with the whole mediastinum: the thoracic inlet, anterior mediastinum, supra-aortic area, infra-aortic area, supra-acygos area, infra-acygos area, and hilum. The sophisticated text is illustrated by excellent photographs and drawings. The specimens selected are especially impressive and the combination with X-rays a n d / o r CT provides much new information. This book is a must for radiologists and an excellent source for all physicians who work with chest X-ray films. J. Trrger (Heidelberg)
New books 1. The Radiologic Clinic of North America. Recent Advances in Practical Pediatric Radiology. Kook Sang Oh, Th. M. Bender (eds) Vo126, ppl81-469, $22.95, Saunders: Philadelphia March 1988 2. Radiologic Atlas of Pulmonary Abnormalities in Children. E.B.
Singleton, M . L Wagner, R.V. Dutton. 2nd Edn. 355pp., $75.00, Saunders: Philadelphia 1988 3. Assessing the Skdctal Maturity of the Hand-Wrist Feld Method. A.F. Roche, W.C. Chumlea, D. Thissoa. 339 pp., $57.50, Charles C. Thomas: Springfield, IL (USA)
Announcement Eight Annual Scientific Meeting and Exhibition of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine This meeting will be held from August 12-18, I989, in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Deadline for application: July 14, 1989;
deadline for accommodation: July I, 1989. Forfurther information please contact: SMRM Business Office, 1918 University Avenue Suite 3 c, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
Literature in pediatric radiology (continued from p. 257) Serial MR studies in Menkes disease. Blaser, S.L et al. (Dept. of Rad., Univ. Hosp., Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA) 13, 113 (1989) Perirenal hemangioendothelioma in a newborn: sonograph and MR findings. Koci, T.M. et al. (Worthen, N.J., Dept. of Rad., Harbor-UCLA Med. Center, 1000 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90509, USA) 13, 145 (1989)
Journal of Neurosurgery (Baltimore) Brain abscesses in neonates. Renier, D. et al. (Dept. of Neurosurg., Hrpital des Enfants Matades, 149 rue de Srvres, F-75730 Paris Cedex 15, France) 69, 877 (1988) Journal of Nuclear Medicine (New York) Indium-11 l-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy: diagnosis of subperiosteal abscesses complicating osteomyelitis in a child. Outwater, E. et al. (Oates, E., Div. of Nuclear Med., Box 228, NewEngland Med. Center Hosp., 750 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA) 29 187t (1988) Scintigraphy of toddlers's fracture. Miller, J.H., Sanderson, R.A. (Div. of Nuclear Rad., Children's Hosp., 4650 Sunset Blvd., LosAngeles CA 90027, USA) 29, 2001 (1988) Correlative pediatric imaging. Garty, Let al. (Sandler, M. P., Dept. of Rad, Vanderbilt Univ. Med. Center, Nashville, TN, USA) 30, 15 (1989) Journal of Pediatrics (St. Louis) Imaging with technetium 99m-labeled erythrocytes in evaluation of the Kasabach-Merritt syndrome. Loh, Jr., W. et al. (Miller, J.H., Div. of Nuclear Pad., Children's Hosp., 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA) 113, 856 (1988) Cine magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of congenital heart disease: role in pediatric cardiology compared with echocardiography and
angiography. Chung, K.J. et al. (Dept. of Ped., T-008-A, Univ. at San Diego, School of Med., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA) 113, 1028 (I988) Magnetic resonance imaging in children of very low birth weight with suspected brain abnormalities. Lipper, E.G. et al. (The NewYork Hosp.-Cornell Med. Center, 525 East 68th St., N-506 NewYork, NY 10021, USA) 1t3, 1046 (1988) Congenital rickets associated with magnesium sulfate infusion for tocolysis. Lamm, C.I. et al. (Norton, K.I., Dept. of Rad., Box 1234, Mount Sinai Med. Center, One Gustave L, Levy Place, NewYork, NY 10029-6574, USA) 113, 1078 (1988)
Journal of Pediatric Surgery (New York) Computed tomography in children with esophageal and airway trauma. Ben-Ami, T. et al. (Dept. of Rad., The Chaim Sheba Med. Centel, TelHashomer 52621 Israel) 23, 919 (1988) Congenital cervical neuroblastoma associated with Homer syndrome. Ogita, S. et al. (Div. of Surgery, Chidlren's Research Hosp., Prefectural Univ. of Med., Kyoto-City, 602 Japan) 23, 99t (1988) Tracheoesophageat injury secondary to disc battery ingestion. Sigatet, D., Lees, G. (Lees, G.M., Dept. of Surgery, Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Center, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2B7) 23, 996 (1988) Extralobar pulmonary sequestration and mediastinal bronchogenic cyst. Black, T.L et al. (800 Eighth Ave., Suite 306 Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA) 23, 999 (1988) Solubilized Xenon 133 lung scintigraphy. Oates, E., Sarno, R.C. (Div. of Nuclear Med., Dept. of Rad., Tufts-NewEngland Med. Center, 750 Washington St., Box 228, Boston, MA 02111, USA) 23, 1002 (1988) Successful revolution of unilateral pulmonary interstitial emphysema in a premature infant by selective bronchial balloon catheterization. Weintraub, Z., Oliven, A. (Div. of Neonatology, Lady Davis Cannel Hosp., 3462 Haifa, Israel) 23, 1005 (1988)