Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Vol. 30, Nos. 11-12, 1994
NEW PETROLEUM PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT FOR RUSSIA'S OIL WORKERS S. V. Lovchev
UDC 622.323.002.5
Russia produced only 56 % of the petroleum production equipment in the former USSR; therefore, after the USSR fell, Russian oil workers have had to import a significant amount of this equipment, mainly from Azerbaijan. The All-Union Scientific Research, Design, and Construction Institute for Petroleum Machinery (VNIlneftemash) has been working on designing a new generation of hydraulically driven petroleum production equipment in order to organize the production of a complete assortment of this equipment in Russia. A prototype of the KBG-2 hydraulic clutch for drilling tubes has been produced and field tested for three years on the Uralmash-15000 deep drilling rig. Instead of the standard AKB-3M2 clutch, a whole range of clutches has been developed with hydraulic, electric, and pneumatic activating mechanisms. Documentation has been developed for a hydraulic clutch, both with a closed and with an open rotor, for screwing and unscrewing compressor-pump robes. Work on marmfacturing these clutches has started at Russian enterprises converted from the defense industry. Technical characteristics of the clutches is presented in Table 1. These clutches have mechanisms to control the torsion moment and to guarantee a shock-free process of screwing and unscrewing the compressor-pump, drilling, and casing tubes, which increases the reIiability of the tube connections and lowers their wear by 30%. The All-Union Scientific Research, Design, and Construction Institute for Petroleum Machinery has developed a highly mechanized repair unit for 60 and 80 ton KVM-60 wells with shor~-time loads and two external guy wires. The KVM-60 unit provides high productivity, completely mechanized and partially automated repair processes, comfortable conditions for the operators in heated and ventilated cabins, remote control, and convenience and safety' in servicing, monitoring, and controlling the operating conditions. Work on designing a unit for on-line repair of wells with a 40 ton capacity is being conducted jointly with the Yurga Machine Worlcs. The Yurga Machine Works designed a special chassis with a YaMZ-238 drive engine that reduced the mait weight by 2 tons and made it more maneuverable, because the outer turn radius is oniy 4 m. In 1994 work is planned to develop a mechanical variant of the unit, to make it completely hydraulic in the future, and to combine it with a KARS-G clutch and a mechanism to eliminate temporary welds with a force of up to 1000 kN. Prototypes of hydraulic manipulators with a capacity of 3.5 tons for compressor-pump tubes and with a capacity of 6.3 tons for drilling and casing tubes have been buitt and bench tested. The manipulator replaces automated handling systems built into the test rig. Placing them on standard drilling rigs allows lift and discharge operations and auxiliary operations to be integrated on the gangway of the rig, shortens the time to bring up the drilling stem, makes work on the gan~wvvaysafe, and provides comfortable operating conditions for the operator in the cabin. Work is under way to design qualitatively new equipment for cementing the wells and increasing the yield of the beds~ primarily pump installations with piston pumps for pressures of 25, 32, 63, 105, and 140 MPa. Development has started on equipment units that use the latest automation and control techniques at the level of the better worldwide installations to break up oil beds hydranlically. Work has started on automatically-controlled units ~br deep-penetration break-up of oil-beds. Analogous equipment from the Canadian firm, Fracmaster, which was used in Tyumen' oil production, increased weI1 yields 3-10 times. In accordance with the program to create ecologically safe technologies, mobile closed systems that circulate water have been developed for drilling wells, which allows drilling to be done with less fresh water on the one hand and on the other prevents contaminating the aquifer with sludge and drilling mud, which often contain chemicals.
Translated from Khimicheskoe i Neftyanoe Mashinostroenie, No. 11, pp. 15-17, November, 1994. 0009-2q55/9411112-0521512.50
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Plenum Publishing Corporation
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TABLE 1 Diameter of clamped tubes, mm
Maximum torsion moment, N-m
KARS
48-114
4500
Stationary; hydraulic drive, open rotor, and manual removal
KARS-E
48-114
4500
Stationary; hydraulic drive, open rotor, and manual removal
KTZ
48-120
12,000
Stationary; hydraulic drive, closed rotor, and automatic removal
KRG
48-140 (200 mm maximum hole diameter)
20,000
Stationary; hydraulic drive, closed
KBG-2
48-508
100,000
Stationary; hydraulic drive, closed rotor, and mechanical removal
KBO-G
94-273
100,000
Stationary; hydraulic drive, open rotor, and mechanical removal
KBO-t~
94-273
75,000
Stationary; electric drive, open rotor, and mechanical removal
KBO-P
94-273
65,000
Stationary; pneumatic drive, open rotor, and mechanical removal
KGO340
114-340
70,000
Suspended; hydraulic drive, open rotor, and manual removal
KGO426
114-426
70,000
Suspended; hydraulic drive, open rotor, and manual removal
Clutch Purpose
For compressor pump tubes
Type
rotor, and mechanical removal
For
drilling tubes
t
For casing tubes
Main design features
Units have been tested for collecting and removing accidental spills of petroleum, oil sludge, and other petroleum products from the surfaces of lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water. The set of equipment consists of a collection vehicle with several mobile tanks. The collection vehicle, which moves on wheels with pneumatic tires or on a caterpillar tread, suspends connections to hydraulic dredges. The capacity of this vehicle varies from 30 to 60 m3/h, depending on the viscosity, density, and thickness of the petroleum layer which is being removed from the water. In conclusion it should be noted that the All-Union Scientific Research, Design, and Construction Institute for Petroleum Machinery can develop and design the manufacture of any drilling equipment for petroleum production and any equipment for geological prospecting to the customer's order.
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